本文選題：成礦花崗巖 + 矽卡巖��； 參考：《昆明理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：本文在詳細(xì)的礦區(qū)地質(zhì)調(diào)查及樣品分析測(cè)試的基礎(chǔ)上,應(yīng)用現(xiàn)代礦床學(xué)、巖石學(xué)及地球化學(xué)等理論方法,對(duì)文山小平壩礦區(qū)礦床地質(zhì)、成礦巖體及矽卡巖進(jìn)行了綜合分析研究,取得如下成果認(rèn)識(shí)：礦區(qū)的成礦地質(zhì)條件較好：在地層巖性組成方面,古生代淺海陸棚-濱海相碎屑巖-碳酸鹽巖地層中W等成礦元素的初始富集可為成礦提供一定物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ),寒武系地層中碳酸鹽巖可為小平壩矽卡巖型W、Fe、Pb、Zn多金屬礦床的形成提供有利巖性條件；在構(gòu)造方面,礦區(qū)內(nèi)NE和NW向斷層、接觸帶裂隙等構(gòu)造較發(fā)育,為含礦流體的運(yùn)移、聚集和礦質(zhì)沉淀提供了有利空間；在巖漿巖類型方面,礦區(qū)位于薄竹山燕山期復(fù)式中酸性巖體東緣,具備矽卡巖型W、Sn成礦的有利巖漿活動(dòng)條件。礦區(qū)成礦巖體為薄竹山復(fù)式巖體第一期中-粗粒黑云二長(zhǎng)花崗巖,其A/CNK大于1,屬過(guò)鋁質(zhì),富K2O、SiO2,σ平均為2.54,具高鉀鈣堿性。巖石中La、Zr、Pb、Rb、U、Th等LILE富集,Sr、Ba、Ti、Nb、Ta等不相容元素、HFSE相對(duì)虧損；稀土總量較高,輕重稀土分異較強(qiáng),Eu顯中等負(fù)異常。LA-ICP-MS鋯石U-Pb同位素年齡集中在84-93Ma之間,與晚白堊世華南西部巖漿成礦帶主成礦時(shí)代相當(dāng)。構(gòu)造環(huán)境判別研究顯示,其為燕山晚期早階段同碰撞構(gòu)造環(huán)境下上地殼砂泥質(zhì)沉積物局部熔融經(jīng)結(jié)晶分異形成,屬S型花崗巖。巖體中成礦元素含量較高,是礦區(qū)主要物質(zhì)來(lái)源。區(qū)內(nèi)矽卡巖主要在接觸帶、圍巖裂隙、層間破碎帶中發(fā)育。按位置及含礦性的不同,可分為含白鎢礦矽卡巖或礦石、條帶狀矽卡巖和鉛鋅礦化矽卡巖三類。不同矽卡巖在礦物組成、結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)造及主量元素含量等方面均存在明顯區(qū)別,但微量、稀土元素地球化學(xué)特征與礦區(qū)花崗巖有相似之處。巖石地球化學(xué)特征表明,成礦花崗巖侵入過(guò)程中,巖漿熱液與碳酸鹽巖(圍巖)之間發(fā)生明顯的物質(zhì)交換,巖漿熱液帶來(lái)的Si、Fe、Al、REE和Co、V、Zn、Ni、W、Sn等親鐵-親銅元素進(jìn)入圍巖,圍巖中的Ca、Mg被活化進(jìn)入熱液體系。經(jīng)雙交代作用,形成含白鎢礦矽卡巖或礦石、條帶狀矽卡巖和鉛鋅礦化矽卡巖。矽卡巖化過(guò)程中,還出現(xiàn)大離子親石元素K、Sr、Rb、Pb、Ba、Cs和高場(chǎng)強(qiáng)元素Nb、Ta、Hf、Zr等隨流體遷出。矽卡巖化強(qiáng)度主要受巖體控制,并與大氣降水的入滲作用有關(guān),遠(yuǎn)離巖體的圍巖矽卡巖化程度較低,且受大氣降水入滲作用較強(qiáng)。因此,本文認(rèn)為,小平壩礦區(qū)為燕山晚期早階段巖漿熱液混合大氣降水形成的典型矽卡巖型礦床。
[Abstract]:On the basis of detailed geological investigation and sample analysis and test of mining area, this paper makes a comprehensive analysis and study on the geology, ore-forming rock mass and skarn of Xiaopingba mine area in Wenshan by using modern ore deposit theory, petrology and geochemistry. The results are as follows: the ore-forming geological conditions of the mining area are good: in terms of stratigraphic lithologic composition, the initial enrichment of W and other metallogenic elements in the Paleozoic shallow-littoral clastic rock-carbonate strata can provide a certain material basis for mineralization. The carbonate rocks in Cambrian strata can provide favorable lithologic conditions for the formation of the small Pingba skarn type WnFeFePbPb-Zn polymetallic deposit, in terms of structure, NE and NW trending faults in the mining area, fractures in the contact zone and other structures are relatively developed, which are the migration of ore-bearing fluids. In terms of magmatic rock types, the ore area is located at the eastern edge of the complex intermediate-acid rock mass in the Bozhushan Yanshanian period, and has favorable magmatic activity conditions for skarn type WPS-Sn mineralization. The ore-forming body of the ore-forming area is a medium-coarse black cloud monzomorphic granite in the first phase of the Bozhushan complex rock mass. Its A/CNK