本文選題：貴州道真新民 + 鋁土礦　； 參考：《昆明理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：鋁土礦是貴州主要礦種之一,集中分布在黔中—黔北地區(qū)。近年來實(shí)施整裝勘查黔北務(wù)正道地區(qū)鋁土礦找礦取得重大突破,相繼探明中大型、超大型鋁土礦礦床10余個(gè),提交各類別資源儲(chǔ)量超7億噸。其中,道真新民鋁土礦床即是近年來探明的大型礦床之一,賦礦層位為中二疊統(tǒng)梁山組,礦體產(chǎn)于中下志留統(tǒng)韓家店組泥巖或上石炭統(tǒng)灰?guī)r侵蝕面之上,礦床成因類型屬于典型的古風(fēng)化殼沉積型礦床。該礦床自2007-2011年實(shí)施預(yù)查-普查-詳查以來,勘查單位主要圍繞礦體(層)空間分布及資源量圈定開展工作,對礦床形成的主要控礦因素、成礦規(guī)律、礦石礦物學(xué)特征、礦層(體)及頂?shù)装鍘r層中元素遷移與富集規(guī)律等方面缺乏系統(tǒng)研究,目前公開發(fā)表的文獻(xiàn)僅有金中國、莫光員(2013)等對新民鋁土礦的成礦地質(zhì)背景、地質(zhì)特征做了初步分析。本論文通過大量的野外地質(zhì)調(diào)查、探槽和鉆孔巖芯詳細(xì)觀察、地表出露含礦巖系追索、系統(tǒng)取樣測試、室內(nèi)資料綜合整理,以期較全面總結(jié)成礦規(guī)律和主要控礦因素,揭示常量元素、微量元素在沉積成巖過程的遷移與富集機(jī)理,建立礦床地質(zhì)地球化學(xué)演化模式,為相鄰區(qū)找礦研究提供示范效果。通過研究獲得以下主要成果及認(rèn)識(shí)：(1)研究區(qū)從寒武系中上統(tǒng)—侏羅系地層發(fā)育完整,其中,中二疊統(tǒng)梁山組是含礦層位。新民礦區(qū)含礦巖系從上到下大致可以劃分為上中下三段,上段為一薄層灰黑色含炭質(zhì)泥巖、頁巖,厚度0.3-1m,是礦層的直接頂板；中段為鋁土礦層,由淺灰色～灰色鋁土礦(巖)組成,厚度0.2-2.5m,是礦體的主要賦存段,礦體呈層狀、似層狀、透鏡狀產(chǎn)出；下段為灰綠色、綠色綠泥石,部分地段為鋁土質(zhì)粘土巖夾含鐵質(zhì)的綠泥巖,是礦層的直接底板。(2)礦區(qū)內(nèi)土狀一半土狀、碎屑狀、鮞狀—豆鮞狀構(gòu)造主要在地表及淺表,深部以致密狀為主,在斷層構(gòu)造發(fā)育區(qū)有土狀—半土狀、碎屑狀構(gòu)造礦石產(chǎn)出。礦石結(jié)構(gòu)主要是豆鮞結(jié)構(gòu)、碎屑結(jié)構(gòu)、微-泥晶結(jié)構(gòu)等�；诘V石結(jié)構(gòu)、構(gòu)造特征并結(jié)合前人研究,將新民鋁土礦礦石分為豆鮞狀鋁土礦、土狀—半土狀鋁土礦、碎屑狀鋁土礦、致密塊狀鋁土礦四種自然類型；礦石中硫含量范圍0.10%～7.00%,均值一般小于0.30%,鐵含量范圍1.20%～26.00%,主要集中在7%～9%,工業(yè)類型屬于低鐵低硫型(占礦石總量的44%)、含鐵低硫型(占總量35.2%)和中鐵低硫型鋁土礦石(占總量的13.7%),三者之和達(dá)93.4%。礦石礦物組成主要以硬水鋁石、軟水鋁石、高嶺石為主,此外有少量伊利石、綠泥石,同時(shí)還有鐵礦物及少量的副礦物石英。(3)地球化學(xué)分析顯示,常量元素組成以Al3O2、SiO2和Fe2O3、TiO2為主,不同礦石樣品之間含量有差異。Al2O3與TiO2呈強(qiáng)正相關(guān)關(guān)系,Al2O3與SiO2、TiO2呈強(qiáng)負(fù)相關(guān)關(guān)系、強(qiáng)正相關(guān)關(guān)系,Al2O3與Fe2O3呈負(fù)相關(guān)。礦石樣品中富集Gd、Li、Be、Sc、V、Cr、Ga等元素,元素Ba、Ni、Sr、Zn略顯富集,Co為貧化元素。Li、Ge和Ga在礦體中富集程度高,富集系數(shù)分別達(dá)36.60、5.97和3.06。含礦巖系不同空間微量元素富集、貧化(虧損)變化規(guī)律明顯,稀土元素在礦層底部最富集,輕重元素間分餾作用強(qiáng),具輕稀土富集特征。礦石中Ce呈正異常,Eu呈負(fù)異常。(4)通過研究穩(wěn)定元素比值、稀土配分模式及Cr-Ni物源指示等,認(rèn)為韓家店組泥巖為新民鋁土礦提供了主要物源。通過探討鋁土礦形成的沉積演化過程及其過程中地球化學(xué)元素的活動(dòng)規(guī)律,建立了地質(zhì)地球化學(xué)演化模式,即韓家店泥巖(母巖)→鋁土巖(中間產(chǎn)物)→鋁土礦的形成。
[Abstract]:Bauxite is one of the main minerals in Guizhou, which is concentrated in Central Guizhou and North Guizhou. In recent years, a great breakthrough has been made in the exploration of bauxite ore prospecting in the area of Guizhou north railway in recent years. More than 10 super large bauxite ore deposits have been explored in succession, and more than 700 million tons of resources have been submitted to various types of bauxite deposits. One of the large ore deposits in Ming Dynasty, the ore bearing stratum is the middle two series of Liangshan formation, the ore body is on the middle and Lower Silurian hsijia group mudstone or the upper Carboniferous limestone erosion surface, the genesis type belongs to the typical paleo weathering crust deposit. Since 2007-2011 years, the exploration unit is mainly around the ore body (layer). There is a lack of systematic research on the main factors of ore control, metallogenic regularity, ore mineralogical characteristics, the migration and enrichment of elements in the strata (body) and the top and floor rock strata, and the only published literature at present is the gold China, Moguang (2013) and other metallogenic geological backs of Xinmin bauxite. This paper makes a preliminary analysis of the geological characteristics. In this paper, through a large number of field geological survey, exploration trough and borehole core detailed observation, the ground surface reveals ore bearing rock series, system sampling test, indoor data comprehensive arrangement, in order to comprehensively summarize the metallogenic regularity and main ore control factors, reveal the constant elements, trace elements in the sedimentary process of diagenesis. The mechanism of migration and