本文選題：水環(huán)境容量 + 渾太河　； 參考：《河北工程大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：水是生命之源,是社會發(fā)展與人類生活必須的資源。伴隨我國社會經(jīng)濟的飛速發(fā)展,水資源開發(fā)利用量不斷增長,廢污水排放量也不斷增加,由于水體所能容納的污染物總量是有限的,超過一定限度必將導致水體自凈等一系列既定功能的喪失。目前,過量的廢水排入水環(huán)境當中,導致我國多數(shù)河流水質(zhì)無法達標,2011年,在控制河流污染、實行最嚴格水資源管理制度之際,準確界定水環(huán)境容量是合理利用水體自凈能力,科學控制污染物排放總量,有效治理水環(huán)境的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)。渾太河發(fā)源于遼寧省東部,主要由渾河、太子河構(gòu)成,流域面積約2.54萬km2,流經(jīng)遼寧省9市25縣區(qū),是遼寧省重要的工業(yè)、農(nóng)業(yè)及政治文化分布區(qū)。渾太河在保障區(qū)域水資源供給的同時接納了來自撫順、沈陽、本溪和遼陽四個地區(qū)大量的工業(yè)、農(nóng)業(yè)及城鎮(zhèn)生活廢污水,部分河段入河污染物總量超過了該河段水環(huán)境容量,致使渾太河總體水質(zhì)呈現(xiàn)V類水水平,水環(huán)境問題導致多數(shù)水功能區(qū)難以保障功能目標。本文以渾太河為研究區(qū)域,在水功能區(qū)分區(qū)的基礎(chǔ)上,針對渾太河水環(huán)境問題,以及區(qū)域特性,歸納總結(jié)和對比分析國內(nèi)外水環(huán)境容量方法的,耦合線性規(guī)劃法和水動力與水質(zhì)模型計算了渾太河水環(huán)境容量,具體研究內(nèi)容和成果如下:1、在查閱大量國內(nèi)外文獻基礎(chǔ)上,系統(tǒng)總結(jié)歸納了公式法、模型試錯法、線性規(guī)劃法、概率稀釋模型法、盲數(shù)理論法的優(yōu)缺點,使用情況,針對渾太河實際情況,選用線性規(guī)劃法對區(qū)域水環(huán)境容量進行計算。2、在精確剖析渾太河不同空間、不同要素的水質(zhì)評價結(jié)果的基礎(chǔ)上,考慮排污口對控制斷面的關(guān)鍵,創(chuàng)新性的將水動力水質(zhì)模型與線性規(guī)劃法進行耦合計算了研究區(qū)域的水環(huán)境容量。3、基于上述耦合方法,計算得出在設計水文條件下的渾太河COD的水環(huán)境容量為24756t/a,氨氮水環(huán)境容量為1528t/a。4、通過對比上述結(jié)果與渾太河現(xiàn)狀入河排放量和分析渾太河各功能區(qū)水環(huán)境變化對比,驗證渾太河水環(huán)境問題的嚴重性。并對比15年前《流域綜合規(guī)劃》,本研究的COD與氨氮水環(huán)境容量遠小于綜合規(guī)劃計算的相應成果,核心原因是本研究方法基于每個水功能區(qū)內(nèi)排污口分布計算每一個排污口以下河段水環(huán)境容量,而每一個排污口以上河段是該排污口無法利用的水環(huán)境。而本研究更加符合最嚴格水資源管理制度下不再新增入河排污口的管理政策,可為今后流域入河排污總量控制提供科學依據(jù)。也為其流域的水環(huán)境容量研究提供了借鑒。
[Abstract]:Water is the source of life and a necessary resource for social development and human life. With the rapid development of social economy in our country, the amount of water resources development and utilization is increasing, and the discharge of waste water is also increasing, because the total amount of pollutants that water can hold is limited. Over a certain limit will lead to the loss of a series of established functions such as water self-purification. At present, excessive waste water is discharged into the water environment, which results in the water quality of most rivers in our country being unable to meet the standard. In 2011, when controlling river pollution and implementing the strictest water resources management system, the water environment capacity is defined as the ability to reasonably utilize water body self-purification. Scientific control of the total discharge of pollutants, effective control of the water environment key technologies. The Hun Tai River originates in the eastern part of Liaoning Province and is mainly composed of Hunhe River and princeling River. The basin area is about 25400 km ~ 2 and flows through 25 counties of 9 cities in Liaoning Province. It is an important distribution area of industry, agriculture and political culture in Liaoning Province. While ensuring regional water resources supply, the Hun Tai River receives a large amount of industrial, agricultural and urban domestic waste water from four areas, Fushun, Shenyang, Benxi and Liaoyang. The total amount of pollutants in some reaches of the river exceeds the water environmental capacity of the reach. As a result, the overall water quality of the Hun Tai River presents V water level, and the water environment problems lead to the difficulty of ensuring the functional objectives in most water function areas. In this paper, based on the zonation of water function area, aiming at the environmental problems and regional characteristics of Hun Tai River, this paper summarizes and compares the methods of water environment capacity at home and abroad, taking the Hun Tai River as the research area. Coupled linear programming method and hydrodynamic and water quality model are used to calculate the environmental capacity of Huantai River. The specific research contents and results are as follows: 1. On the basis of consulting a large number of domestic and foreign literatures, the formula method, model trial and error method, linear programming method are summarized systematically. The advantages and disadvantages of probabilistic dilution model method and blind number theory method are analyzed. According to the actual situation of Hun Tai River, linear programming method is used to calculate the regional water environment capacity. On the basis of water quality evaluation results of different factors, considering the key of sewage outlet to control section, the hydrodynamic water quality model and linear programming method are innovatively coupled to calculate the water environmental capacity of the studied area. Under the designed hydrological conditions, the water environment capacity of COD and ammonia nitrogen is 24756 t / a and 1528 t / a.4respectively. By comparing the above results with the current discharge amount of Hun Tai River and the analysis of water environment change in various functional areas of the Hun Tai River, Verify the seriousness of the environmental problems in Hun Tai River. Compared with the integrated watershed planning 15 years ago, the environmental capacity of COD and ammonia nitrogen in this study is much smaller than the corresponding results of comprehensive planning calculation. The main reason is that based on the distribution of the sewage outlet in each water function area, the water environmental capacity of the section below each sewage outlet is calculated, and the water environment above each sewage outlet is the unusable water environment. This study is more in line with the management policy of no new drainage outlets under the strictest water resources management system, which can provide scientific basis for the control of the total amount of sewage discharged into the river basin in the future. It also provides reference for the study of the water environmental capacity of the watershed.
【學位授予單位】：河北工程大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X26;X143

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