發(fā)布時間：2018-03-23 10:08

  本文選題：分層滑脫變形　切入點：構(gòu)造幾何學與運動學　出處：《中國地質(zhì)大學(北京)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：湘鄂西—川東薄皮構(gòu)造帶夾持于西北側(cè)的秦嶺造山帶、南東側(cè)的雪峰山構(gòu)造帶以及西側(cè)的四川盆地之間,西以華鎣山斷裂為界,東以大庸斷裂為界,南以涪陵—彭水—慈利一線為界。從元古代至新生代,其構(gòu)造沉積演化受華南板塊、華北板塊演化及其陸內(nèi)構(gòu)造造山多期復(fù)合作用的控制,新生代以來,明顯又受到青藏高原隆升的制約。鄂西—渝東地區(qū)則是二者相互作用最為強烈、構(gòu)造特征最為清楚的地區(qū)。板塊的碰撞拼合、陸內(nèi)造山、高原隆升以及基底特征共同造成了鄂西—渝東地區(qū)不同于四川盆地其它地區(qū)的構(gòu)造特征,形成了一系列隔槽式及槽擋式薄皮褶皺,反映了研究區(qū)在整體運動、隆升的過程中內(nèi)部也發(fā)生著復(fù)雜而有規(guī)律的構(gòu)造變化。另外,研究區(qū)自東向西發(fā)育Z→K1z地層,缺失白堊系及新生代以后的地層,這也反映了新生代以來構(gòu)造環(huán)境的快速轉(zhuǎn)變以及構(gòu)造隆升對本區(qū)的強烈影響和改造。然而,這些構(gòu)造隆升變形發(fā)生的時間,多重滑脫構(gòu)造演化經(jīng)歷的若干階段以及成因機制分析等,都沒有得到很好的認識和解釋,這也是油氣勘探、華南大陸構(gòu)造問題所關(guān)注的重要問題。本文以斷層相關(guān)褶皺理論、構(gòu)造地質(zhì)學、構(gòu)造年代學等為基礎(chǔ),綜合運用最新的地質(zhì)、地震(2D/3D)和鉆測井資料,結(jié)合野外地質(zhì)觀察,做出湘鄂西—渝東地區(qū)的構(gòu)造地層層序格架,并對區(qū)內(nèi)地震剖面進行較為精確的刻畫和精細的解釋分析,包括地質(zhì)結(jié)構(gòu)樣式、滑脫面的位置及特征等,從而進一步研究區(qū)內(nèi)構(gòu)造平面展布、幾何學特征,結(jié)合熱年代學(磷灰石裂變徑跡),對區(qū)內(nèi)構(gòu)造隆升變形時間進行約束,并對湘鄂西—渝東地區(qū)進行運動學分析,綜合以上幾何學及運動學研究,加上前人研究成果,對湘鄂西—渝東薄皮褶皺帶的成因機制做出合理分析。通過對湘鄂西—渝東地區(qū)構(gòu)造幾何學、運動學及其成因機制分析,提出有利的油氣保存單元,為油氣勘探部署提供地質(zhì)依據(jù)和建議,并對川東、雪峰山地區(qū)的褶皺帶的形成和演化提供很好的參考和成果。目前,論文主要取得了以下成果和認識:1、渝東—湘鄂西地區(qū)為分層滑脫變形,滑脫層上下變形不協(xié)調(diào),滑脫層為基底滑脫層,下寒武統(tǒng)滑脫層,下志留統(tǒng)龍馬溪組泥頁巖層以及下三疊統(tǒng)嘉陵江組膏鹽層。2、基底構(gòu)造層控制著區(qū)域構(gòu)造運動,各個構(gòu)造層由東向西深度逐漸加深。湘鄂西地區(qū)下寒武統(tǒng)滑脫層為寒武系底界,川東地區(qū)下寒武統(tǒng)龍王廟組為主要滑脫層。下志留統(tǒng)龍馬溪組自湘鄂西地區(qū)向川東地區(qū)由主要滑脫層轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)榇我搶?尤其是在方斗山以西地區(qū)更是明顯。3、研究區(qū)主要發(fā)育雙重構(gòu)造、構(gòu)造楔、斷層傳播褶皺以及斷層轉(zhuǎn)折褶皺。4、渝東地區(qū)表現(xiàn)為隔擋式褶皺,與滑脫層埋深淺、高粘聚力有關(guān),湘鄂西地區(qū)發(fā)育隔槽式褶皺,與滑脫層埋深大、低粘聚力有關(guān)。5、先發(fā)育隔槽式褶皺,后發(fā)育隔擋式褶皺,構(gòu)造變形由東自西逆沖。在逆沖過程中,先形成雙重構(gòu)造,在雙重構(gòu)造前方形成滑脫隔擋式褶皺。反向斷層的發(fā)育可能與川中剛性基底的阻擋有關(guān)。6、研究區(qū)變形分為兩個階段,湘鄂西地區(qū)第一階段為侏羅紀中晚期(165 Ma-145 Ma),變形發(fā)展階段。第二階段為古近紀中晚期(45 Ma-32 Ma),為快速隆升階段,為湘鄂西隔槽式褶皺帶變形的關(guān)鍵時期。渝東地區(qū)則為:一是中晚白堊世之交(135 Ma-100 Ma),構(gòu)造開始隆升變形,此時主要發(fā)育滑脫褶皺,地層總縮短量為2.62 km-3.5 km,縮短率為4.89%-5.6%;二是喜馬拉雅中晚期(25 Ma-15 Ma),為快速隆升變形階段。相對而言,湘鄂西的構(gòu)造隆升早于渝東地區(qū)的構(gòu)造隆升,說明構(gòu)造變形亦由東向西傳遞。
[Abstract]:The West - east Sichuan thin skinned belt clamp on the northwest side of the Qinling Mountains orogenic belt, as well as between the west side of the East Xuefengshan tectonic belt of Sichuan basin, is bounded on the west by the Huayingshan fault, to the east of Dayong fracture, South to Fuling - Pengshui - Cili line for the community. From the Proterozoic to Cenozoic. The tectonic and sedimentary evolution of the Southern China plate, control of multiple tectonic orogenic evolution of North China plate and intracontinental, since the Cenozoic, obviously by the uplift of the Tibetan Plateau of Western Hubei Eastern Chongqing area. It is the interaction between the two strongest tectonic features most clear collision plate area. The intracontinental orogenic uplift of the plateau and the basement features caused by Western Hubei Eastern Chongqing area is different from the structural features in other areas of Sichuan basin, formed a series of trough and trough retaining thin folds, which reflects the research area in the whole movement, The uplift process has also undergone a complex internal structure change regularly. In addition, the study area from east to west development, Z K1z formation, after deletion of Cretaceous and Cenozoic strata, which also reflects the Cenozoic rapid change of tectonic environment and tectonic uplift and strong impact on Transformation of this area. However, the tectonic uplift deformation time, multiple slip tectonic evolution stages and formation