本文選題：深部地球物理探測(cè) + 長(zhǎng)周期大地電磁��； 參考：《成都理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：長(zhǎng)周期大地電磁探測(cè)法是重要地球物理探測(cè)方法之一,其在資源勘探、環(huán)境保護(hù)、防災(zāi)減災(zāi)等方面有著重要的科學(xué)意義。上世紀(jì)末,眾多發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家紛紛啟動(dòng)以長(zhǎng)周期大地電磁測(cè)深法為主的深部探測(cè)計(jì)劃,我國(guó)于2008年啟動(dòng)“深部探測(cè)專項(xiàng)”,以擴(kuò)大資源的獲取空間。目前國(guó)內(nèi)研究長(zhǎng)周期大地電磁儀器的主要有中國(guó)地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)和吉林大學(xué),國(guó)內(nèi)主要使用進(jìn)口的長(zhǎng)周期大地電磁測(cè)深系統(tǒng),國(guó)外很多長(zhǎng)周期大地電磁系統(tǒng)都嚴(yán)格限制對(duì)我國(guó)出口,嚴(yán)重制約了我國(guó)深部探測(cè)計(jì)劃的進(jìn)程�！笆晃濉眹�(guó)家高技術(shù)研究計(jì)劃啟動(dòng)深部礦產(chǎn)資源勘探技術(shù)專項(xiàng),希望突破深部資源勘探技術(shù)方面方面的壁障,本論文來(lái)源于“863”重大儀器專項(xiàng)——長(zhǎng)周期分布式大地電磁觀測(cè)系統(tǒng)(2014AA06A612)。長(zhǎng)周期大電磁信號(hào)微弱,信號(hào)周期極長(zhǎng),而且需要解決閃爍噪聲的影響,因此本論文設(shè)計(jì)了基于斬波原理器件的長(zhǎng)周期大地電磁場(chǎng)源信號(hào)采集電路,實(shí)現(xiàn)高分辨率、高穩(wěn)定性、低噪聲、低漂移采集電路設(shè)計(jì)。采集電路分為輸入保護(hù)電路、輸入匹配電路、濾波電路、程控增益電路、模數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)換器電路、數(shù)模轉(zhuǎn)換器反饋補(bǔ)償電路和FPGA控制器電路等七部分。數(shù)模反饋補(bǔ)償電路通過(guò)數(shù)模轉(zhuǎn)換電路和減法電路能夠有效補(bǔ)償前端輸入信號(hào)的背景場(chǎng),剩下動(dòng)態(tài)變化的交流分量,然后通過(guò)環(huán)路中的程控增益控制電路對(duì)該交流量進(jìn)行放大,提高環(huán)路增益和信噪比,增大模數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)換器的有效分辨率。使用FPGA作為控制器,采用并行處理方式實(shí)現(xiàn)多通道信號(hào)高精度同步采集和處理。采用堆疊的方式開(kāi)發(fā)了兩套樣機(jī),按照準(zhǔn)校準(zhǔn)規(guī)范對(duì)樣機(jī)進(jìn)行校準(zhǔn)測(cè)試、噪聲測(cè)試、道間串?dāng)_測(cè)試和通道一致性測(cè)試,同時(shí)與LEMI-417系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了野外對(duì)比實(shí)驗(yàn)。使用最小二乘法和一元線性回歸方法對(duì)樣機(jī)進(jìn)行了分段校準(zhǔn),測(cè)試表明電場(chǎng)信通道噪聲有效值最大為0.4uV,磁場(chǎng)通道噪聲有效值最大為0.08nT,樣機(jī)的道間串?dāng)_和通道一致性等指標(biāo)都達(dá)到設(shè)計(jì)指標(biāo)要求。野外實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,使用本論文采集電路研制的LMT儀器獲取的資料與LEMI-417系統(tǒng)獲取的資料經(jīng)相同軟件處理后,電阻率結(jié)果高度一致。
[Abstract]:Long-period magnetotelluric sounding is one of the important geophysical methods, which has important scientific significance in resource exploration, environmental protection, disaster prevention and mitigation. At the end of last century, many developed countries started the deep exploration plan with long period magnetotelluric sounding as the main method. In 2008, our country launched the "deep exploration project" to expand the acquisition space of resources. At present, China University of Geosciences (Beijing) and Jilin University are the main researchers in China, and import longperiod magnetotelluric sounding systems are mainly used in China. Many long period magnetotelluric systems in foreign countries have restricted the export to our country, which seriously restricted the process of our country's deep exploration program. In the 11th Five-Year Plan, the National High Technology Research Plan launched the deep mineral resources exploration technology project, hoping to break through the barrier in deep mineral resources exploration technology. This thesis comes from the long period distributed magnetotelluric observation system (LDCMS), which is an important instrument of "863". The long period large electromagnetic signal is weak, the signal period is very long, and the influence of scintillation noise needs to be solved. Therefore, this paper designs a signal acquisition circuit of long period magnetotelluric field source based on chopper principle, which realizes high resolution and high stability. Low noise, low drift acquisition circuit design. The acquisition circuit is divided into seven parts: input protection circuit, input matching circuit, filter circuit, program-controlled gain circuit, analog-to-digital converter circuit, digital-to-analog converter feedback compensation circuit and FPGA controller circuit. The digital-analog feedback compensation circuit can effectively compensate the background field of the front-end input signal through the digital-analog conversion circuit and the subtraction circuit, leaving the dynamic AC component, and then amplifying the AC quantity through the program-controlled gain control circuit in the loop. The loop gain and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) are improved, and the effective resolution of A / D converter is increased. FPGA is used as controller and parallel processing method is used to realize high precision synchronous acquisition and processing of multi-channel signals. Two sets of prototypes were developed by stacking method. Calibration test, noise test, inter-channel crosstalk test and channel consistency test were carried out according to the quasi-calibration specification. Field experiments were also carried out with LEMI-417 system. The method of least square and linear regression is used to calibrate the prototype. The test results show that the maximum effective value of the signal channel noise is 0.4uV and the maximum effective value of the magnetic channel noise is 0.08nT. the interchannel crosstalk and channel consistency of the prototype meet the design requirements. The field experiment results show that the data obtained by using the LMT instrument developed in this paper is highly consistent with the data obtained by the LEMI-417 system and processed by the same software.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：成都理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：P631.325

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