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  本文選題：隨鉆地震　切入點：隨鉆振動錄井　出處：《中國礦業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨鉆地震方法是將鉆頭與地層作用產(chǎn)生的震動作為震源的一種新型地震勘探方法,在廣義上可以分為隨鉆振動錄井、鉆頭隨鉆地震(DB-SWD)和隨鉆VSP三種技術(shù)類別,本文對隨鉆振動錄井進(jìn)行了多種的實驗,并對鉆頭隨鉆地震作出理論探討。首先,介紹了巖石的力學(xué)性質(zhì),尤其是與鉆具作用密切的彈性、強度、塑性、硬度。又對鉆頭沖擊、切削巖石的運動機制和和受力分析情況做出探討,具體分析了對應(yīng)著沖擊—切削、切削圍巖運動模式的兩種典型鉆頭牙輪鉆頭與PDC鉆頭。闡述了鉆柱振動的三種基本形式,即:縱向振動、扭轉(zhuǎn)振動和橫向振動,對其運動規(guī)律和固有頻率計算進(jìn)行了分析。在隨鉆地震信號的處理方法這一環(huán)節(jié),重點研究了短時傅立葉變換與相關(guān)分析兩種分析方法,并提出了實際可行的應(yīng)用步驟。通過給時域振動信號進(jìn)行加滑動窗進(jìn)行快速傅里葉變換來實時地計算隨鉆地震信號的頻譜圖,實現(xiàn)時—頻信號的對應(yīng)。通過自相關(guān)算法可提取隨鉆地震信號的時域波形特征,使用互相關(guān)算法把地層直達(dá)波、反射波信號從雜亂的鉆柱參考信號中提取出來。并對具有時延性的底層反射波信號進(jìn)行整形處理。開發(fā)了隨鉆地震的采集儀器與應(yīng)用軟件,并在室內(nèi)實驗場和礦井巷道中進(jìn)行了實驗研究。通過實驗數(shù)據(jù)分析結(jié)果對不同巖性的分層判定作出解釋,并對頻率域信號中的有效成分從干擾噪聲中提取出來,確定分析鉆機振動和巖性識別的頻帶分布范圍。現(xiàn)場煤層鉆探實驗,可以識別煤層、夾矸與頂?shù)装濉Ｌ岢鲭S鉆地震方法應(yīng)用的注意細(xì)節(jié)。
[Abstract]:Seismic while drilling method is to produce vibration of drill bit and formation effect as a new seismic exploration method of source, can be divided into drilling vibration logging in a broad sense, the drill bit drilling seismic while drilling (DB-SWD) and VSP three technology categories, based on the drilling of a vibration logging experiment, and drill for drilling seismic make theoretical discussion. Firstly, the mechanical properties of rocks, especially the close and drill effect elasticity, plasticity, strength, hardness and impact. The drill, force and motion mechanism of rock cutting analysis on the concrete analysis of the corresponding impact - cutting, cutting rock movement the two typical bit and PDC bit. Introduces the three basic forms, namely: the longitudinal vibration of drillstring vibration, torsional vibration and lateral vibration, the motion law and natural frequency are analyzed. In the drilling. Processing method of seismic signal in this part focuses on the short-term Fu Liye transform and correlation analysis of two kinds of analysis methods, and puts forward the practical application steps. By adding a sliding window to compute with the spectrum of drilling seismic signal using the fast Fourier transform to the vibration signal, the corresponding frequency signal to achieve time through the self correlation algorithm can be extracted with the waveform features of drilling seismic signal, using a cross-correlation algorithm to the formation of direct wave, reflected wave signal from a reference signal extracted from the drill column. And the ductility of the bottom layer with reflection wave signal shaping processing. With the development and application of drilling seismic acquisition instrument software the experiments were carried out using indoor test field and mine roadway. Through analysis of experimental data of different lithology determine hierarchical explanation, and the signal in the frequency domain The effective components are extracted from the interference noise, and the frequency distribution range of the drilling machine vibration and lithology identification is determined. The field coal seam drilling experiment can identify the coal seam, the gangue and the roof and floor.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國礦業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P631.4

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本文編號：1654376