本文選題：構(gòu)造演化　切入點(diǎn)：蓋層特征　出處：《成都理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：雪峰山西側(cè)地區(qū)地處雪峰山基底拆離造山帶和中上揚(yáng)子區(qū)的東部邊緣之間,是雪峰山前緣向四川盆地的過渡的地區(qū)。多年油氣勘探實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn)表明,雪峰山西側(cè)重點(diǎn)地區(qū)的海相層系具有較大的油氣勘探潛力。本論文著重于地質(zhì)解譯貴陽-金沙-仁懷地震大剖面,結(jié)合已有鉆錄和測試等成果資料,重新探索雪峰山西側(cè)地區(qū)沉積、構(gòu)造演化史。應(yīng)用野外地質(zhì)調(diào)查與室內(nèi)巖石樣品測試相結(jié)合,綜合利用常規(guī)電鏡、陰極發(fā)光與非常規(guī)壓汞—吸附法、三軸抗壓抗剪試驗(yàn)聯(lián)合分析蓋層的巖石學(xué)特征、蓋層的厚度、蓋層的均質(zhì)程度、蓋層的延展性以及蓋層的薄膜封閉特征。以構(gòu)造演化為主線,開展蓋層封閉演變史為主的油氣保存體系成因研究,在此基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行油氣保存體系主控因素分析,對有利油氣保存區(qū)域初步預(yù)測。通過研究共取得以下基本認(rèn)識:(1)通過對雪峰山西側(cè)地區(qū)構(gòu)造演化及特征的綜合分析,認(rèn)為地震波場反映的角度不整合特點(diǎn),可以確定雪峰山陸內(nèi)的構(gòu)造體系前后經(jīng)歷了晉寧、加里東、印支和燕山等多期構(gòu)造運(yùn)動,該疊合盆地在其構(gòu)造演化歷史中,從元古代以來,經(jīng)歷了晉寧、加里東、海西、印支、燕山和喜馬拉雅六大構(gòu)造階段,早期以造陸為主,晚期造山作用強(qiáng)烈。(2)野外地質(zhì)調(diào)查、沉積特征和室內(nèi)巖石測試分析表明,下寒武統(tǒng)蓋層見于水井沱組、石牌組和天河板組等地層中。蓋層巖性主要為泥巖和灰?guī)r兩類,前者主要包括深灰、灰黑色、灰、灰綠色碳質(zhì)泥巖、粉砂質(zhì)泥巖、泥巖,后者主要包括深灰色碳質(zhì)灰?guī)r、泥晶灰?guī)r及泥質(zhì)灰?guī)r等。(3)通過分析油氣保存體系在加里東期、海西—印支期、早燕山期、晚燕山—喜山期等構(gòu)造演化階段,蓋層的演變特征以及流體化學(xué)—動力學(xué)響應(yīng)特征,恢復(fù)與重建了蓋層封閉演變史與流體化學(xué)—動力學(xué)行為軌跡�；久鞔_了油氣保存體系受到蓋層發(fā)育的沉積體系域、成巖變質(zhì)程度、變形變位強(qiáng)度、斷層的“三元”耦合關(guān)系以及流體的宿主性等多種因素控制。(4)通過對油氣保存體系的成因研究結(jié)果顯示:渝東鄂西及周緣地區(qū)志留系成藏的控制因素中,優(yōu)質(zhì)儲層控制了早期運(yùn)聚、保存,并形成近源的巖性油藏;晚期流體勢調(diào)整,控制了現(xiàn)今油氣最終定位;金沙—仁懷西側(cè)—盆地周緣震旦系成藏主控因素表現(xiàn)在:有效儲集空間是下組合油氣聚集成藏的前提,有利運(yùn)聚是形成下組合氣藏的重要保障,有利保存是形成下組合氣藏的關(guān)鍵因素,保存條件的破壞主要表現(xiàn)為構(gòu)造隆升剝蝕和斷裂破壞作用。研究區(qū)的生儲蓋組合可分為三套生儲蓋組合,第一套以上震旦統(tǒng)陡山沱組為烴源巖,燈影組結(jié)晶白云巖為儲層,下寒武統(tǒng)老堡組、牛蹄塘組和石牌組泥巖為蓋層;第二套組合烴源巖為寒武系牛蹄塘組和華嚴(yán)寺組,以中寒武統(tǒng)及下奧陶統(tǒng)為儲層,下奧陶統(tǒng)泥頁巖、泥灰?guī)r為蓋層;第三套組合由下奧陶及下志留統(tǒng)頁巖組成烴源巖,志留系內(nèi)部的砂巖作為儲層,下志留統(tǒng)的泥巖作為蓋層。(5)通過以“蓋、源”共控油氣保存體系的研究思路,從油氣保存體系的表象性、成因性以及有效性研究入手,參照前人研究標(biāo)準(zhǔn),建立了中揚(yáng)子區(qū)海相油氣保存條件評價(jià)技術(shù)指標(biāo),進(jìn)行了油氣保存條件綜合評價(jià)。研究認(rèn)為:中上揚(yáng)子區(qū)江漢平原區(qū)、湘鄂西區(qū)、渝東鄂西區(qū)三個區(qū)塊的油氣保存體系綜合評價(jià)表明,縱向上油氣保存條件變好順序?yàn)?J-T2體系、∈1體系、S體系、∈2油氣保存體系;橫向上,以石柱油氣保存體系為1級-最有效,也是最有利保存區(qū)帶或最有利勘探區(qū)帶;利川、桑植、花果坪、宜昌、沔陽油氣保存體系為2級-有效,即有利保存區(qū)帶或有利勘探區(qū)帶;其余區(qū)塊為3、4級-有效。
[Abstract]:Shanxi area is located in the side of Xuefeng Xuefeng basement detachment of the eastern edge of orogenic belt and the middle and upper Yangtze region, is the leading edge of the Sichuan basin to the Xuefeng mountain transition area. For many years the practice of oil and gas exploration experience shows that the marine strata in key areas of Shanxi Xuefeng side has great oil and gas exploration potential. This paper focuses on the geology interpretation Guiyang - Renhuai Jinsha - seismic profiles, combined with the existing drilling and testing results of recorded data, to explore the deposition of Shanxi Xuefeng side area, the history of tectonic evolution. The application of field geological investigation and indoor rock sample test combined with the comprehensive utilization of conventional electron microscopy, cathodoluminescence adsorption and unconventional mercury injection, combined with the analysis of petrology characteristics cover the three axial compressive shear test, cover thickness, heterogeneity of caprock, ductility cover and film cover sealing characteristics. The tectonic evolution as the main line, open cover letter Study on the causes of the evolution history of the closed system to save oil and gas, oil and gas preservation system analysis of main controlling factors were based on the preliminary forecast of the regional preservation of favorable oil and gas. The following basic understanding through the study were: (1) through a comprehensive analysis of the Shanxi side in Xuefeng tectonic evolution and characteristics of the seismic wave field reflects the angular unconformity characteristics can be determined before and after the Xuefengshan intracontinental tectonic system experienced in Jinning, Garito, Indochina and Yanshan tectonic movements, the superimposed basins in the tectonic evolution history, from ancient times through the