本文選題：數(shù)字巖心 + 核磁共振�。� 參考：《中國地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：核磁共振(NMR)技術(shù)是一種能夠評(píng)價(jià)巖石空間內(nèi)孔隙流體分布的新型技術(shù),在常規(guī)砂巖和碳酸鹽巖地層中,核磁共振的不僅可以得到巖心的孔隙度、滲透率等常規(guī)參數(shù),還可以實(shí)現(xiàn)孔隙流體的識(shí)別和儲(chǔ)層評(píng)價(jià)。但是在頁巖儲(chǔ)層的NMR探測(cè)中,由于頁巖具有孔隙多為納米尺度、礦物構(gòu)成十分復(fù)雜、有機(jī)質(zhì)較高以及測(cè)量時(shí)存在的內(nèi)部磁場(chǎng)等原因,導(dǎo)致頁巖核磁共振探測(cè)面臨著分辨率太低和模型在頁巖儲(chǔ)層不適用等問題。因此開展頁巖多維核磁共振探測(cè)及微觀響應(yīng)的研究,對(duì)頁巖核磁共振的測(cè)井評(píng)價(jià)有著重要的意義。本文以數(shù)字巖心的核磁共振數(shù)值模擬為基礎(chǔ),開展了基于成巖過程法重構(gòu)數(shù)字巖心模型和X射線CT掃描的頁巖數(shù)字巖心模型的核磁共振微觀響應(yīng)研究。首先,依據(jù)沉積巖石的沉積機(jī)理,模擬沉積巖石的沉積過程并重構(gòu)三維數(shù)字巖心,生成不同孔隙度大小的理想數(shù)字巖心模型。其次,對(duì)理想模型的三維數(shù)字巖心開展核磁共振數(shù)值模擬研究,通過改變壓實(shí)程度和填充不同的含水飽和度開展核磁共振的一維、二維微觀響應(yīng)研究,并研究其受限擴(kuò)散特征。然后,采用X射線CT掃描技術(shù),開展高分辨率的CT掃描實(shí)驗(yàn),生成了 3塊納米尺度的三維頁巖數(shù)字巖心,并通過AVIZO軟件重構(gòu)頁巖CT圖像,劃分其礦物成分。最后,基于頁巖三維數(shù)字巖心,開展頁巖數(shù)字巖心的核磁共振一維、二維數(shù)值模擬研究,并探究其微觀響應(yīng)。研究表明,對(duì)于不同分辨率的數(shù)字巖心,其受限擴(kuò)散程度隨著分辨率的提高越來越大。在模擬成巖過程中,隨著壓實(shí)程度的加大,理想數(shù)字巖心的孔隙度會(huì)變小,其T2譜的幅度會(huì)有明顯的降低,T2分布會(huì)向短弛豫方向移動(dòng)。通過對(duì)含有不同潤(rùn)濕相飽和流體的數(shù)字巖心進(jìn)行核磁共振數(shù)值模擬發(fā)現(xiàn),隨著潤(rùn)濕相飽和度的減小,其T2-D分布中潤(rùn)濕流體的信號(hào)會(huì)偏離其自由擴(kuò)散系數(shù)線。在對(duì)頁巖進(jìn)行核磁共振微觀數(shù)值模擬研究的過程中,隨著回波間隔的增大,其T2分布的形態(tài)有了明顯的變化,并向右方向偏移,頁巖核磁共振儀器實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果一致。同時(shí)由于頁巖數(shù)字巖心分辨率較高,所以其潤(rùn)濕流體的受限擴(kuò)散現(xiàn)象明顯,并隨著孔隙度的減小,其受限擴(kuò)散更加的明顯。這對(duì)于我們構(gòu)建頁巖核磁共振解釋模型提供了理論基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is a new technique that can evaluate the distribution of pore fluid in rock space. In conventional sandstone and carbonate strata, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) can not only obtain the core porosity, permeability and other conventional parameters. It can also realize the identification of pore fluid and reservoir evaluation. However, in the NMR exploration of shale reservoir, the shale has many nano-scale pores, complex mineral composition, high organic matter and the internal magnetic field in measurement, and so on. Therefore, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) detection of shale is faced with problems such as low resolution and inapplicability of model in shale reservoir. Therefore, it is of great significance for logging evaluation of shale nuclear magnetic resonance to carry out multi-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance detection and microcosmic response research. Based on the nuclear magnetic resonance numerical simulation of digital cores, the nuclear magnetic resonance microscopic response of shale digital core models based on diagenetic process reconstruction and X-ray CT scanning has been studied in this paper. Firstly, according to the sedimentary mechanism of sedimentary rock, the sedimentary process of sedimentary rock is simulated and 3D digital core is reconstructed to form an ideal digital core model with different porosity. Secondly, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) numerical simulation is carried out for 3D digital cores of ideal model. 1D and 2-D microscopic responses of NMR are studied by changing compaction degree and filling different water saturation, and its confined diffusion characteristics are studied. Then, by using X-ray CT scanning technology and high resolution CT scanning experiment, three nanoscale 3D shale digital cores were generated, and the shale CT images were reconstructed by AVIZO software, and their mineral compositions were classified. Finally, the 1D and 2D NMR numerical simulation of shale digital core is carried out based on the 3D digital core of shale, and its microscopic response is explored. The results show that the limited diffusion degree of digital cores with different resolution increases with the increase of resolution. In the process of simulating diagenesis, with the increase of compaction degree, the porosity of ideal digital core will become smaller, and the amplitude of T2 spectrum will obviously decrease and the distribution of T2 will move to the direction of short relaxation. The numerical simulation of digital cores with different wetting phase saturation fluid shows that with the decrease of wetting phase saturation, the signal of wetting fluid deviates from its free diffusion coefficient line in T2-D distribution. In the process of nuclear magnetic resonance microscopic numerical simulation of shale, with the increase of echo interval, the shape of T _ 2 distribution changed obviously and shifted to the right. The experimental results of shale nuclear magnetic resonance instrument were consistent. At the same time, because of the high resolution of shale digital core, the limited diffusion of wetting fluid is obvious, and with the decrease of porosity, the limited diffusion is more obvious. This provides a theoretical basis for the construction of shale NMR interpretation model.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：P618.13

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