本文選題：危巖體　切入點：穩(wěn)定性　出處：《西南交通大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：康定縣孔玉鄉(xiāng)寸達(dá)河壩后山危巖帶位于康定縣孔玉鄉(xiāng)政府后山,該危巖區(qū)裂隙發(fā)育、巖體完整性較差。近兩年受2013年4.20蘆山地震和強降雨影響,崩塌區(qū)危巖體變形加劇,表層多有危巖體脫離母巖而發(fā)生崩落,對坡下孔玉鄉(xiāng)政府所在地的人民生命財產(chǎn)安全和過往車輛都構(gòu)成嚴(yán)重威脅。本文在掌握研究區(qū)地下水、風(fēng)化卸荷、地層巖性、地形地貌等地質(zhì)條件的基礎(chǔ)上,全面查明了危巖體空間分布及可能的失穩(wěn)模式和分類,對不同的危巖體進(jìn)行了穩(wěn)定性分析以及危巖可能崩塌后各階段運動特征計算,最終提出了針對性的工程治理措施。本文的主要研究成果如下:(1)研究區(qū)巖性為白云巖,節(jié)理較發(fā)育,且坡度陡峭,有利于崩塌落石發(fā)育。通過對影響危巖崩塌發(fā)育的因素分析,總結(jié)出研究區(qū)危巖發(fā)生崩塌落石的主要因素有如下兩類。內(nèi)在因素主要包括:研究區(qū)地形地貌和巖體自身巖性及結(jié)構(gòu);外在因素主要包括:降雨和地下水作用、地震作用、風(fēng)化作用、重力作用、人類活動和植物根劈等。(2)根據(jù)大量的現(xiàn)場勘察資料,結(jié)合國內(nèi)外對危巖失穩(wěn)模式的分類,將研究區(qū)的危巖失穩(wěn)分為三種模式:滑移式、傾倒式和墜落式。分別對三種失穩(wěn)模式下的危巖體利用赤平投影對其穩(wěn)定性進(jìn)行定性分析,然后建立模型,通過定量計算進(jìn)行其穩(wěn)定性分析。(3)采用離散元分析軟件UDEC模擬分析不同裂隙水壓力作用下危巖的穩(wěn)定性情況。通過對不同高度裂隙水的控制模擬,可以得知裂隙水對危巖體產(chǎn)生擠壓破壞,使得危巖裂隙不斷擴張;在強降雨或暴雨作用下,因為裂隙水壓力增大,使危巖體裂隙法向壓力不斷增大,所以危巖結(jié)構(gòu)面不斷擴張,最后導(dǎo)致崩塌落石。(4)引用前輩學(xué)者們對崩塌落石運動過程的研究分析,判斷出研究區(qū)危巖崩落后各個運動階段的特征。根據(jù)現(xiàn)場存留的一些落石運動痕跡,結(jié)合研究資料,推測出研究區(qū)以往發(fā)生崩塌落石的運動軌跡和運動特征,然后運用Rockfall軟件對研究區(qū)落石的運動軌跡和特征進(jìn)行反演模擬計算,其計算結(jié)果可以為之后的防治措施提供針對性的基礎(chǔ)力學(xué)參數(shù)。(5)在對已有危巖崩塌各類防治措施及其適用性進(jìn)行總結(jié)的基礎(chǔ)上,根據(jù)研究區(qū)危巖體空間分布、可能崩落路徑的地形地貌特征,結(jié)合崩塌落石運動特征和保護對象位置,針對危巖帶I W1的嚴(yán)重性和危害性較大建議采用主動防治措施,其他危巖體進(jìn)行被動防護。
[Abstract]:The Houshan dangerous rock belt of Cunda River Dam in Kongyu Township of Kangding County is located in Houshan Mountain of Kongyu Township Government in Kangding County. The fissure in this dangerous rock area is developed and the integrity of rock mass is poor.Affected by the Lushan earthquake of 4.20 2013 and heavy rainfall in recent two years, the deformation of dangerous rock mass in the collapse area is aggravated, and most of the dangerous rock mass in the surface surface caving away from the parent rock.It poses a serious threat to the people's lives, property and vehicles in the government seat of Kongyu Township.On the basis of mastering the geological conditions such as groundwater, weathering unloading, stratigraphic lithology, landform and geomorphology in the study area, the spatial distribution of dangerous rock mass and its possible instability model and classification are found out in this paper.The stability analysis of different dangerous rock mass and the calculation of the movement characteristics of each stage after the possible collapse of the dangerous rock mass are carried out. Finally, the corresponding engineering treatment measures are put forward.The main research results of this paper are as follows: (1) the lithology of the study area is dolomite, the joints are relatively developed, and the slope is steep, which is conducive to the development of collapse and falling stone.Based on the analysis of the factors affecting the development of dangerous rock collapse, the main factors of collapse and falling of dangerous rock in the study area are summarized as follows.Internal factors mainly include: topography, geomorphology and rock mass lithology and structure in the study area; external factors mainly include: rainfall and groundwater, earthquake, weathering, gravity,Based on a large number of field survey data and the classification of unstable models of dangerous rock at home and abroad, the unstable rock instability in the study area can be divided into three types: slip type, toppling type and falling type.The stability of dangerous rock mass under three unstable modes is analyzed qualitatively by using stereographic projection, and then the model is established.The stability of dangerous rock under different fissure water pressure is simulated by using discrete element analysis software UDEC.By controlling and simulating the fractured water at different heights, it can be known that the fractured water produces compressive damage to the dangerous rock mass, which causes the crack to expand continuously, and under the action of heavy rainfall or rainstorm, the pressure of the fissure water increases.The normal pressure of fracture in dangerous rock is increasing constantly, so the structure plane of dangerous rock is expanding, which leads to the collapse and falling stone. 4) citing the previous scholars' research and analysis on the process of collapse and falling stone,The characteristics of dangerous rock avalanche lagging behind each movement stage in the study area are judged.On the basis of some trace of rock falling movement left in the field, combined with the research data, we infer the movement track and motion characteristics of the rock collapse in the past in the study area.Then the motion trajectory and characteristics of rock fall in the study area are simulated by using Rockfall software.The calculated results can provide the relevant basic mechanics parameters for the prevention and control measures. On the basis of summarizing the various prevention measures and their applicability of the existing dangerous rock collapse, according to the spatial distribution of the dangerous rock mass in the study area,According to the topographic and geomorphological characteristics of the possible caving path, combined with the movement characteristics of the collapse and falling rock and the location of the protected objects, active prevention measures should be adopted in view of the severity and harmfulness of IW1 in the dangerous rock zone, and other dangerous rock masses should be passively protected.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：P642.21

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