mechanism analysis, understanding and interpretation have not been very good, this is also the important problem of oil and gas exploration, Southern China continental concerns. Based on the theory of fault related fold, tectonic geology, tectonics based on geological chronology, the new comprehensive application (2D/3D), seismic and logging data, combined with field geological observation, make tectonic sequence stratigraphy of West Hunan Hubei Chongqing area, and in the seismic section Analysis of accurate and precise characterization of explanations, including geological structure style, slip surface location and characteristics, in order to further study the plane distribution structure in the area, geometric characteristics, combined with thermochronologic (apatite fission track), the constrained rise deformation zone between uplift, and the western Hubei Eastern Chongqing area comprehensive above research on kinematics analysis, geometry and kinematics, combined with previous research results, make a reasonable analysis of the western Hubei Eastern Chongqing thin skinned fold belt forming mechanism. Based on the structure of the West Chongqing area of geometry, kinematics analysis and formation mechanism, put forward the favorable oil and gas preservation unit, provides the geological basis and suggestions for deployment oil and gas exploration, and in the east of Sichuan, Xuefeng mountain fold belt formation and evolution provides a good reference and results. At present, the main results of this paper are as follows: 1, Chongqing - Western Hunan and Hubei layered slip deformation, slip layer deformation coordination, decollement basement detachment layer, lower Cambrian decollement, Lower Silurian shale formations and three Jialingjiang formation of gypsum salt.2, basement structure control of regional tectonic movement. Each structural layer depth deepens gradually from east to west. Areas of western part of the lower Cambrian detachment layer is the bottom boundary of Cambrian in East Sichuan area, the lower Cambrian Longwangmiao formation as the main detachment layer. The Lower Silurian from western Hubei area to the east of Sichuan by the main detachment layer into secondary decollement especially in the west area of Fangdoushan is obviously.3, it mainly develops double structure, tectonic wedge, fault propagation fold and fault bend fold.4, Chongqing area is ejective folds and detachment layer, buried depth, high cohesion, trough to the West Development Zone Fold, and decollement buried deep, low cohesion is related to.5, the first development of trough like folds, after the development of ejective folds, tectonic deformation from East West thrust. The thrust in the process of forming double structure, slip ejective folds formed in the duplex ahead. The fault was possible stop.6 and Sichuan rigid substrate, study the deformation area is divided into two stages, the first stage of the west region in the late Jurassic (165 Ma-145 Ma), the deformation development stage. The second stage is the late Paleogene (45 Ma-32 Ma), for the rapid uplift stage, a critical period for the west across slot type fold belt deformation. Chongqing area is: one is in the turn of the late Cretaceous (135 Ma-100 Ma), tectonic uplift deformation, the main development detachment fold, shorten the total formation rate was 2.62 km-3.5 km, the shortening rate is 4.89%-5.6%; two Himalaya advanced (25 Ma-15 Ma), for fast The speed of uplift deformation stage. Relatively speaking, the construction of West Hunan Hubei Chongqing area in early uplift tectonic uplift, tectonic deformation from east to west.

