本文選題：陽宗海　切入點：介形類　出處：《云南師范大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：介形類在湖泊沉積環(huán)境研究中作為有效指標(biāo)起的作用非常重要。然而由于對一些區(qū)域性或地方性屬種的生活環(huán)境的不太熟知,以及對一些能夠忍受周遭環(huán)境發(fā)生很大范圍變化的廣適種的不了解,使得利用介形類的分布與組合還原其環(huán)境信息的工作很難完成。本文針對這一缺陷,在云南省九大高原湖泊之一的陽宗海中共采集了不同深度的28個表層沉積物樣品并對其進(jìn)行處理鑒定及定性、定量分析,對發(fā)現(xiàn)的所有介形類的生理特征與生態(tài)資料進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)地描述。發(fā)現(xiàn)這些表層沉積物中的介形類存在豐度和分異度的變化。一、統(tǒng)計到化石介形類殼瓣數(shù)共1724個,共鑒定出介形類6屬7種。分別為非調(diào)和異星介Heterocypris incongruens,似斜網(wǎng)紋浪花介Parachinocythere reticulata gen.et sp.nov.,黑紋斗星介Cypridopsis nigrovittata,金河星介Potamocypris smaragdina,撫仙湖新紋星介Neovirgatocypris fuxianhuensis Huang et Yang sp.nov.,撫仙湖玻璃介Candona fuxianhuensis,玻璃介(未定種)Candona sp.。二、研究結(jié)果顯示Heterocypris incongruens為陽宗海內(nèi)第一大絕對優(yōu)勢種,其百分含量約為66.7%;Parachinocythere reticulata gen.et sp.nov.為陽宗海內(nèi)第二大優(yōu)勢種,其百分含量約為15.1%;Cypridopsis nigrovittata為陽宗海內(nèi)第三大優(yōu)勢種,其百分含量約為6.9%。三、介形類較高生產(chǎn)量分布在西南邊湖盆以及西北角湖灣里。整個湖泊西南部的介形類生產(chǎn)量比東北部的介形類生產(chǎn)量明顯要多,在整個湖泊偏西北部終端介形類殼瓣數(shù)量達(dá)到最低值。至于在最北邊的樣品YZH-28中我們未發(fā)現(xiàn)任何介形類。四、結(jié)合陽宗海水體的溫度、深度、pH值和含氧量等相關(guān)水質(zhì)數(shù)據(jù),將其劃分為淺、亞深、深三個組合水相。淺水相的介形類整體表現(xiàn)出Heterocypris incongruens—Cypridopsis nigrovittata的組合形式,共發(fā)現(xiàn)介形類殼瓣數(shù)599個。亞深水相的介形類整體表現(xiàn)出Heterocypris incongruens—Parachinocythere reticulata gen.et sp.nov.的分布情況,共發(fā)現(xiàn)介形類殼瓣數(shù)503個。深水相的介形類以Parachinocythere reticulata gen.et sp.nov.為主,共發(fā)現(xiàn)介形類殼瓣數(shù)632個。五、2008年陽宗海湖水發(fā)生了嚴(yán)重的砷污染事件。雖然2009年云南省政府開始對陽宗海進(jìn)行人工治理,污染事件漸漸恢復(fù)平靜,但湖水水位下降嚴(yán)重,砷污染還是沒有根治徹底。因此本文推斷陽宗海介形類的組合特征和分布規(guī)律有可能與砷的形態(tài)組成和空間分布有一定的聯(lián)系,也對此進(jìn)行了相關(guān)的探討。六、本文共對非調(diào)和異星介Heterocypris incongruens,黑紋斗星介Cypridopsis nigrovittata,玻璃介(未定種)Candona sp.3種介形類的軟體部位進(jìn)行了研究,獲得了對應(yīng)介形類的軟體特點和所在的生態(tài)環(huán)境情況。使云南高原區(qū)域的現(xiàn)代介形類生態(tài)資料更加的豐富,為之后用介形類這種替換指標(biāo)在古環(huán)境古氣候的恢復(fù)工作中,提升云南高原區(qū)域地球科學(xué)的研究等工作起鋪墊作用。
[Abstract]:The role of ostracods as an effective indicator in the study of lacustrine sedimentary environment is very important. However, due to the lack of knowledge of the living environment of some regional or local genera and species, And the lack of understanding of some widely suitable species that can tolerate a large range of changes in the surrounding environment makes it difficult to restore their environmental information by using the distribution and combination of ostracods. A total of 28 surface sediment samples of different depths were collected in Yangzonghai, one of the nine major plateau lakes in Yunnan Province, and processed, identified, qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed. The physiological characteristics and ecological data of all the ostracods found were described in detail. It was found that the ostracods in these surface sediments varied in abundance and differentiation. First, the total number of shell lobes of fossil ostracods was 1724. A total of 6 genera and 7 species of ostracoda have been identified. They are Heterocypris incongruens, Parachinocythere reticulata gen.et sp. Nov., Cypridopsis nigrovittata, Potamocypris smaragdina, Neovirgatocypris fuxianhuensis Huang et Yang sp. Nov., Candona fuxianhuensis, Candona fuxianhuensis, et al. Candona sp. II. The results showed that Heterocypris incongruens was the largest absolute dominant species in Yangzong sea, and its percentage content was about 66.7%. It was the second dominant species in Yangzong sea, and its percentage content was about 15.1kudsis nigrovittata was the third dominant species in Yangzong sea, and its content was about 6.90.3. The higher production of ostracods is distributed in the southwest lake basin and the lake bay in the northwest corner. The total production of ostracods in the southwest of the lake is obviously higher than that in the northeast. As for the northernmost sample YZH-28, we have not found any ostracods. (4) considering the temperature, depth pH and oxygen content of Yangzong seawater, The ostracods of shallow water phase show the combined form of Heterocypris incongruens-Cypridopsis nigrovittata, and the total number of ostracoid shell lobes is 599. The whole ostracod of subdeepwater phase shows the distribution of Heterocypris incongruens-Parachinocythere reticulata gen.et sp. Nov. A total of 503 ostracoid shells were found. The ostracods of deep water phase are mainly Parachinocythere reticulata gen.et sp. Nov. A total of 632 ostracoid shells were found. Fifth, serious arsenic pollution occurred in Yangzonghai Lake water in 2008. Although the Yunnan Provincial Government began artificial treatment of Yangzonghai in 2009, the pollution incident gradually returned to calm, but the water level of the lake dropped seriously. Arsenic pollution is still not completely cured. Therefore, this paper inferred that the combination characteristics and distribution law of the yangzonghai ostracoda may have some relation with the form composition and spatial distribution of arsenic, and also carried on the related discussion to this. In this paper, the soft parts of Heterocypris incongruens, Cypridopsis nigrovittata, glass ostracods (Candona sp.3) are studied. The software characteristics of the corresponding ostracods and their ecological environment are obtained, which enrich the modern ostracal ecological data in Yunnan Plateau, so that the replacement index of ostracods can be used in the restoration of paleoclimate and paleoclimate. To promote the study of Yunnan Plateau regional geoscience and other work play a role in paving the way.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：云南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：Q915

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