本文選題：凝析油 + 蠟質油�。� 參考：《中國科學:地球科學》2017年05期

【摘要】：對于發(fā)育多套不同成熟度烴源巖、存在多種類型原油及天然氣的復雜含油氣區(qū),如何準確判斷油氣來源與成因一直是非常困難的事情.準噶爾盆地南緣中部地區(qū)存在正常原油、輕質油、凝析油、蠟質油和稠油,同時也發(fā)現(xiàn)了大量天然氣,長期以來對該地區(qū)凝析油的來源與成因一直存在很大爭議,而對于蠟質油與稠油的形成則幾乎沒有研究.本文以該地區(qū)為研究實例,探討復雜油氣區(qū)凝析油、蠟質油與稠油成因判識地質地球化學方法,揭示該地區(qū)多種類型原油并存的原因與地球化學過程.南緣中部地區(qū)40多個原油、輕質油、凝析油和稠油化學組成及其變化特征精細分析對比表明,該區(qū)凝析油以低碳數(shù)正構烷烴為主,含有豐富的環(huán)己烷、甲基環(huán)己烷等環(huán)烷烴和苯、甲苯、二甲苯等低碳數(shù)芳烴,庚烷值在19~21%,異庚烷值在1.9~2.1,甲苯/正庚烷比值在1.5~2.0之間,其烷烴的分布與高密度蠟質原油和稠油呈鏡像關系.結合該區(qū)原油、凝析油油源及天然氣氣源對比結果認為,該區(qū)凝析油是白堊系湖相烴源巖生成的成熟原油油藏,在后期遭受了侏羅系生成的高成熟天然氣氣侵改造的產物,為蒸發(fā)分餾/相控運移分餾作用形成的凝析油.蠟質油是蒸發(fā)分餾/相控運移分餾作用過程的中間產物或階段產物,稠油是蒸發(fā)/相控運移分餾作用的殘留物.蒸發(fā)/相控運移分餾作用是南緣凝析油、蠟質油、稠油形成的主要成因機理,其導致油藏原油及凝析油的正庚烷、甲基環(huán)己烷、甲苯等輕烴化合物含量發(fā)生很大變化,使凝析油的甲苯/正庚烷等比值具有很大的不確定性.因此,不能依據(jù)凝析油中甲苯/正庚烷與正庚烷/甲基環(huán)己烷比值簡單地套用Thompson圖版判識其成因,而必須從研究區(qū)地質條件、烴源巖成烴演化與生烴歷史、各種類型油氣分子組成與分布特征、不同物理化學性質油氣在縱向及區(qū)域上分布等方面綜合分析判識凝析油的成因.
[Abstract]:For the development of multiple sets of source rocks with different maturity and the existence of complex oil-bearing regions with various types of crude oil and natural gas, it has been very difficult to accurately judge the source and origin of oil and gas. There are normal crude oil, light oil, condensate oil, waxy oil and heavy oil in the central area of the southern margin of Junggar Basin. At the same time, a large amount of natural gas has also been discovered. For a long time, the origin and origin of condensate oil in this area has been very controversial. The formation of waxy oil and heavy oil is hardly studied. In this paper, taking this area as an example, the origin of condensate, waxy oil and heavy oil in complex oil area is discussed, and the reason and geochemical process of the coexistence of various types of crude oil in this area are revealed. The fine analysis and comparison of the chemical composition and variation characteristics of more than 40 crude oil, light oil, condensate oil and heavy oil in the central part of the southern margin show that the condensate oil in this area is dominated by low carbon number n-alkanes and rich in cyclohexane. Low carbon aromatic hydrocarbons such as methylcyclohexane and benzene, toluene, xylene, etc., the heptane number is 1921, the isoheptane number is 1.9 ~ 2.1, and the ratio of toluene to n-heptane is 1.5 ~ 2.0. The distribution of alkanes is mirrored with high density waxy crude oil and heavy oil. Combined with the correlation of crude oil, condensate oil source and natural gas source, it is concluded that the condensate oil is a mature crude oil reservoir generated by lacustrine source rocks of the Cretaceous system, and has been the product of gas invasion and transformation of highly mature natural gas generated by Jurassic system in the late stage. Condensate formed by evaporative fractionation / phase controlled migration fractionation. Wax oil is the intermediate product or stage product of evaporative fractionation / phase controlled migration fractionation process, and heavy oil is the residue of evaporation / phase controlled migration fractionation process. Evaporation / phase-controlled migration fractionation is the main mechanism of formation of condensate, waxy oil and heavy oil in the southern margin, which leads to great changes in the contents of light hydrocarbons such as n-heptane, methylcyclohexane and toluene in crude oil and condensate. The ratio of toluene to n-heptane of condensate oil is uncertain. Therefore, based on the ratio of toluene / n-heptane to n-heptane and n-heptane / methylcyclohexane in condensate oil, we can not simply apply the Thompson chart plate to judge its origin, but must base on the geological conditions, hydrocarbon generation evolution and hydrocarbon generation history of source rock in the study area. The molecular composition and distribution of various types of oil and gas, as well as their physical and chemical properties, the vertical and regional distribution of oil and gas, etc., are comprehensively analyzed to identify the origin of condensate oil.
【作者單位】： 中國石油勘探開發(fā)研究院;提高石油采收率國家重點實驗室;中國石油天然氣集團公司油氣地球化學重點實驗室;中國石油新疆油田公司;浙江大學地球科學系;
【基金】：中國石油天然氣股份有限公司科學研究與技術開發(fā)項目(編號:06-01A-01-02,2011A-0201,2014A-0211,2016A-0202)資助
【分類號】：P618.13

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