本文選題：中路溝泥石流 + 組合賦權　； 參考：《成都理工大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：在對山區(qū)進行開發(fā)建設時,常會碰到一種特殊的地質災害——泥石流。運動時攜帶許多泥沙和石塊,當它發(fā)生的時候,對其危險范圍內的物體構成極大的破壞力,因為其運動的時候能量巨大,速度飛快。我國西南山區(qū)山高地陡,水電工程常在這種高山峽谷的地方修建,由于受地形的限制,壩址附近能夠利用的場地非常少,然而水電站建設過程中卻需要很多空置的場地用來布置各類建筑設施和安置水電人員。因此,常利用近壩區(qū)附近的泥石流溝口布置場地和安置水電人員。本文以瀾滄江托巴水電站中路溝泥石流為研究對象,通過野外現(xiàn)場調查結合遙感影像圖,對其形成條件和流域特征進行了分析,對其物源進行了詳細調查,輔助Arcgis、Autocad等軟件,采用了組合賦權的模糊綜合評判法對中路溝泥石流進行危險性評價,并結合劉希林評價模型進行評價分析。采用FLO-2D對中路溝泥石流進行模擬分析,模擬4種不同頻率下泥石流運動的情形,從而可得中路溝泥石流的泥深、速度、面積以及方量。然后建立中路溝泥石流危險性等級劃分標準,得到中路溝泥石流危險分區(qū)圖,最后對中路溝提出防治建議。本論文從下面四個方面進行研究:(1)對中路溝進行了非常詳細的野外調查來分析中路泥石流溝發(fā)育背景。(2)對中路溝泥石流的形成條件進行了分析,研究區(qū)地形總體上屬侵蝕中高山地貌,溝谷兩側斜坡地形坡度較陡,植被覆蓋率中等,物源方面根據(jù)野外詳細調查和遙感影像圖,統(tǒng)計了溝內物源類型和數(shù)量,然后對中路溝的流域特征開展仔細的描述,通過現(xiàn)場顆粒分析實驗,得到堆積扇的粒度組成情況,繪制顆粒百分含量曲線圖和百分含量直方圖,從而求得土粒分布特征參數(shù)和粒徑分布情況。根據(jù)現(xiàn)場走訪,對中路溝泥石流的活動歷史進行了訪問,并對其發(fā)展趨勢做了分析。(3)依據(jù)現(xiàn)場實地調查情況并結合1:50000地形圖,來對中路溝泥石流一些參數(shù)如主溝長度、平均縱坡降、高程等進行獲得。采用組合賦權的模糊綜合評判法對中路溝泥石流進行危險性評價,主要從泥石流災害歷史、地形地貌、氣象水文、人類活動等方面選取評價因子,共選取了10個評價因子,經計算得出的結果為中度危險,并結合劉希林評價模型進行分析評價。(4)為了能夠更加直觀的反映中路溝泥石流的危險性,采用FLO-2D數(shù)值軟件模擬不同降雨頻率下(P=0.5%,P=1%,P=2%,P=5%)的沖出規(guī)模,運動速度,堆積深度。然后對已暴發(fā)的20年一遇數(shù)值模擬結果分別從準確度和精確度分析,表明模擬效果很好。建立中路溝泥石流危險性等級劃分標準,得出4種重現(xiàn)周期的泥石流危險分區(qū)圖。針對中路溝泥石流以上研究成果,對中路溝泥石流提出防治建議。
[Abstract]:In the development and construction of mountainous areas, a special geological hazard-debris flow is often encountered.When moving with a lot of sand and rocks, when it occurs, it constitutes a great deal of damage to the object in its dangerous range, because it moves with great energy and fast speed.The mountains are steep in the southwest of China, and hydropower projects are often built in such high mountain canyons. Due to the limitation of the topography, there are very few sites near the dam site that can be used.However, in the process of hydropower station construction, many vacant sites are needed to arrange all kinds of construction facilities and hydropower personnel.Therefore, the debris flow near the dam area is often used to arrange the site and the hydropower personnel.In this paper, the debris flow along the middle road of Toba Hydropower Station in Lancang River is taken as the research object. Through field investigation and remote sensing image map, the formation conditions and basin characteristics are analyzed, and the source of the debris flow is investigated in detail to assist the software such as Arcgis-Autocad, etc.The fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method of combined weight is used to evaluate the risk of debris flow in the middle channel, and the evaluation model of Liu Xilin is used to evaluate and analyze the risk.The mud depth, velocity, area and volume of debris flow in the middle channel debris flow can be obtained by using FLO-2D to simulate the debris flow movement under four different frequencies.Then the risk classification standard of middle channel debris flow is established, and the risk zoning map of middle road gully debris flow is obtained. Finally, the prevention and cure suggestions are put forward to the middle road gully.This paper has carried on the research from the following four aspects: 1) has carried on the very detailed field investigation to the middle road ditch to analyze the middle road debris flow gully development background. 2) has carried on the analysis to the middle road channel debris flow formation condition.The topography of the study area generally belongs to the erosive middle alpine landform, the slope slope on both sides of the gully is steep, the vegetation coverage is medium. According to the detailed investigation in the field and the remote sensing image map, the type and quantity of the material source in the gully are counted.Then the watershed characteristics of Zhongluogou are carefully described. Through the field particle analysis experiments, the particle size composition of the accumulative fan is obtained, and the particle percent content curve and the percentage content histogram are drawn.The characteristic parameters and particle size distribution of soil particles are obtained.According to the site visit, the activity history of the debris flow in the middle channel is visited, and its development trend is analyzed. (3) based on the field investigation and combining with the 1: 50000 topographic map, some parameters such as the length of the main ditch of the debris flow in the middle road are analyzed.Average vertical gradient, elevation, etc.The risk assessment of debris flow in middle channel is carried out by using the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method with combined weight. The evaluation factors are selected from the aspects of debris flow disaster history, landform, meteorology and hydrology, human activities and so on. A total of 10 evaluation factors are selected.In order to reflect more intuitively the risk of debris flow in the middle channel, the FLO-2D numerical software was used to simulate the scale of rushing out by using FLO-2D numerical software to simulate the different rainfall frequency.Speed of movement, depth of accumulation.Then, the accuracy and accuracy of the numerical simulation results are analyzed, which show that the simulation effect is very good.The classification standard of debris flow hazard grade in middle road gully was established, and four hazard zoning maps of debris flow with recurrence period were obtained.In view of the above research results of middle channel debris flow, the prevention and cure suggestions are put forward for middle road gully debris flow.
【學位授予單位】：成都理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：P642.23

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