【學位授予單位】：中國地質(zhì)大學(北京)
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P542

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 陳明是,張樹淮;長江三峽地區(qū)弧形對突構(gòu)造特征及其形成機制[J];華南地質(zhì)與礦產(chǎn);1998年01期

2 高山,umin Qiu,凌文黎,Neal J.McNaughton,David I.Groves;崆嶺高級變質(zhì)地體單顆粒鋯石SHRIMP U-Pb年代學研究──揚子克拉通>3.2Ga陸殼物質(zhì)的發(fā)現(xiàn)[J];中國科學(D輯:地球科學);2001年01期

3 樂光禹;大巴山造山帶及其前陸盆地的構(gòu)造特征和構(gòu)造演化[J];礦物巖石;1998年S1期

4 李正祥,C.McA.Powell,方大鈞,樓剛;華南中生代以來彎山構(gòu)造的發(fā)育和地塊相對旋轉(zhuǎn)——地質(zhì)和古地磁證據(jù)[J];科學通報;1996年05期

5 于津海,周新民,Y.S.O’Reilly,趙蕾,W.L.Griffin,王汝成,王麗娟,陳小明;南嶺東段基底麻粒巖相變質(zhì)巖的形成時代和原巖性質(zhì):鋯石的U-Pb-Hf同位素研究[J];科學通報;2005年16期

6 周建勛,朱戰(zhàn)軍,梁慧社;斜向擠壓構(gòu)造的物理模擬及其對焉耆盆地構(gòu)造解釋[J];煤田地質(zhì)與勘探;2002年05期

7 張國偉;郭安林;王岳軍;李三忠;董云鵬;劉少峰;何登發(fā);程順有;魯如魁;姚安平;;中國華南大陸構(gòu)造與問題[J];中國科學:地球科學;2013年10期

8 舒志國;;中揚子湘鄂西區(qū)構(gòu)造演化特征[J];石油天然氣學報;2014年10期

9 劉尚忠;川東薄皮構(gòu)造模式之我見[J];四川地質(zhì)學報;1995年04期

10 丁道桂,郭彤樓,翟常博,呂俊祥;鄂西—渝東區(qū)膝折構(gòu)造[J];石油實驗地質(zhì);2005年03期

，

本文編號：1652993