發(fā)布時間：2018-05-04 02:32

  本文選題：AVO技術(shù) + Zoeppritz方程��； 參考：《成都理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：AVO(Amplitude Versus Offset)技術(shù)是利用疊前道集上地震反射波振幅與炮檢距(或入射角)的關(guān)系來研究油氣的一種方法。這一技術(shù)是在彈性波理論上建立的。從AVO技術(shù)產(chǎn)生到現(xiàn)在的二十多年里,隨著計算機技術(shù)的不斷發(fā)展,很多的地球物理學(xué)家對其做了進一步的分析及研究。在這基礎(chǔ)上將它運用在油氣地球物理勘探上,并取得了非常好的效果。在查找大量國內(nèi)外文獻的基礎(chǔ)上,本文整理了AVO技術(shù)的原理及發(fā)展過程,對Zoeppritz方程及其簡化公式進行了歸納總結(jié),并討論了AVO分析中的巖石物理參數(shù)和含氣砂巖定性的分類。為后面AVO影響因素分析做好了鋪墊。本文首先以Zoeppritz方程為基礎(chǔ)結(jié)合實際地震數(shù)據(jù)進行了AVO正演模擬。實驗?zāi)M所得的AVO曲線與各個井的實際AVO曲線均相符,證明了我們所建立的模型是合理的,正演方法具有較高的精度。為詳細總結(jié)實際地震數(shù)據(jù)的AVO特征,結(jié)合井中儲層的解釋,分別模擬了儲層位于層位頂部和內(nèi)部情況的AVO特征,分別分析了孔隙度、含水飽和度對AVO曲線的影響。Zoeppritz方程只適用于對兩介質(zhì)之間的一個分界面求取其反射、透射系數(shù),其只能夠反映一個分界面的特征,卻不能夠?qū)σ粋�層的內(nèi)部特征進行描述,特別是對薄層的特征。本文對層狀介質(zhì)、厚層和薄層做了一定介紹,利用Berkhovski方程進行推導(dǎo),得出了三層介質(zhì)的薄層反射、透射系數(shù)公式。并建立了相關(guān)的薄層模型,通過得出的公式對其進行了反射系數(shù)曲線分析。分析了中間夾層的厚度和入射波頻率對反射系數(shù)曲線的影響。由于地層的吸收作用,當(dāng)中間夾層厚度比較大時,其反射系數(shù)曲線隨著厚度的增大震蕩越來越厲害。考慮到地層吸收作用的影響,引入了品質(zhì)因子。將1978年Frayer提出的品質(zhì)因子表示的復(fù)波速代替前面Brekhovski方程中的波速,得到了中間夾層有吸收的反射系數(shù)公式。利用這一公式分析了地層吸收作用對反射系數(shù)曲線的影響。
[Abstract]:AVO(Amplitude Versus offset technique is a method to study oil and gas by using the relationship between amplitude of seismic reflection wave and offset (or incident angle) on prestack gathers. This technique is based on elastic wave theory. With the development of computer technology, many geophysicists have made further analysis and research on AVO technology in the past twenty years. On this basis, it has been applied to oil and gas geophysical exploration and achieved very good results. On the basis of looking up a large number of domestic and foreign literatures, this paper arranges the principle and development process of AVO technology, sums up the Zoeppritz equation and its simplified formula, and discusses the rock physical parameters and classification of gas bearing sandstone in AVO analysis. It lays the groundwork for the analysis of the influencing factors of AVO. In this paper, based on the Zoeppritz equation and the actual seismic data, the AVO forward simulation is carried out. The simulated AVO curves agree with the actual AVO curves of each well. It is proved that the proposed model is reasonable and the forward modeling method has high accuracy. In order to summarize the AVO characteristics of the actual seismic data in detail, combined with the interpretation of the reservoir in the well, the AVO characteristics of the reservoir located at the top of the horizon and the internal situation are simulated, and the porosity is analyzed respectively. The effect of water saturation on the AVO curve. Zoeppritz equation can only be used to calculate the reflection and transmission coefficient of an interface between two media, which can only reflect the characteristics of a boundary surface, but cannot describe the internal characteristics of a layer. Especially for the characteristics of the thin layer. In this paper, the layer medium, thick layer and thin layer are introduced, and the reflection and transmission coefficient formulas of three layers are derived by using Berkhovski equation. The related thin-layer model was established and the reflection coefficient curve was analyzed by the formula obtained. The influence of the thickness of interlayer and the frequency of incident wave on the reflection coefficient curve is analyzed. Because of the absorption of the stratum, when the thickness of the intermediate interlayer is large, the reflection coefficient curve oscillates more and more with the increase of the thickness. Considering the influence of stratigraphic absorption, the quality factor is introduced. In this paper, the complex wave velocity expressed by Frayer in 1978 is replaced by the wave velocity in the previous Brekhovski equation, and the reflection coefficient formula with absorption in the intermediate interlayer is obtained. The influence of the formation absorption on the reflection coefficient curve is analyzed by using this formula.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：成都理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P631.4

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本文編號：1841199