本文選題：那陵格勒河 + 地下水資源評(píng)價(jià)　； 參考：《吉林大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：那陵格勒河地處柴達(dá)木盆地，為盆地內(nèi)水量豐富、流域面積最廣的一條內(nèi)陸河，其山前沖洪積扇地區(qū)為水資源相對(duì)豐富的地帶，充分利用這些富水地帶開(kāi)展地下水資源的調(diào)蓄運(yùn)用，將會(huì)提高本地區(qū)水資源的供給能力，為生活和生產(chǎn)建設(shè)提供可靠的水資源保障。本文在研究區(qū)自然地理、地質(zhì)與水文地質(zhì)條件分析的基礎(chǔ)上，對(duì)那陵格勒河沖洪積扇作為天然地下水庫(kù)的可行性進(jìn)行了論證，建立了庫(kù)區(qū)的三維非穩(wěn)定流地下水流數(shù)值模型，確定了地下水庫(kù)的特征水面和特征庫(kù)容，模擬預(yù)測(cè)了地下水庫(kù)不同水量開(kāi)發(fā)利用方案的效果。通過(guò)系統(tǒng)研究，得到如下結(jié)論： 1、那陵格勒沖洪積扇是一座天然地下水庫(kù)。地下水庫(kù)的庫(kù)區(qū)含水層厚度較大，顆粒較粗，儲(chǔ)水與給水性較強(qiáng)，，滲透性較好，導(dǎo)水性良好，以孔隙潛水為主，開(kāi)發(fā)利用空間大，地下水溢出帶含水層為多層結(jié)構(gòu)，顆粒變細(xì)，透水性差，相對(duì)隔水；地下水庫(kù)的主要補(bǔ)給來(lái)源為那陵格勒河河水的入滲補(bǔ)給，采用地下水位波動(dòng)法（WTF）計(jì)算研究區(qū)的河流滲漏量，現(xiàn)狀年條件下的河流滲漏量為6.16×108m3/a，補(bǔ)給充沛；地下水庫(kù)庫(kù)區(qū)的開(kāi)采條件良好，有利于地下水資源的開(kāi)發(fā)利用與調(diào)蓄。 2、那陵格勒沖洪積扇地下水庫(kù)的地下水允許開(kāi)采量大。采用VisualMODFlow軟件建立地下水庫(kù)數(shù)值模型并進(jìn)行求解。計(jì)算得出基于生態(tài)因素的地下水允許開(kāi)采量為65×104m3/d：當(dāng)?shù)叵滤_(kāi)采量在65×104m3/d以下時(shí)，蘆葦適宜生長(zhǎng)面積萎縮速率相對(duì)較��；當(dāng)開(kāi)采量超過(guò)此閾值后，地下水的進(jìn)一步增量開(kāi)采將導(dǎo)致蘆葦生長(zhǎng)面積的大幅萎縮。 3、確定了地下水庫(kù)的特征水面與特征庫(kù)容。采用“特征水面”代替通常使用的“特征水位”，提出了新的地下水庫(kù)調(diào)控特征參數(shù)，包括死水面和死庫(kù)容、正常蓄水面和正常調(diào)蓄庫(kù)容、現(xiàn)狀地下水面和已占庫(kù)容及騰空庫(kù)容；進(jìn)一步利用已建立的地下水流數(shù)值模型，分別給出了那陵格勒河地下水庫(kù)的特征水面，計(jì)算出地下水庫(kù)的總庫(kù)容為190.3108m3，死庫(kù)容為159.4108m3，正常調(diào)蓄庫(kù)容為30.9108m3。 4、模擬分析了那陵格勒河沖洪積扇地下水庫(kù)的水資源開(kāi)發(fā)利用方案效果。根據(jù)工業(yè)、農(nóng)牧業(yè)和生活用水的情況，設(shè)定兩種不同的地下水開(kāi)采情景：一是根據(jù)研究區(qū)的地下水需求量進(jìn)行開(kāi)采，二是根據(jù)整個(gè)那陵格勒河流域的地下水需求量進(jìn)行開(kāi)采；按多年平均河流徑流量（13.35108m3/a）以及歷史監(jiān)測(cè)流量重現(xiàn)的條件，分別開(kāi)展了4種地下水開(kāi)發(fā)利用方案的模擬和預(yù)測(cè)，結(jié)果表明：隨著開(kāi)采量的增加，地下水天然排泄量（蒸發(fā)、側(cè)向排泄等）逐漸減少，在一定程度上彌補(bǔ)了地下水人工開(kāi)采量對(duì)地下水均衡的影響，體現(xiàn)出那陵格勒河沖洪積扇地下水庫(kù)具有極強(qiáng)的水量調(diào)節(jié)能力。
[Abstract]:The Naling Gler River is located in the Qaidam Basin. It is a inland river with abundant water content and the widest basin area. The area of the alluvial fan in front of the mountain is a relatively rich area of water resources. Making full use of these rich land zones to carry out the regulation and utilization of groundwater resources will improve the supply capacity of water resources in this area and provide reliable water resources guarantee for daily life and production and construction. Based on the analysis of the natural geography, geology and hydrogeology of the study area, the feasibility of the alluvial fan of the Naling Gelle River as a natural underground reservoir is demonstrated in this paper, and the numerical model of the three-dimensional unsteady flow groundwater flow in the reservoir area is established. The characteristic water surface and characteristic reservoir capacity of underground reservoir are determined, and the effects of different water quantity development and utilization schemes of underground reservoir are simulated and forecasted. Through systematic research, the following conclusions are obtained: 1. The Naling Guller alluvial fan is a natural underground reservoir. In the reservoir area of underground reservoir, the aquifer is thicker, the grain is coarse, the water storage and feed water is stronger, the permeability is better, the permeability is good, the