本文選題：青海加吾金礦 + 元素地球化學(xué)場(chǎng)��； 參考：《長(zhǎng)安大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：位于青藏高原東北部同德—澤庫印支期銅、鉛、金成礦帶中的加吾金礦,是武警黃金部隊(duì)在前人工作基礎(chǔ)上,經(jīng)戰(zhàn)略地質(zhì)調(diào)查及預(yù)查工作中所發(fā)現(xiàn),并認(rèn)為經(jīng)進(jìn)一步勘探工作可取得更大找礦突破。但2008~2011年武警黃金部隊(duì)在該礦區(qū)開展的勘探中,施工的探槽、探坑及鉆孔見礦效果均不理想,因此對(duì)該區(qū)找礦前景產(chǎn)生很大質(zhì)疑。本文在充分收集、整理和研究前人資料的基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合野外實(shí)地調(diào)查結(jié)果,開展了加吾金礦所在區(qū)域及礦區(qū)的構(gòu)造地球化學(xué)特征研究,分析了礦區(qū)深部成礦潛力,以期為礦區(qū)下一步工作部署提供依據(jù)。最終獲得如下成果:(1)區(qū)域1:20萬地球化學(xué)特征研究結(jié)果表明:該區(qū)中下三疊統(tǒng)隆務(wù)河組(T1-2l)地層中,Au、As、W、Sb、Hg、Bi等元素呈相對(duì)富集狀態(tài)且離散程度較大,說明其是具有尋找金礦、鎢礦、銻礦潛力的賦礦地層單元;區(qū)域內(nèi)元素組合主要分為中低溫成礦元素和中高溫成礦元素兩群,兩群元素間相關(guān)性較弱,反映本區(qū)域至少經(jīng)歷中低溫和中高溫兩期成礦熱液活動(dòng)。其中,中溫成礦元素與鐵族元素相關(guān)性較強(qiáng),反映中溫成礦熱液活動(dòng)與深部熱液關(guān)系密切,也指示本區(qū)域具有深部物質(zhì)的遷移與活動(dòng);區(qū)域元素地球化學(xué)場(chǎng)特征顯示,區(qū)域斷裂對(duì)元素地球化學(xué)場(chǎng)的分布具有明顯控制作用,且加吾金礦所在的唐乃亥-加日亥地區(qū)發(fā)育中低溫、中溫成礦元素以及鐵族等多種元素組合,表明該地區(qū)具有成礦熱液疊加的現(xiàn)象,且深部熱液在一定程度上參與了成礦。(2)礦區(qū)地質(zhì)特征研究結(jié)果表明:礦區(qū)中下三疊統(tǒng)隆務(wù)河組的碳質(zhì)板巖夾變質(zhì)砂巖段(T1-2l3)中礦化蝕變強(qiáng),是礦區(qū)的主要賦礦層;NW向和EW向斷裂控制礦體的產(chǎn)出,為研究區(qū)主要控礦、容礦斷裂;礦區(qū)巖漿巖主要為印支期花崗閃長(zhǎng)巖體和花崗斑巖脈,均與成礦關(guān)系密切;礦區(qū)已圈出18條礦脈,走向與礦區(qū)斷裂帶發(fā)育方向一致,體現(xiàn)了構(gòu)造對(duì)成礦的控制作用。(3)礦區(qū)化探異常特征研究結(jié)果表明:加吾金礦區(qū)Au、Ag、As、W、Sb等中低溫成礦元素重合性較好,異常濃集中心明顯;而Pb、Zn等中溫成礦元素重合性好,其濃集中心與中低溫成礦元素偏離,指示該異常區(qū)至少有中低溫、中溫兩期成礦熱液活動(dòng);此外,中低溫成礦元素具有多級(jí)異常,而中溫、高溫元素只具有一級(jí)異常,說明該異常區(qū)深部可能有礦體存在,且礦體未遭到剝蝕。(4)礦區(qū)構(gòu)造地球化學(xué)特征研究結(jié)果表明:礦區(qū)斷裂破碎帶及石英脈中Au、Ag、Cd、Hg、Zn、Pb、Sb等元素相對(duì)富集且分布不均勻,說明這些元素在礦區(qū)石英脈及斷裂破碎帶中局部富集成礦的可能性極大,礦區(qū)斷裂破碎帶以及充填石英脈的裂隙對(duì)成礦具有控制作用;礦區(qū)元素共生組合特征與區(qū)域相似,表明礦區(qū)至少經(jīng)歷低溫和中溫兩期熱液活動(dòng),且深部熱液在一定程度上參與了成礦;礦區(qū)構(gòu)造樣與礦化樣中元素的富集變化特征和共生組合特征相似,與非礦化樣差異較大,顯示礦床成礦受構(gòu)造控制明顯;分析礦區(qū)三條地球化學(xué)剖面可知,凡斷裂發(fā)育處,巖石中Au的含量值均較大,且多處達(dá)到邊界品位以上,反映斷裂對(duì)成礦元素的遷移和富集具有良好控制作用;以線金屬量襯度法分別計(jì)算各剖面水平分帶可知,礦區(qū)含礦熱液運(yùn)移方向?yàn)橛晌髂现翓|北,巖漿活動(dòng)為成礦提供物質(zhì)來源。(5)加吾金礦所在區(qū)域的元素共生組合及元素地球化學(xué)場(chǎng)分布等區(qū)域地球化學(xué)特征,以及礦區(qū)的化探異常、元素共生組合、構(gòu)造地球化學(xué)以及稀土元素地球化學(xué)等礦區(qū)地球化學(xué)特征,均反映該區(qū)具有良好的深部成礦潛力;礦區(qū)已發(fā)現(xiàn)具有熱液沸騰現(xiàn)象的熱液角礫巖,以及脈狀-網(wǎng)脈狀礦石,應(yīng)用深部成礦理論推測(cè),礦區(qū)深部有形成大型成層狀礦體的可能。
[Abstract]:Located in the northeastern part of the Qingzang Plateau, the gold deposits in the copper, lead and gold metallogenic belts in the Indo Zeku period of the eastern Qinghai Tibet Plateau are found on the basis of predecessors' work and found in the work of strategic geological investigation and pre investigation. The gold troops of the armed police force have been carried out in this mining area in 2008~2011. In the exploration, the exploration slots, pits and holes in the construction are not ideal, so there is a great challenge to the prospect of prospecting in this area. On the basis of fully collecting, sorting and studying the data of the predecessors, combining the field investigation results, we have carried out the study of the tectonic geochemistry characteristics of the region and mining area of the gold mine, and analyzed the mining area. The deep metallogenic potential can provide the basis for the next work deployment in the mining area. The results are as follows: (1) the result of the study on the geochemical characteristics of the 1:20 million in the region shows that the elements of Au, As, W, Sb, Hg and Bi are enriched and dispersed in the middle and lower middle three strata of the Long Wu River Formation (T1-2l). The mineral and antimony ore potential is the ore bearing stratum unit; the element combination in the region is mainly divided into two groups of middle and low temperature metallogenic elements and middle and high temperature metallogenic elements, and the correlation between the two groups is weak, reflecting the region at least experienced middle and middle temperature and middle and high temperature hydrothermal fluids. The activity of mineral hydrothermal activity is closely related to deep hydrothermal fluid, and it also indicates the migration and activity of deep material in this area, and the characteristics of regional element geochemical field show that the regional fracture has a clear control effect on the distribution of the element geochemistry field, and the middle temperature and middle temperature