本文選題：偉晶巖型鋰鈹?shù)V + 礦床地質(zhì)特征　； 參考：《成都理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：前人對(duì)川西偉晶巖型稀有金屬礦的研究主要集中于可爾因、甲基卡等地,近年來(lái),隨著九龍縣打槍溝礦區(qū)地質(zhì)勘查工作的不斷投入,取得了良好的找礦效果,但綜合研究資料極為匱乏。因此我們有必要對(duì)其礦床地質(zhì)特征、成礦來(lái)源和成礦作用進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)的研究,探討礦床成因模式,為指導(dǎo)礦床深部和區(qū)域稀有金屬找礦提供基礎(chǔ)理論依據(jù)。本文通過(guò)大量搜集文獻(xiàn)資料,并開(kāi)展詳細(xì)的野外地質(zhì)觀察和室內(nèi)的礦床學(xué)、礦物學(xué)以及地球化學(xué)、流體包裹體等方面的研究,首次較為系統(tǒng)的分析了打槍溝礦床地質(zhì)特征,初步建立了該礦床偉晶巖型稀有金屬礦成礦模式,評(píng)價(jià)礦床與地區(qū)偉晶巖找礦潛力,得出以下幾點(diǎn)認(rèn)識(shí):1)礦區(qū)內(nèi)偉晶巖脈圍巖為石英閃長(zhǎng)巖和石英片巖,巖脈的產(chǎn)出形態(tài)和密集程度顯著受控于九龍向斜,并充填于其軸部的一系列裂隙節(jié)理中;從區(qū)域上看,偉晶巖類型有微斜長(zhǎng)石偉晶巖、微斜長(zhǎng)石-鈉長(zhǎng)石偉晶巖、鈉長(zhǎng)石偉晶巖及鈉長(zhǎng)石-鋰輝石偉晶巖,并呈現(xiàn)以二云母巖體為中心典型帶狀空間分布的特點(diǎn),礦區(qū)處在以鈉長(zhǎng)石-鋰輝石偉晶巖為主的C帶。2)礦區(qū)鋰礦體主要賦存于鈉長(zhǎng)石-鋰輝石偉晶巖脈中,伴生鈹、鈮、鉭、銣、錫,以Ⅰ-1礦體最為典型,基本全脈礦化,與偉晶巖脈產(chǎn)狀一致;礦石礦物以鋰輝石、鋰云母、綠柱石、鈮鉭鐵礦、錫石為主,結(jié)構(gòu)以粒狀、交代結(jié)構(gòu)為主,構(gòu)造主要為塊狀、浸染狀為主;礦(脈)體自交代作用強(qiáng)烈,常見(jiàn)電氣石化、白(鋰)云母化、鈉長(zhǎng)石化、云英巖化等,并體現(xiàn)了K-Na-Li的交代系列。3)通過(guò)對(duì)比研究區(qū)內(nèi)巖體與偉晶巖的主、微量、稀土等地球化學(xué)特征表明:自正長(zhǎng)巖-石英閃長(zhǎng)巖-二云母花崗巖體-二云母花崗巖脈-偉晶巖脈,巖漿愈向富硅、富堿(鈉代替鉀)、富稀有元素、富揮發(fā)分,而貧稀土總量、鈣、鐵、鎂(鐵代替鎂)的方向演化,稀土元素球粒隕石標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化分布曲線都為輕稀土富集右傾型,且變化趨勢(shì)基本一致等特點(diǎn),都相互驗(yàn)證和體現(xiàn)了同源巖漿分異,逐步演化程度變高的結(jié)晶分異過(guò)程。4)打槍溝礦區(qū)含礦偉晶巖的流體包裹體具有中低溫、低壓、中低鹽度、形成深度較淺的特點(diǎn),而流體成分富含揮發(fā)分和Na+,打槍溝礦床包裹體特征屬于熱液階段包裹體特征,與偉晶巖熔融體的熱液交代作用密切相關(guān)。5)礦床成礦物質(zhì)來(lái)源于二云母花崗巖,為松潘-甘孜造山帶兩期構(gòu)造運(yùn)動(dòng)引起的巖漿活動(dòng)多期次結(jié)晶分異的產(chǎn)物,其殘余熔漿富揮發(fā)分、堿質(zhì)和稀有元素,向外遷移以結(jié)晶分異作用為主導(dǎo),并在殘余熔漿的自交代作用下在遠(yuǎn)離巖體的褶皺軸部圍巖中發(fā)生稀有金屬礦化。因此,打槍溝礦床的成因模式為巖漿結(jié)晶分異和熱液交代成因。6)偉晶巖與巖體(脈)、構(gòu)造的關(guān)系,其交代蝕變、地球物理、地球化學(xué)、特征礦物等特征可作為找礦標(biāo)志。礦區(qū)中部、南部的找礦潛力大;九龍地區(qū)西部、打槍溝礦區(qū)西側(cè)的花崗巖體內(nèi)外接觸帶以及蘭尼巴巖體以北的區(qū)域具有找礦前景。
[Abstract]:Previous studies of pegmatite rare metal deposits in western Sichuan are mainly focused on Kerin, methylka and other places. In recent years, with the continuous investment of geological exploration work in Taijianggou mining area of Jiulong County, good prospecting results have been achieved.However, comprehensive research data is extremely scarce.Therefore, it is necessary for us to make a systematic study on the geological characteristics, metallogenic sources and metallogenic processes of the ore deposits, and to discuss the genetic model of the deposits, so as to provide a basic theoretical basis for guiding the prospecting of the deep and regional rare metals of the deposits.In this paper, the geological characteristics of the Daganggou deposit are analyzed systematically for the first time by collecting a large amount of literature, and carrying out detailed field geological observation and laboratory studies of ore deposit, mineralogy, geochemistry, fluid inclusion, and so on.The ore-forming model of pegmatite type rare metal ore is established, and the prospecting potential of pegmatite in ore deposit and area is evaluated. It is concluded that the surrounding rock of pegmatite vein in the deposit is quartz diorite and quartz schist.The formation and density of the veins are significantly controlled by the Jiulong syncline and filled in a series of fracture joints at its axis. Regionally, pegmatite types include microplagioclase pegmatite, microplagioclase albite pegmatite,Albite pegmatite and albite spodumene pegmatite show typical zonal spatial distribution in the center of dimicite.The ore area is located in the C zone mainly composed of albite and spodumene pegmatite. 