本文選題：反射系數(shù)反演　切入點：SSF算法　出處：《電子科技大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著對巖性油氣藏勘探開發(fā)的不斷深入,薄層問題日益凸顯,提高薄儲層識別和預(yù)測的精度成為地質(zhì)學(xué)家們密切關(guān)注和急需解決的問題。基于高分辨率分頻技術(shù)的地震信號譜反演為提高地層資料分辨率從而提高薄層預(yù)測精度提供了新的思路。近年來,隨著國內(nèi)外學(xué)者對譜反演技術(shù)研究的不斷深入,譜反演成為解決薄儲層預(yù)測的熱點問題。然而譜反演技術(shù)在國內(nèi)外的研究開展不久,還存在一系列的技術(shù)問題沒有達成普遍共識。本文針對地震信號譜反演方法開展了一系列研究,深入研究了譜反演相關(guān)理論,建立了一套較完整的反演算法流程,主要工作包括:1.研究了地震子波相關(guān)理論,討論了子波提取對譜反演算法反演結(jié)果的影響。其中,重點研究了用Ricker子波模擬地震子波進行反演的情況和統(tǒng)計子波的提取方法,同時給出了子波提取的流程圖。2.研究了地震記錄及子波的時頻域表示,總結(jié)出了地震數(shù)據(jù)傅里葉變換的處理流程,同時探討了傅里葉變換中時窗寬度及滑動步長的確定等關(guān)鍵問題。3.研究了反射系數(shù)奇偶分量在反演中對分辨率的影響,并論述了反射系數(shù)奇偶分解方法。4.詳細推導(dǎo)了譜反演目標函數(shù)的構(gòu)建過程,論述了求解目標函數(shù)的經(jīng)典方法-共軛梯度法。5.重點研究了譜反演目標函數(shù)求解中的最優(yōu)化方法,可分離替代函數(shù)(SSF)算法以及正交匹配追蹤(OMP)算法,給出了相關(guān)的算法流程及仿真實例,并對重要的反演參數(shù)如何取值進行了深入分析。6.完成了所有算法模塊代碼的編寫,對多種典型的地質(zhì)模型做了仿真測試,對不同工區(qū)的實際地震資料進行了反演和測試,對兩種反演算法實際地震資料的反演效果進行了對比分析。
[Abstract]:With the deepening of exploration and development of lithologic reservoirs, thin layer problems become increasingly prominent. Improving the accuracy of thin reservoir identification and prediction has become a problem that geologists pay close attention to and need to be solved. Seismic signal spectral inversion based on high resolution frequency division technique is to improve the resolution of formation data and improve the precision of thin layer prediction. Degree provides a new way of thinking. In recent years, With the deepening of the research on spectral inversion technology, spectral inversion has become a hot issue to solve thin reservoir prediction. There is still a series of technical problems that have not reached a general consensus. In this paper, a series of research on seismic signal spectral inversion method is carried out, and the related theory of spectral inversion is deeply studied, and a set of complete inversion algorithm flow is established. The main work includes: 1. The correlation theory of seismic wavelet is studied, and the influence of wavelet extraction on the inversion result of spectral inversion algorithm is discussed. Among them, the inversion of seismic wavelet simulated by Ricker wavelet and the extraction method of statistical wavelet are studied emphatically. At the same time, the flowchart of wavelet extraction is given. 2. The seismic records and the representation of wavelet in time-frequency domain are studied, and the processing flow of Fourier transform of seismic data is summarized. At the same time, the key problems such as the width of time window and the determination of sliding step size in Fourier transform are discussed. 3. The effect of even-odd component of reflection coefficient on the resolution in inversion is studied. The method of even-odd decomposition of reflection coefficient. 4. The construction process of objective function of spectral inversion is derived in detail, and the classical method of solving objective function, conjugate gradient method. 5. The optimization method for solving objective function of spectral inversion is studied emphatically. The separated alternative function (SSF) algorithm and the orthogonal matching tracking (OMP) algorithm are given. The relevant algorithm flow and simulation examples are given, and the important inversion parameters are analyzed deeply. 6. The code of all the algorithm modules is written. Several typical geological models have been simulated and tested. The inversion and test of the actual seismic data in different working areas have been carried out. The inversion results of the two inversion algorithms have been compared and analyzed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P631.4

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本文編號：1660471