本文選題：琥珀 + 包裹體　； 參考：《中國地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：琥珀是中生代白堊紀(jì)至新生代第三紀(jì)松柏科和豆科植物的樹脂,經(jīng)過復(fù)雜的地質(zhì)作用而石化形成的一種天然有機(jī)混合物,對于相同產(chǎn)地的琥珀而言,其琥珀原石往往具有不同的顏色和透明度,而不同產(chǎn)地的琥珀品種其顏色和透明度的表現(xiàn)差異更是明顯。本文以波羅的海和緬甸琥珀樣品為研究對象,采用常規(guī)的寶石學(xué)測試方法、紅外光譜分析、拉曼光譜分析、紫外—可見分光光度計(jì)分析,剖析不同顏色和透明度琥珀的內(nèi)部包裹體特征、所含C官能團(tuán)種類和特征、所含有機(jī)物分子特征,比較波羅的海琥珀和緬甸琥珀的氧化度、成熟度和對稱性,為琥珀的深入研究提供一定的科學(xué)依據(jù)。波羅的海琥珀形成于前兩千到六千萬年間的古近紀(jì),其顏色以樹脂的原生色黃色為主,透明度從不透明到透明,折射率約為1.54,相對密度約為1.0719。緬甸琥珀形成于前八千到一億年間的白堊紀(jì),其內(nèi)部常含有紅棕色的流淌紋,顏色往往帶棕色調(diào),透明度好,折射率約為1.53,相對密度約為1.0393。兩產(chǎn)地琥珀的外觀分別較大,緬甸琥珀以較深的顏色,較高的透明度和在陽光下較明顯的熒光反應(yīng)可區(qū)分于波羅的海琥珀。波羅的海琥珀顏色和透明度的影響因素主要取決于其內(nèi)部所含的大量密集微小的氣泡包裹體,其氣泡越小越密集其顏色越淺,透明度越低。緬甸琥珀隨著其顏色的不斷加深,在紅外光譜1180~1130cm-1指示C-O伸展波段及近1720cm-1指示C=O(酯類共軛)波段的峰位逐漸加強(qiáng);同時(shí)1650~1600cm-1指示C=C伸展(非共軛)波段隨著顏色的加深,此處峰位由有到無,由強(qiáng)到弱。因此可推斷,緬甸琥珀隨著顏色的加深,其氧化程度和成熟度是不斷升高的。比較波羅的海和緬甸兩地的紅外光譜,1800~1130cm-1指示C-O伸展波段與1755~1720cm-1指示C=O(酯類)波段中,緬甸琥珀所指示的碳骨架信息的對稱程度和共軛穩(wěn)定程度高于波羅的海琥珀。同時(shí)拉曼光譜指示成熟度的N值中,N=0.6786(緬甸)N=0.8060(波羅的海),說明緬甸琥珀的成熟度高于波羅的海琥珀。
[Abstract]:Amber is a natural organic mixture formed from Mesozoic Cretaceous to Cenozoic Tertiary pine cypress and leguminous plants. It is a natural organic mixture formed by complex geological processes, for amber of the same origin. The amber protostones often have different colors and diaphaneity, and the varieties of amber from different producing areas show more obvious differences in color and transparency. In this paper, the samples of the Baltic and Myanmar amber were studied, and the conventional methods of gemology test, infrared spectrum analysis, Raman spectrum analysis, UV-Vis spectrophotometer analysis were used. The internal inclusions of amber of different colors and diaphaneity, the types and characteristics of C-functional groups and the molecular characteristics of organic compounds are analyzed. The oxidation degree, maturity and symmetry of amber in Baltic Sea and Myanmar are compared. It provides a scientific basis for the further study of amber. The Baltic amber was formed in the Paleogene between 2000 and 60 million years ago. Its color is mainly the primary color of resin yellow, transparency from opacity to transparency, refractive index is about 1.54, relative density is about 1.0719. Myanmar Amber was formed in the Cretaceous period between 800 million and 100 million years ago. It often contains red-brown flowing lines with a brown tone and a good transparency, with a refractive index of about 1.53 and a relative density of about 1.0393. The appearance of amber in the two producing areas is larger, and amber in Myanmar is distinguished from the Baltic amber by darker color, higher transparency and more obvious fluorescence reaction in sunlight. The influence factors of the color and transparency of the Baltic amber mainly depend on a large number of dense and tiny bubble inclusions in the Baltic Sea. The smaller the bubbles the lighter the color and the lower the transparency. With the increasing color of amber in Myanmar, the peaks of C-O band indicated by infrared 1180~1130cm-1 and Con O (ester conjugate) band indicated by near 1720cm-1 were gradually strengthened, while 1650~1600cm-1 indicated that C stretch band (non-conjugate) band increased with the increase of color. Here the peak position from having to nothing, from strong to weak. Therefore, it can be inferred that the degree of oxidation and maturity of Myanmar amber increases as the color deepens. Comparing the infrared spectra between the Baltic Sea and Myanmar, the degree of symmetry and conjugation stability of the carbon skeleton information indicated by Amber in Myanmar is higher than that in Baltic Amber. At the same time, the N value of Raman spectrum indicates that the maturity of Myanmar amber is higher than that of Baltic amber.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P619.283

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本文編號：1807756