pore phreatic water is dominant, the space for exploitation and utilization is large, the aquifer in the groundwater overflow zone is multi-layer structure, and the particles become finer. The main supply source of the underground reservoir is the infiltration and recharge of the Naling Gelle River, and the leakage of the river in the study area is calculated by the method of groundwater level fluctuation. The leakage of the river is 6.16 脳 10 8 m3 / a in the current year, which is abundant in recharge. The exploitation conditions of underground reservoir area are favorable to the exploitation and storage of groundwater resources. 2, the underground water of Naalinggler alluvial fan underground reservoir is large. The numerical model of underground reservoir is established and solved by VisualMODFlow software. The results show that the allowable exploitation rate of groundwater based on ecological factors is 65 脳 10 ~ 4 m ~ (3 / d): when groundwater exploitation is below 65 脳 104m3/d, the suitable growth area shrinkage rate of Reed is relatively small, and when the extraction amount exceeds this threshold, Further incremental exploitation of groundwater will result in a sharp contraction of Reed growing area. 3. The characteristic water surface and characteristic storage capacity of underground reservoir are determined. In this paper, "characteristic water surface" is used instead of "characteristic water level", and a new characteristic parameter of underground reservoir regulation is put forward, including dead water surface and dead reservoir capacity, normal water storage surface and normal storage capacity. In the present situation, the groundwater surface, the occupied and vacated storage capacity, and the characteristic water surface of the Naalingrad River underground reservoir are given respectively by using the established numerical model of groundwater flow. The total storage capacity of underground reservoir is 190.3108m3, the dead storage capacity is 159.4108m3and the normal storage capacity is 30.9108m3. 4. The effects of water resources exploitation and utilization of the alluvial fan underground reservoir in the Naling Gelle River are simulated and analyzed. According to the situation of industry, agriculture and animal husbandry and domestic water, two different kinds of groundwater exploitation scenarios are set up: one is based on the groundwater demand in the study area, the other is based on the groundwater demand of the whole Nahulingrad river basin; According to the annual average river runoff of 13.35108 m3 / a) and the condition of historical monitoring flow recurrence, the simulation and prediction of four kinds of groundwater exploitation and utilization schemes have been carried out, respectively. The results show that with the increase of exploitation amount, the natural groundwater discharge amount (evaporation, evaporation, The decrease of lateral discharge makes up for the influence of groundwater exploitation on groundwater balance to some extent and shows that the alluvial fan underground reservoir of the Naling Gelle River has a strong capacity of water regulation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：P641.8

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