metallogenic elements are developed in the Tang Naihai - Jia - hi-hai region, which is located in the gold mine. The combination of the iron group and other elements indicates that the area has the superposition of metallogenic hydrothermal solution, and the deep hydrothermal fluid has been involved in the mineralization to some extent. (2) the study of geological characteristics of the mining area shows that the mineralization and alteration of the carbonaceous slate sandstone section (T1-2l3) of the middle and lower three superposition of the Long Wu formation of the mining area is strong and altered, which is the main ore bearing layer of the mining area; NW direction and EW The output of the fault control ore body is the main ore control and ore bearing fracture in the study area. The magmatic rocks in the mining area are mainly the Indosinian granodiorite and granite porphyry veins, which are closely related to the mineralization; the mining area has been circling 18 veins, and the direction is consistent with the development direction of the mining area. (3) geochemical anomalies in mining area The results of the study show that the middle and low temperature metallogenic elements of Au, Ag, As, W and Sb in gucin mining area are good, and the center of abnormal enrichment is obvious, while Pb, Zn and other middle temperature mineralization elements have good recoincidence and the concentration center deviates from the middle and low temperature metallogenic elements, indicating that the anomalous area has at least middle and low temperature, and the middle temperature two phases of metallogenic hydrothermal activity; in addition, medium and low temperature metallogenic elements. There is a multilevel anomaly, and the medium temperature and high temperature elements only have first order anomaly, which indicates that there may be ore bodies in the deep part of the anomaly area and the ore body is not denuded. (4) the results of structural geochemical characteristics of the mining area show that the elements of Au, Ag, Cd, Hg, Zn, Pb and Sb in the fractured zone and quartz vein of the mining area are enriched and distributed unevenly, indicating that these elements are not evenly distributed. The possibility of eutrophication in the quartz vein and fracture zone of the mining area is great. The fracture fracture zone and the fissures filled with quartz veins have control effect on the mineralization, and the symbiotic combination characteristics of the mining area are similar to those of the region, indicating that the mining area at least experienced the two phases of hydrothermal activity at low temperature and middle temperature, and the deep hydrothermal solution is certain to some extent. Metallogenesis and mineralization are similar to those of the elements in the mining area and the mineralized samples, which are similar to the characteristics of the accumulation and variation of the elements and the characteristics of the non mineralized samples, which show that the ore deposit is controlled obviously by the structure. The analysis of three geochemical profiles in the mining area shows that the content of Au in the rock is higher than that in the rock, and many places are above the boundary grade. The reflection fracture has a good control effect on the migration and enrichment of the metallogenic elements. It is known that the migration direction of ore bearing hydrothermal fluid is from southwest to northeast, and the magmatism provides material source for mineralization. (5) the element symbiotic assemblage and elemental geochemical field in the region of the gold mine where the gold mine is located. The geochemical characteristics of the area, geochemical anomalies in the mining area, the symbiotic combination of elements, the tectonic geochemistry and the geochemistry of rare earth elements all reflect the good deep metallogenic potential in this area, and the hydrothermal breccia with hydrothermal boiling, and the pulse network vein ore have been found in the mining area. According to the metallogenic theory, it is possible to form large stratified orebodies in the deep part of the mining area.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：長(zhǎng)安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：P618.51

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