yuan, Jinning, Garito, Yanshan and Haixi, Indochina, Himalaya six tectonic stages at the early stage of reclamation, mainly late strong orogeny. (2) the field geological investigation, sedimentary characteristics and indoor rock testing analysis shows that the lower Cambrian caprock in shuijingtuo formation, stone deck and tianheban formation In the cover layer. The lithology is mainly mudstone and limestone in two categories, the former consists of dark gray, dark gray, gray, gray green calcareous mudstone, silty mudstone, mudstone, the latter mainly includes deep gray carbonaceous limestone, micritic limestone and argillaceous limestone. (3) through the analysis of oil and gas preservation system in Caledonian, Hercynian Indosinian, early Yanshan, late Yanshan Himalayan tectonic evolution stage, evolution characteristics of caprock and fluid chemical kinetic response characteristics, the restoration and reconstruction of the caprock evolution history and fluid chemical kinetic behaviors. To make clear the basic path of oil and gas preservation system by sedimentary system domain of caprock development, diagenetic metamorphism, deformation intensity, fault "three yuan" and the host fluid coupling relationship between the various factors such as control. (4) through the origin of the system on the preservation of oil and gas shows: Chongqing Hubei Province and the surrounding areas of the Silurian Department of reservoir controlling factors of reservoir quality control the early migration, preservation, and the formation of lithologic reservoir near source; advanced fluid potential adjustment, control of the current oil and gas final location; on the west side of Renhuai basin - Jinsha - Sinian controlling factors of hydrocarbon accumulation in effective reservoir space is hidden under the premise of the combination of oil and gas accumulation, favorable migration is an important guarantee for the formation of combined gas reservoirs, favorable preservation is the key factor to form the composite gas reservoir, the preservation condition of damage mainly uplift erosion and fracture damage to structures. The study area source reservoir cap assemblage can be divided into three sets of reservoir cap in combination, the first set of the Upper Sinian Doushantuo Formation source rocks, Dengying Formation of crystalline dolomite reservoir, the lower Cambrian niutitangformation Laobao formation, and mudstone caprock Shipai group; second sets of hydrocarbon source rocks of Cambrian Niutitang Formation and the Huayan Temple group in the Middle Cambrian the And the lower Ordovician reservoir, lower Ordovician shale, marl is caprock; third sets composed of Lower Ordovician and Lower Silurian shale source rocks within the Silurian sandstone as reservoir, Lower Silurian mudstone as caprock. (5) by "cover, research source" controlling oil and gas preservation system, save the image system from oil and gas, causes and effectiveness of previous research, reference standards, the establishment of a marine oil and gas preservation technology in the Yangtze area index evaluation, comprehensive evaluation of oil and gas preservation conditions. Research shows that: Jianghan Plain in the upper Yangtze region, Western Hunan Hubei Chongqing Hubei, indicates that the West three blocks of oil and gas preservation system comprehensive evaluation, good preservation conditions of oil and gas in vertical order: J-T2 system, 1 system, S system, and 2 oil and gas preservation system; horizontally, with pillars of oil and gas preservation system for 1 - level is the most effective. The most favorable preservation zone or the most favorable exploration area; Lichuan, Sangzhi, Hua Guo Ping, Yichang, Mianyang oil and gas preservation system is 2 level effective, that is, the favorable preservation zone or favorable exploration area; the rest blocks are 3,4 level effective.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：成都理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P618.13

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