本文選題：節(jié)理巖體 + 各向異性��； 參考：《北京交通大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：摘要：巖體在其形成與存在的過程中,由于長期經(jīng)受著錯綜復雜的改造和構造兩大地質(zhì)作用,從而生成了各種不同類型、不同規(guī)模的結(jié)構面,如節(jié)理、斷層、片理、層理、裂隙等。受到這些結(jié)構面的交切作用,巖體形成了一種特殊的割裂結(jié)構。由此,含少數(shù)或多數(shù)不均勻分布節(jié)理的巖體在強度方面表現(xiàn)出了各向異性特征,且這種特征不僅受巖體本身的巖石類型控制,最主要的是受巖體中存在的節(jié)理面以及由此產(chǎn)生的巖體結(jié)構所控制。 本文的主要研究內(nèi)容是通過閱讀大量參考文獻資料,分別對節(jié)理巖體的各向異性特征尤其是強度的各向異性特征進行理論分析,并應用3DEC數(shù)值分析方法,從宏觀上研究節(jié)理巖體強度的各向異性特性。在不同節(jié)理傾角的情況下,分別對含有一條節(jié)理、一組節(jié)理、兩條相交節(jié)理、多條相交節(jié)理及在不同圍壓條件下的節(jié)理巖體強度的各向異性特征進行數(shù)值模擬,對節(jié)理面間距不同、節(jié)理面條數(shù)不同的節(jié)理巖體強度的各向異性特性進行研究。本文的主要研究成果歸納如下： (1)節(jié)理面的存在使得巖體的強度表現(xiàn)出顯著的各向異性特征,在不同程度上削弱了節(jié)理巖體的抗壓強度。節(jié)理面的產(chǎn)狀、空間位置分布的不同以及圍壓的作用等對節(jié)理巖體強度的各向異性特征有著不同程度的影響。 (2)節(jié)理的存在使得巖體表現(xiàn)出各向異性特征,且隨著節(jié)理條數(shù)的增加、間距的減小,單組節(jié)理巖體的強度也逐漸變小,各向異性特征越來越明顯。節(jié)理間距越小,巖體強度的減小幅度越大,巖體強度的減小呈現(xiàn)出非線性的變化規(guī)律。 (3)圍壓的存在,使得節(jié)理巖體強度的各向異性特征發(fā)生了改變,隨著圍壓的增大,節(jié)理巖體的強度有所增加,各向異性系數(shù)逐漸減小,各向異性程度減弱,節(jié)理巖體由各向異性向各向同性轉(zhuǎn)化。在有圍壓時,圍壓增大,節(jié)理巖體的強度也會增大,但并不是呈線性關系的,而是在圍壓低時增加較快,圍壓高時增加比較緩慢。 (4)當巖體中含有多條相交節(jié)理時,單軸壓縮時,節(jié)理巖體的強度隨著節(jié)理傾角的變化而變化的幅度較小,曲線比較平緩,各項異性系數(shù)變小。說明當巖體中含有四條或以上的相交節(jié)理時,巖體的各向異性程度并不明顯,可以近似當作各向同性體來對待。但由于節(jié)理的存在及其相互之間的影響,巖體的強度有了很大程度的減小。
[Abstract]:Abstract: in the process of formation and existence of rock mass, because of the complicated geological processes of transformation and structure for a long time, various types and sizes of structural planes, such as joints, faults, microstructures, bedding, have been formed. A crack, etc Due to the intersecting action of these structural planes, the rock mass formed a special split structure. As a result, rock masses with a few or most non-uniformly distributed joints exhibit anisotropic characteristics in terms of strength, and this feature is not only controlled by the rock types of the rock mass itself. The most important is controlled by the existing joints in rock mass and the resulting rock mass structure. The main research content of this paper is to analyze the anisotropic characteristics of jointed rock mass, especially the anisotropic characteristic of strength, by reading a lot of references, and apply the 3DEC numerical analysis method. The anisotropic properties of the strength of jointed rock mass are studied from macroscopic view. In the case of different dip angles of joints, the anisotropic characteristics of the strength of jointed rock mass with one joint, one set of joints, two intersecting joints, multiple intersecting joints and different confining pressures are numerically simulated. The anisotropic properties of rock mass strength with different joint surface spacing and different joints noodle number are studied. The main research results of this paper are summarized as follows: The existence of joint plane makes the strength of rock mass show obvious anisotropic character, which weakens the compressive strength of jointed rock mass to some extent. The occurrence of joint plane, the difference of spatial distribution and the effect of confining pressure have different effects on the anisotropy of the strength of jointed rock mass. (2) the existence of joints makes the rock mass exhibit anisotropic characteristics, and with the increase of the number of joints and the decrease of the spacing, the strength of single jointed rock becomes smaller and the anisotropy becomes more and more obvious. The smaller the joint spacing, the larger the decrease of rock mass strength and the nonlinear variation of rock mass strength. With the increase of confining pressure, the strength of jointed rock mass increases, the anisotropy coefficient decreases and the anisotropy degree weakens. The transformation of jointed rock mass from anisotropy to isotropy. When confining pressure increases, the strength of jointed rock mass increases, but not linearly, but increases more quickly when confining pressure is low, but slowly when confining pressure is high. 4) when there are many intersecting joints in the rock mass, the strength of the jointed rock mass changes with the change of the joint inclination angle, the curve is relatively flat, and the heterogeneity coefficient becomes smaller when uniaxial compression. It is shown that when there are four or more intersecting joints in rock mass, the anisotropy of rock mass is not obvious and can be treated as an isotropic body. However, due to the existence of joints and their mutual influence, the strength of rock mass decreases to a great extent.
【學位授予單位】：北京交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TU45

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