2) the Lithium orebody in the ore area mainly occurs in the albite spodumene pegmatite vein, accompanied by beryllium, niobium, tantalum, rubidium, tin, and I 1 orebody.The ore minerals are spodumene, spodumite, Beryl, niobium-tantalite, cassiterite, granular structure, metasomatic structure, block structure and disseminated structure.Common electrical petrifaction, white (lithium) mica, albite, quartz, etc., and reflect K-Na-Li 's metasomatism series. 3) through comparative study of the main and trace of rock mass and pegmatite in the area,The geochemical characteristics of rare earth elements indicate that since syenite, quartz diorite, dimite granite body, bimica granite vein and pegmatite vein, magma is rich in silicon, alkali (sodium instead of potassium, rich in rare elements, rich in volatile matter), and poor in total rare earth,The evolution of calcium, iron and magnesium (instead of magnesium), the normalized distribution curve of chondrites of rare earth elements are all light rare earth enriched right-dip type, and the variation trend is basically the same, all of them verify and embody the homologous magmatic differentiation.The fluid inclusions of pegmatite in Daganggou mining area have the characteristics of medium and low temperature, low pressure, low salinity and shallow formation depth, while the fluid composition is rich in volatilization and Na, while the fluid composition is rich in volatiles and Na, while the fluid inclusions are characterized by low temperature, low pressure and low salinity, and the fluid composition is rich in volatiles and Na.The characteristics of inclusions in Daganggou deposit belong to the characteristics of inclusions in hydrothermal stage, which are closely related to the hydrothermal metasomatism of pegmatite melts. 5) the ore-forming materials of the deposit are derived from dimicite granites.It is the product of multi-stage crystallization differentiation of magmatic activity caused by the two-stage tectonic movement of Songpan-Ganzi orogenic belt. The residual melts are rich in volatile, alkali and rare elements, and their outward migration is dominated by crystallization differentiation.The rare metal mineralization occurs in the surrounding rock of the fold axis far away from the rock mass under the self-metasomatism of the residual slurry.Therefore, the genetic model of the Daganggou deposit is magmatic crystallization differentiation and hydrothermal metasomatism. 6) the relationship between pegmatite and rock mass (vein, structure, metasomatic alteration, geophysics, geochemistry, characteristic minerals, etc.) can be used as a prospecting marker.The prospecting potential is great in the middle and south of the mining area, and in the west of Jiulong area, the inner and outer contact zone of granite in the west of Taganggou mining area and the area north of Laniba rock body.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：成都理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：P618.7

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