本文選題：減震孔 + 爆破振動(dòng)��； 參考：《長(zhǎng)沙理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：在爆破工程中,有效地控制或減小爆破震動(dòng)對(duì)保護(hù)區(qū)域的破壞,為人們所關(guān)注。本文以長(zhǎng)沙地鐵一號(hào)線汽車北站基坑開挖爆破為工程背景,從理論分析、數(shù)值模擬和現(xiàn)場(chǎng)監(jiān)控?cái)?shù)據(jù)三個(gè)方面研究減震孔對(duì)爆破地震波的隔振原理、以及減震孔諸因素對(duì)隔震效果的影響規(guī)律。(1)從理論上分析減震孔的隔振原理。減震孔隔振效應(yīng)實(shí)際上是應(yīng)力波在介質(zhì)中傳播時(shí)人為衰減的復(fù)雜問題。將爆破應(yīng)力波從減震孔孔底分成上部應(yīng)力波和底部應(yīng)力波,應(yīng)力波在減震孔孔壁產(chǎn)生反射、透射和繞現(xiàn)象,減震孔能部分阻隔其傳播,加速應(yīng)力波能量衰減,減小對(duì)保護(hù)區(qū)的破壞。(2)運(yùn)用Midas/GTS軟件,模擬得出,減震孔具有一定的隔振作用,利用Excel軟件擬合減震孔在不同參數(shù)組合時(shí)的隔振效果規(guī)律計(jì)算公式,得出了如下的結(jié)論:增加減震孔的孔徑、排數(shù),減少孔距可有效的隔振,隨著減震孔與主炮孔的間距的增加,減震孔的隔振效果越差。(3)利用長(zhǎng)沙地鐵一號(hào)線汽車北站爆破監(jiān)控?cái)?shù)據(jù),以最小二乘原理為基礎(chǔ),對(duì)爆破監(jiān)控的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行回歸分析�？芍袦p震孔的振動(dòng)速度小于無(wú)減震孔的振動(dòng)速度,其減震率在10%~20%之間,減震率隨爆心距的增大而減小,減震孔的減震效果在爆破近區(qū)較好。最后對(duì)Midas/GTS數(shù)值模擬的數(shù)據(jù)與現(xiàn)場(chǎng)監(jiān)控的數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)比,表明兩種結(jié)果大致吻合,說(shuō)明爆破振動(dòng)數(shù)值模擬所討論的減震孔諸因素對(duì)隔振效果的影響規(guī)律符合實(shí)際。
[Abstract]:In blasting engineering, people pay more attention to effectively control or reduce the damage of blasting vibration to protected area. In this paper, based on the engineering background of excavation and blasting of foundation pit of Changsha Metro Line 1 Automobile North Station, the vibration isolation principle of shock absorber hole to blasting seismic wave is studied from three aspects: theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and field monitoring data. And the influence of various factors on the isolation effect of the shock absorber hole. 1) the isolation principle of the shock absorber hole is analyzed theoretically. The isolation effect of shock absorption holes is actually a complex problem of artificial attenuation of stress waves propagating in medium. The blasting stress wave is divided into the upper stress wave and the bottom stress wave from the bottom of the damping hole. The stress wave produces reflection, transmission and winding phenomenon in the wall of the damping hole. The energy of the damping hole partially blocks its propagation and accelerates the energy attenuation of the stress wave. Midas/GTS software is used to simulate the vibration isolation effect of the damping hole, and the Excel software is used to fit the formula of the vibration isolation effect of the damping hole when the different parameters are combined. The conclusions are as follows: increasing the aperture and number of shock absorption holes and reducing the spacing between the holes can be used to effectively isolate the vibration, with the increase of the spacing between the damping holes and the main gun holes. The worse the vibration isolation effect of the shock absorber hole is, the worse the vibration isolation effect is. (3) the blasting monitoring data of Changsha Metro Line 1 is used to analyze the blasting monitoring data based on the least square principle. It is known that the vibration velocity of the damping hole is smaller than that of the non-damping hole, and the damping rate is between 10% and 20%, and the damping rate decreases with the increase of the distance between the blast centers. The effect of the damping hole is better in the near area of blasting. Finally, the comparison between the data of Midas/GTS numerical simulation and that of field monitoring shows that the two results are in good agreement with each other, which indicates that the influence of various factors of shock absorption holes discussed in numerical simulation of blasting vibration on the isolation effect is in line with the actual situation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長(zhǎng)沙理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TU352.1;P315.9

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