本文選題：槽波　切入點：頻散分析　出處：《中國地質大學(北京)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：煤炭是我國的重要能源。現(xiàn)階段,我國經(jīng)濟處于快速發(fā)展時期。這造成對煤炭的需求度大幅度提高。為了滿足煤田需求,煤炭開采規(guī)模也呈現(xiàn)擴大趨勢。我國大型煤田地質構造復雜,煤層中存在不同尺度的地質異常體。在煤田開采過程中,煤層中的地質異常體如果不能探明,會造成開采過程中的安全事故,危機作業(yè)人員生命安全,造成巨大經(jīng)濟損失。因此,探明工區(qū)內的地質情況是順利進行開采工作重要環(huán)節(jié)。槽波地震勘探技術(ISS)能夠有效探測煤層中存在的局部小構造、異常體及煤層厚度變化情況。通過層析成像技術能夠重現(xiàn)地下地質構造情況,能夠有效指導煤田井下煤炭開采工作。本文詳細分析槽波地震勘探技術的國內外研究情況,詳細闡述了槽波的基本理論,包括槽波的形成機理、槽波的分類及探方法方面。頻散是槽波的最大特點。通過對槽波相速度和群速度的認識,進一步理解槽波的頻散特性,得到群速度和相速度的頻散方程表達式。埃里震相是頻散曲線上的極值點,具有較強的能量和較高的頻率。不同因素對槽波頻散的影響程度不同,其中,煤層厚度變化具有明顯影響。移動時窗法和相位差法是兩種頻散分析的方法。層析成像技術主要應用在槽波透射法。本文闡述了代數(shù)迭代法(ART)和瞬時迭代法的算法(SIRT),并分析兩種方法的優(yōu)缺點。基于以上理論分析,本文對河北冀中能源股份有限公司東龐礦2111工作面進行實際工區(qū)數(shù)據(jù)采集,利用自主研發(fā)的SCT槽波地震數(shù)據(jù)處理軟件進行室內資料處理解釋,運用移動時窗法對Love型槽波進行頻散分析,采用SIRT法進行層析成像反演,得到工區(qū)層析成像結果,說明工區(qū)內存在三個高速異常區(qū),驗證工區(qū)內存在的兩個斷層,并推測另一個高速異常區(qū)是假頻造成的。本文認為槽波地震勘探中Rayleigh型槽波的應用,槽波對地質異常體尺寸的確定,槽波地震采集儀器設備的研發(fā)是今后槽波研究的熱點問題。
[Abstract]:Coal is an important energy source in China.At this stage, China's economy is in a period of rapid development.This resulted in a substantial increase in the demand for coal.In order to meet the demand of coal field, the scale of coal mining is also increasing.The geological structure of large coalfield in China is complex and there are geological anomalies of different scales in coal seam.In the process of coal mining, if the geological abnormal body in coal seam can not be proved, it will cause the safety accident in the mining process, the safety of the personnel in crisis operation, and cause huge economic losses.Therefore, the geological conditions in the area is an important link in the successful mining work.Groove-wave seismic exploration technique (ISS) can effectively detect the variation of local small structures, abnormal bodies and coal seam thickness in coal seams.The underground geological structure can be reproduced by tomography, and the coal mining work can be effectively guided.In this paper, the domestic and foreign research situation of groove-wave seismic exploration technology is analyzed in detail, and the basic theory of groove-wave is expounded in detail, including the formation mechanism of groove-wave, the classification of groove-wave and the exploration method.Dispersion is the biggest characteristic of grooves.Based on the understanding of the phase velocity and group velocity of grooves, the dispersion equation of group velocity and phase velocity is obtained by further understanding the dispersion characteristics of grooves.The Ellidean phase is the extreme point on the frequency dispersion line with strong energy and high frequency.The influence of different factors on the frequency dispersion of channel wave is different, among which, the change of coal seam thickness has obvious influence.Moving time window method and phase difference method are two kinds of dispersion analysis methods.Tomographic imaging is mainly used in groove-wave transmission method.In this paper, the algebraic iterative method (ART) and the instantaneous iterative method are discussed, and the advantages and disadvantages of the two methods are analyzed.Based on the above theoretical analysis, this paper carries on the actual area data collection to the 2111 face of Dongpang Coal Mine of Hebei Jizhong Energy Co., Ltd., and uses the independently developed SCT trough wave seismic data processing software to carry on the indoor data processing interpretation.The frequency dispersion of Love grooves is analyzed by moving time window method, and the tomography inversion is carried out by SIRT method. The results show that there are three high speed abnormal areas in the working area, and two faults in the working area are verified.It is speculated that another high speed anomaly is caused by false frequency.In this paper, it is considered that the application of Rayleigh grooves in groove-wave seismic exploration, the determination of the size of groove-wave to geological anomalies, and the research and development of the equipment for groove-wave seismic acquisition are hot issues in the future research of groove-wave.
【學位授予單位】：中國地質大學(北京)
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P631.4

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