本文選題：斜硅石　切入點(diǎn)：二氧化硅　出處：《礦物學(xué)報(bào)》2017年Z1期

【摘要】：斜硅石(moganite)是1999年才在國(guó)際上被正式承認(rèn)為二氧化硅的新礦物種類(lèi),科學(xué)家們對(duì)其的研究還不深入。本文綜述了斜硅石的晶體結(jié)構(gòu)、高溫?zé)崃W(xué)行為、物理化學(xué)性質(zhì)以及理論計(jì)算的研究現(xiàn)狀。同時(shí),結(jié)合當(dāng)前研究進(jìn)展,討論了斜硅石研究中亟待解決的關(guān)鍵科學(xué)問(wèn)題,并且闡述了斜硅石研究的重大科學(xué)意義。斜硅石廣泛存在于石英共生礦物中,目前純相斜硅石還沒(méi)有被發(fā)現(xiàn)。斜硅石有較高的含水量(約2%~4%),主要以自由水和羥基的形式存在,特別地,羥基以缺陷的形式存在于斜硅石晶格中。在高溫?zé)嵝袨榉矫?斜硅石在570 K發(fā)生I2/a—Imab的可逆結(jié)構(gòu)相變,類(lèi)似石英中由軟模驅(qū)動(dòng)的α-β位移型相變,然而,由于目前缺少直接的實(shí)驗(yàn)證據(jù)支撐,其相變機(jī)理仍懸而未決,對(duì)于斜硅石在二氧化硅相圖中的位置仍不明確。地質(zhì)學(xué)上,斜硅石被認(rèn)為是礦物在蒸發(fā)環(huán)境下結(jié)晶的證據(jù),在成巖過(guò)程中具有十分重要的作用。盡管斜硅石在眾多二氧化硅礦物中均被發(fā)現(xiàn),但對(duì)于斜硅石在其結(jié)構(gòu)演化中的關(guān)鍵作用仍不清楚,認(rèn)識(shí)斜硅石在這些地質(zhì)過(guò)程中的科學(xué)價(jià)值,需要了解其高溫、高壓特性和穩(wěn)定性,而該方面的研究有待深入開(kāi)展。
[Abstract]:Orthosilicate is a new type of mineral that was officially recognized as silica in 1999, and scientists have not studied it in depth.In this paper, the crystal structure, high temperature thermodynamic behavior, physical and chemical properties and theoretical calculation of orthosilicate are reviewed.At the same time, combined with the current research progress, the key scientific problems that need to be solved urgently in the research of orthosilicate are discussed, and the great scientific significance of the study of orthosilicate is expounded.Orthoclase is widely found in quartz symbiotic minerals.Orthoclase has high water content (about 2%), mainly in the form of free water and hydroxyl groups, especially in the form of defects in the lattice of orthosilicate.In the aspect of high temperature thermal behavior, the reversible structural phase transition of I2/a-Imab occurs at 570K, which is similar to the 偽-尾 displacement phase transition driven by soft mode in quartz. However, due to the lack of direct experimental evidence at present, the mechanism of the phase transition is still unresolved.The position of orthosilicate in the silica phase diagram is still unclear.Geologically, orthosilicate is considered as evidence of mineral crystallization in evaporative environment and plays an important role in diagenesis.Although orthosilicate has been found in many silica minerals, its key role in structural evolution is still unclear. Understanding the scientific value of orthosilicate in these geological processes requires understanding its high temperature.High pressure characteristics and stability, but this aspect of research needs to be further developed.
【作者單位】： 西安交通大學(xué)前沿科學(xué)技術(shù)學(xué)院;西安交通大學(xué)電子與信息工程學(xué)院;西安交通大學(xué)理學(xué)院;中國(guó)工程物理研究院材料研究所;
【基金】：國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(編號(hào):41372055) 中國(guó)工程物理研究院材料研究所特聘基金(編號(hào):TP201601-01)
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：P578.4
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本文編號(hào)：1730558