本文選題：石油數(shù)據(jù)　切入點(diǎn)：小波變換　出處：《哈爾濱理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：地震數(shù)據(jù)是石油勘探以及生產(chǎn)采集中的重要參數(shù)之一，能夠有效的反映出油田地質(zhì)情況以及油層含量變化，由于地震數(shù)據(jù)的數(shù)據(jù)量巨大且需要實(shí)時(shí)傳輸來(lái)為石油勘探和生產(chǎn)提供分析依據(jù)，給計(jì)算機(jī)存儲(chǔ)以及數(shù)據(jù)傳輸方面帶來(lái)了很多問(wèn)題。為推進(jìn)油田自動(dòng)一體化進(jìn)程，滿(mǎn)足數(shù)據(jù)實(shí)時(shí)性傳輸?shù)男枰槍?duì)上述問(wèn)題，本文對(duì)石油地震數(shù)據(jù)壓縮方法進(jìn)行了研究。 論文分析了國(guó)內(nèi)外壓縮方法的現(xiàn)狀，，針對(duì)石油地震數(shù)據(jù)的特點(diǎn)，根據(jù)DB4小波變換具有多分辨率分析的特性，將石油地震數(shù)據(jù)變換到小波域，通過(guò)小波變換對(duì)地震信號(hào)分解，選取軟閾值壓縮算法處理小波低頻系數(shù)，對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行小波閾值量化達(dá)到降噪的目的。 本文深入研究了傳統(tǒng)LZ77無(wú)損壓縮算法的基本原理，討論了傳統(tǒng)壓縮方法存在的問(wèn)題與不足，提出通過(guò)對(duì)唯一代碼輸出形式的改變以及擴(kuò)展滑動(dòng)字典的方法對(duì)傳統(tǒng)算法進(jìn)行優(yōu)化，通過(guò)仿真從壓縮時(shí)間、壓縮率、還原時(shí)間和壓縮比方面論證采用該優(yōu)化方法在石油地震數(shù)據(jù)上壓縮效果較傳統(tǒng)方法有所提高。 通過(guò)對(duì)最小匹配倍數(shù)的設(shè)置來(lái)減小石油地震數(shù)據(jù)中冗余，引入Huffman編碼方式存儲(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù)。通過(guò)仿真對(duì)地震數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行壓縮證明了該優(yōu)化算法壓縮效果相對(duì)較好，計(jì)算速度較快，重構(gòu)精度相對(duì)較高，對(duì)于解決石油地震數(shù)據(jù)壓縮問(wèn)題具有更優(yōu)的效果。
[Abstract]:Seismic data is one of the important parameters in petroleum exploration and production acquisition, which can effectively reflect the oil field geological conditions and reservoir content changes. Because of the huge amount of seismic data and the need of real-time transmission to provide analysis basis for oil exploration and production, it brings many problems to computer storage and data transmission. To meet the need of real-time data transmission, the compression method of petroleum seismic data is studied in this paper. This paper analyzes the present situation of compression methods at home and abroad, according to the characteristics of petroleum seismic data, according to the characteristics of DB4 wavelet transform with multi-resolution analysis, the petroleum seismic data is transformed into wavelet domain, and the seismic signal is decomposed by wavelet transform. The soft threshold compression algorithm is selected to deal with wavelet low frequency coefficients and the data is quantized by wavelet threshold to reduce noise. In this paper, the basic principle of the traditional LZ77 lossless compression algorithm is deeply studied, and the problems and shortcomings of the traditional compression method are discussed. By changing the unique code output form and extending the sliding dictionary, the traditional algorithm is optimized, and the compression time and compression ratio are simulated. The reduction time and compression ratio show that the compression effect of this optimization method on petroleum seismic data is better than that of the traditional method. By setting the minimum matching multiple to reduce the redundancy in the petroleum seismic data, the Huffman coding method is introduced to store the data. The compression of the seismic data by simulation proves that the compression effect of the optimized algorithm is relatively good and the calculation speed is relatively fast. The reconstruction accuracy is relatively high, which is better for solving the compression problem of petroleum seismic data.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：P631.44;P618.13

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