is greater than 1, which is peraluminous, rich in K _ 2O _ 2O _ 2O _ 2O _ 2, 蟽 is 2.54, and has high potassium calc-alkaline. In the rocks, LILE is enriched with LILE, such as LILE, for example, LILE enrichment, the relative depletion of the incompatible elements, such as Srsr-BaBaTiTiNbTh, is relatively low, the total amount of rare earths is relatively high, and the EU shows moderate negative anomalies. The isotopic ages of LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb isotopes are concentrated in the range of 84-93Ma, and the isotopic ages of the zircon are mainly in the range of 84-93Ma. It is equivalent to the main metallogenic age of the magmatic metallogenic belt in the western part of South China in the late Cretaceous. The tectonic environment discriminant study shows that it belongs to S-type granite in the early stage of the late Yanshanian stage and the local melting of the sandy mud sediments in the upper crust is formed by crystallization differentiation under the same collision tectonic environment in the late Yanshanian period. The content of ore-forming elements in rock mass is high, which is the main material source in mining area. Skarn is mainly developed in contact zone, rock fissure and interlayer fracture zone. According to the location and ore-bearing property, there are three types of skarn, zonal skarn and lead-zinc mineralized skarn. There are obvious differences in mineral composition, structural structure and principal element content among different skarn rocks, but the geochemical characteristics of trace rare earth elements are similar to those of granites in the mining area. The petrogeochemical characteristics indicate that during the intrusive process of ore-forming granites, there is obvious material exchange between magmatic hydrothermal solution and carbonate rock (surrounding rock), and the iron-friendly and copper-friendly elements such as Si-FeFeAlREE and Co-VVZZZZZZNI-WWSn, which are brought by magmatic hydrothermal solution, enter into the surrounding rock. Caomg in surrounding rock is activated into hydrothermal system. Through double metasomatism, skarn or ore containing scheelite, zonal skarn and lead-zinc mineralized skarn are formed. In the process of skarn lithology, the large ion lithophile elements, such as K ~ (+) S _ (Sr) _ (Rb) ~ (B) ~ (B) ~ (B) ~ (B) ~ (B) ~ (1) ~ (3) ~ (-) ~ (2 +) ~ (3) ~ (2 +) The strength of skarn is mainly controlled by rock mass and is related to the infiltration of atmospheric precipitation. The skarn degree of surrounding rock is low and strongly influenced by atmospheric precipitation. Therefore, it is considered that Xiaopingba ore area is a typical skarn type deposit formed by magmatic hydrothermal mixed atmospheric precipitation in the late Yanshanian period.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：昆明理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：P618.2

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