本文選題：塔里木臺盆區(qū)　切入點：低豐度　出處：《中國石油大學(北京)》2016年博士論文

【摘要】：截止2013年,塔里木盆地臺盆區(qū)取得了許多有目共睹的勘探成效,然而,針對臺盆區(qū)海相油氣的來源厘定還存在問題,主要表現(xiàn)為:目前已經(jīng)識別出兩套高豐度(TOC0.5%)海相烴源巖,包括寒武系-下奧陶統(tǒng)和中-上奧陶統(tǒng),但何者為主長期以來存在爭議;同時,以高豐度烴源巖貢獻為基礎(chǔ)的資源評價結(jié)果與最新勘探實踐不匹配,存在預測資源量偏小的問題,造成這些問題的根源是未將低豐度烴源巖的貢獻列入考慮范圍。低豐度可以分為兩種類型,一種是古高今低,生排烴作用導致現(xiàn)今豐度很低,這類低豐度烴源巖是有利于油氣成藏的;另一種是古時候豐度就極低,發(fā)生排烴作用微弱或無法發(fā)生排烴作用,這一類低豐度烴源巖對油氣成藏貢獻不大。如何區(qū)分這兩種類型低豐度烴源巖,判識有效低豐度烴源巖并評價對油氣成藏貢獻,是目前急需解決的問題。本次研究選取塔里木盆地奧陶系低豐度烴源巖作為研究對象,根據(jù)排烴門限理論,計算了典型低豐度中上奧陶統(tǒng)巖石的實際含烴量與烴源巖排烴門限殘留烴量的關(guān)系,區(qū)分了塔里木盆地臺盆區(qū)奧陶系低豐度“已排烴/未排烴”兩類烴源巖,對比了“已排烴/未排烴”兩類低豐度源巖地化特征,并結(jié)合測井、地質(zhì)等綜合分析,從生烴母質(zhì)類型與分布、有機質(zhì)富集與保存等多方面入手,揭示了已排烴低豐度烴源巖的成因機制是,在穩(wěn)定的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)內(nèi),富氫的浮游藻類或疑源類作為生烴母質(zhì),有機質(zhì)在良好的還原環(huán)境下保存。在此基礎(chǔ)上,通過對已排低豐度碳酸鹽巖烴源巖的主控因素分析,采用多元線性逐步回歸方法,建立了地化綜合判別指標Ig定量預測和評價有效低豐度烴源巖模型,模型與源巖的生烴潛力、TOC、成熟度、S2/S1、S2五個因素相關(guān);根據(jù)已排低豐度碳酸鹽巖烴源巖的測井響應,采用多元非線性擬合方法,建立了測井綜合判別指標Iw定量預測和評價有效低豐度烴源巖的模型,模型與GR、RD、U/TH相關(guān)。將上述判別標準和定量預測方法在塔中地區(qū)應用,計算了有效低豐度源巖的排烴量,并評價了有效低豐度源巖相對貢獻,預測了臺盆區(qū)最有利層位和區(qū)域。研究結(jié)果表明,塔中地區(qū)中上奧陶統(tǒng)有效低豐度源巖排烴量為40.9×108t,相對貢獻為18%;塔里木盆地臺盆區(qū)最有利層位是一間房組,有效低豐度源巖體積占地層體積的23.46%,其次是良里塔格組和吐木休克組;最有利區(qū)域位于塔北隆起及南部斜坡,排烴量為163.6×108t。
[Abstract]:As of 2013, the Tai-basin area of the Tarim Basin has achieved many obvious exploration results. However, there are still problems in determining the source of marine oil and gas in the Tai-basin area, mainly as follows: at present, two sets of high-abundance TOC0.5) marine source rocks have been identified. Including Cambrian-Lower Ordovician and Middle-Upper Ordovician, but which is the main one has been disputed for a long time, and the results of resource evaluation based on the contribution of high-abundance hydrocarbon source rock do not match with the latest exploration practice. There are the problems of small predictive resources, which are caused by the failure to take the contribution of low abundance source rocks into consideration. Low abundance can be divided into two types, one is ancient high and low, and hydrocarbon generation and expulsion cause the present abundance is very low. This type of low-abundance source rock is conducive to hydrocarbon accumulation; the other is that the abundance of hydrocarbon is very low in ancient times, and hydrocarbon expulsion is weak or unable to occur. This kind of low abundance source rocks have little contribution to hydrocarbon accumulation. How to distinguish these two types of low abundance source rocks, identify effective low abundance source rocks and evaluate their contribution to oil and gas accumulation, This study selects Ordovician low abundance source rock in Tarim Basin as the object of study, according to the theory of hydrocarbon expulsion threshold, The relationship between the actual hydrocarbon content and the hydrocarbon expulsion threshold of source rock is calculated, and two types of hydrocarbon source rocks with low abundance of Ordovician in Tarim Basin are distinguished. In this paper, the geochemistry characteristics of two types of low abundance source rocks are compared, and combined with the comprehensive analysis of logging and geology, the types and distribution of hydrocarbon source material, the enrichment and preservation of organic matter, and so on, are discussed. It is revealed that the genetic mechanism of the hydrocarbon expulsion low abundance source rocks is that, in a stable ecosystem, hydrocarbon-rich phytoplankton or suspected source materials are used as source materials for hydrocarbon generation, and organic matter is preserved in a good reductive environment. Based on the analysis of the main controlling factors of carbonate source rocks with low abundance, and the multivariate linear stepwise regression method, a quantitative prediction and evaluation model of effective low abundance hydrocarbon source rocks was established by using the geochemistry comprehensive discriminant index Ig. The model is related to five factors of hydrocarbon generation potential of source rocks: TOC, maturity and S _ 2 / S _ 1 / S _ 2. According to the logging response of carbonate source rocks with low abundance, the multivariate nonlinear fitting method is used. A model for quantitative prediction and evaluation of effective low abundance source rocks by logging comprehensive discriminant index Iw is established. The model is related to GRRDU / TH. Applying the above criteria and quantitative prediction methods to the Tazhong area, the hydrocarbon expulsion of effective low abundance source rocks is calculated. The relative contribution of effective low abundance source rocks is evaluated and the most favorable horizon and region in the platform basin area are predicted. The effective low abundance source rocks of middle and upper Ordovician in Tazhong area are 40.9 脳 10 ~ 8t, and the relative contribution is 180.The most favorable horizon in the platform basin area of Tarim Basin is the Yijianfang formation, the effective low-abundance source rock covers 23.46% of the volume of the strata, the Lianglitag formation and the Tumu shock formation are the next. The most favorable area is located in the northern Tarim uplift and the southern slope with a hydrocarbon expulsion capacity of 163.6 脳 10 ~ (8) t.
【學位授予單位】：中國石油大學(北京)
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：P618.13

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