本文選題：電磁法 + 梯度測量　； 參考：《儀器儀表學報》2017年04期

【摘要】：梯度測量對提高電磁法勘探的分辨能力和壓制環(huán)境噪聲干擾具有重要意義。通過硬件差分直接測量梯度場和先測量絕對場后經軟件差分計算求取梯度場是實現(xiàn)電磁梯度數(shù)據(jù)獲取的兩種典型方式。給出了這兩種測量方式的具體實現(xiàn)方案,并對測量效果進行了對比分析,探究了誤差來源和壓制方法。研究表明,測量通道的不一致性,尤其是相位差是影響電磁梯度測量準確性的關鍵因素。對于硬件差分直接測量梯度場而言,這種通道不一致引起的誤差難以通過事后校準的方法消除,且誤差大小隨梯度值減小而急劇增加,最終不可用。先測量絕對場后進行軟件差分的方法,可以得到更小的測量誤差,而且通過通道校準后,測量精度得到進一步提高。在不能確保采集通道高度一致的情況下,先測量絕對場再求取梯度場的方式是實現(xiàn)電磁梯度測量的最優(yōu)途徑,該方法還可以同時獲取絕對場以輔助梯度數(shù)據(jù)解釋。該研究成果為電磁梯度系統(tǒng)開發(fā)提供了有益參考。依據(jù)該方法所研制的頻率域電磁場梯度采集系統(tǒng)在江蘇灘涂獲得的實驗結果也證明了該測量方法的優(yōu)越性。
[Abstract]:Gradient measurement is of great significance to improve the resolution of electromagnetic exploration and to suppress noise interference in the environment. It is two typical ways to obtain the electromagnetic gradient data by measuring the gradient field directly by the hardware differential and measuring the absolute field first after the measurement of the absolute field. This gives the concrete realization of the two kinds of measurement methods. The result of the measurement is compared and analyzed, and the error source and the suppression method are explored. The research shows that the inconsistency of the measurement channel, especially the phase difference is the key factor affecting the accuracy of the electromagnetic gradient measurement. For the gradient field of the hardware differential direct measurement, the error caused by this channel inconsistency is difficult to be calibrated afterwards. The method is eliminated, and the size of the error increases sharply with the decrease of the gradient value, and it is not available at last. The method of software difference after measuring the absolute field can get smaller measurement error, and the measurement accuracy is further improved after the channel calibration. The absolute field is measured first when the height of the collection channel can not be ensured. The method of obtaining the gradient field is the best way to realize the measurement of the electromagnetic gradient. The method can also obtain the absolute field at the same time to assist the interpretation of the gradient data. The results provide useful reference for the development of the electromagnetic gradient system. The experimental results obtained by the frequency domain electromagnetic gradient recovery system developed in this method are obtained in the Jiangsu beach. The superiority of the method is also proved.

【作者單位】： 吉林大學地球信息探測儀器教育部重點實驗室;吉林大學儀器科學與電氣工程學院;
【基金】：吉林省重點科技攻關項目(20150204021G X) 國家重大科學儀器設備開發(fā)專項(2011YQ030133)資助
【分類號】：P631.325

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