enrichment and the establishment of geological and geochemical evolution model of ore deposits provide a demonstration effect for ore prospecting in adjacent areas. Through the study, the following main achievements and understanding are obtained: (1) the study area has developed completely from the middle and Upper Jurassic strata of the Cambrian system, of which the middle two stack Liangshan formation is a ore bearing stratum. The lower middle and middle three sections can be roughly divided, the upper part is a thin layer of gray black carbonaceous mudstone, the shale and the thickness 0.3-1m, the direct roof of the ore layer, the middle section of the bauxite layer and the light gray to gray bauxite (rock), the thickness of 0.2-2.5m, the main deposit section of the ore body, the ore body is layered, like lamellar, lenticular output, and the lower part is gray green. The green chlorite, in part, is the iron bearing green mudstone sandwiched in the Al clay rock and the direct floor of the ore layer. (2) the soil shape, clastic shape, oolitic and oolitic structure in the mining area are mainly in the surface and shallow surface, the deep part is dense, and in the fault tectonic zone, there are soil like semi soil shape, and the detrital structure ore output. Ore node. The main structure is the pea oolitic structure, detrital structure and micro muddy crystal structure. Based on the ore structure, structural characteristics and previous studies, Xinmin bauxite ore is divided into four types of natural types: pea oolitic bauxite, soil like semi soil bauxite, clastic bauxite and dense massive bauxite. The range of sulphur content in ore is 0.10% to 7%. Less than 0.30%, iron content range from 1.20% to 26%, mainly concentrated in 7% ~ 9%, industrial type belongs to low iron and low sulfur type (44% of the total ore), iron low sulfur type (accounting for 35.2%) and medium iron low sulfur bauxite ore (accounting for 13.7% of the total amount), three and 93.4%. ore deposits are mainly composed of hard diaspore, soft diaspore and kaolinite. There are a small amount of illite and chlorite, as well as iron minerals and a small amount of accessory mineral quartz. (3) geochemical analysis shows that the composition of the constant elements is Al3O2, SiO2, Fe2O3, TiO2, and there is a strong positive correlation between.Al2O3 and TiO2 in the different ore samples, and the strong negative correlation between Al2O3 and SiO2 and TiO2, strong positive correlation, Al2O3 and Fe. 2O3 is negatively correlated. The ore samples are enriched with Gd, Li, Be, Sc, V, Cr, Ga and other elements. The elements are enriched in Ba, Ni, Sr, and are enriched in the ore body, and the enrichment coefficient is enriched with different spatial trace elements in the ore bearing rock series, and the variation of dilution (loss) is obvious, and the rare earth elements are the most in the bottom of the ore layer. Enrichment, heavy fractionation between light and heavy elements, rich in light rare-earth enrichment. Ce is positive anomalies in the ore and negative anomalies in Eu. (4) through the study of the ratio of stable elements, the distribution pattern of rare earth and the indication of Cr-Ni source, it is considered that the mudstone of the Han Jia Jie formation provides the main source of material for Xinmin bauxite. In the course of the activity of geochemical elements in the process, the geological and geochemical evolution model has been established, that is, the formation of the Han Jia store mudstone (the parent rock), the bauxite (intermediate product) and bauxite.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：昆明理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：P618.45

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