本文選題：密度電法　切入點：直流電法　出處：《吉林大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：偽隨機編碼是一種按照事先制定好的偽隨機函數(shù)，根據(jù)作業(yè)需要生成相應的偽隨機信號的編碼方式，產(chǎn)生的偽隨機信號具備多階主頻，偽隨機信號一次供電多階主頻的特點可以幫助高密度電法克服極化效應帶來的影響，由這些具備多階主頻的信號可以計算出同一頻率的相對準確的視電阻率、百分頻散率等地探參數(shù)，從而在推算地址體結(jié)構(gòu)以及地表以下礦體的種類和分布情況時起到極大的作用。 目前國內(nèi)外的高密度電法設(shè)備種類繁多，但是總的來看發(fā)射技術(shù)非常相似，多采用占空比為1：1的方波信號。直流電法無法克服接地電極極化產(chǎn)生的極化效應所帶來的影響，無法得到相對準確的極化率，常規(guī)的直流高密度電法為了得到相對準確的極化率，一般都配備兩套電極系統(tǒng)，即一套發(fā)射電極和一套測量電極，成本高、操作復雜、儀器笨重、野外實驗不方便、故障率高等等缺點使得直流高密度電法儀器使用起來有諸多不便。 本文對偽隨機編碼如何在高密度電法測量的實現(xiàn)進行了詳盡研究，主要包括人機交互界面設(shè)計部分，偽隨機信號生成部分，數(shù)據(jù)處理及計算相關(guān)參數(shù)部分，電阻試驗及阻容試驗分析部分，結(jié)果驗證部分。以上幾個部分為本文主要研究內(nèi)容。 偽隨機信號生成部分。偽隨機信號生成部分介紹了偽隨機編碼的編譯規(guī)則及其生成原理，三階、五階、七階偽隨機信號的生成及其傅氏頻譜，推算發(fā)射機使用的偽隨機信號三個部分，偽隨機編碼的編譯規(guī)則是取自何繼善院士的在《廣域電磁法和偽隨機信號電法》中提到的偽隨機函數(shù)，其生成原理類似于二進制數(shù)的某種加法規(guī)則，發(fā)射機使用的偽隨機信號是由-1、0、1三個數(shù)字碼組成的信號。 上位機部分。上位機是用C++程序語言設(shè)計出來的，使得操作者通過操作微型計算機與高密度電法儀進行通信的可執(zhí)行程序，，該程序由Microsoft Visual Studio2005設(shè)計平臺開發(fā)，可兼容xp、vista、win7等運行環(huán)境，該程序包括參數(shù)設(shè)置部分，示波器顯示部分，儀器返回信息顯示部分，以及操作者操作部分。上位機可命令儀器實現(xiàn)編號操作、不同方式的跑極操作，可調(diào)整示波器顯示時橫軸和縱軸的長短，可自由設(shè)置數(shù)據(jù)存儲目錄，可添加自定義跑極方式等等。 數(shù)據(jù)處理及計算相關(guān)的地電參數(shù)。該部分是將測量數(shù)據(jù)從上位機程序保存的二進制文件中提取出來，進行一系列的處理之后，將單位換算成真值，然后算出電阻率，根據(jù)得到的相應階次的主頻，推算相應階次的百分頻散率。 電阻串試驗及阻容試驗分析部分。經(jīng)過一系列理論分析之后，根據(jù)電阻串實驗得到的數(shù)據(jù)對比理論值，得出將偽隨機編碼應用在高密度電法中，能夠完成對百分頻散率的測量的結(jié)論。
[Abstract]:Pseudorandom coding is a coding method that generates corresponding pseudorandom signals according to the need of operation according to the predefined pseudorandom function. The generated pseudorandom signals have multi-order main frequency. The characteristic of pseudo-random signal supplying multi-order main frequency at one time can help the high-density electric method to overcome the influence of polarization effect. The relatively accurate apparent resistivity of the same frequency can be calculated from these signals with multi-order main frequency. The parameters such as dispersion rate play a great role in calculating the structure of the address body and the types and distribution of orebodies below the surface of the earth's surface. At present, there are many kinds of high-density electrical equipment at home and abroad, but generally speaking, the emission technology is very similar, and the square wave signal with duty cycle of 1:1 is mostly used. Direct current method can not overcome the effect of polarization effect caused by the polarization of grounding electrode. In order to get a relatively accurate polarizability, the conventional DC high-density electric method is usually equipped with two sets of electrode systems, one set of emission electrode and one set of measuring electrode, which have high cost, complex operation and heavy instrument. The disadvantages of inconvenient field experiments and high failure rate make it inconvenient to use DC high density electrical instruments. In this paper, the implementation of pseudorandom coding in high-density electrical measurement is studied in detail, including the design of human-computer interface, the generation of pseudo-random signals, the data processing and the calculation of related parameters. Resistance test and resistance and capacitance test analysis part, the result verification part, the above several parts are the main research content of this paper. The part of pseudorandom signal generation introduces the compiling rule and generating principle of pseudorandom coding, the generation of third, fifth and seventh order pseudorandom signal and its Fourier spectrum. Three parts of the pseudorandom signal used in the reckoning transmitter are derived from the pseudorandom function mentioned in academician He Jishan's wide area electromagnetic method and pseudorandom signal Electric method. Its generating principle is similar to some addition rule of binary number. The pseudorandom signal used in transmitter is a signal composed of three digital codes. The upper computer part. The upper computer is designed with C program language, which makes the operator communicate with the high density electric instrument by operating the microcomputer. The program is developed by the Microsoft Visual Studio2005 design platform. The program includes parameter setting part, oscilloscope display part, instrument return information display part, and operator operation part. Adjustable oscilloscope display when horizontal axis and longitudinal axis length, free to set data storage directory, can add custom pole run and so on. Data processing and calculation of related geoelectric parameters. This part is to extract the measured data from the binary files saved by the upper computer program, after a series of processing, the unit is converted into the true value, and then the resistivity is calculated. According to the main frequency of the corresponding order, the dispersion rate of the corresponding order is calculated. After a series of theoretical analysis, the pseudorandom coding is applied to high density electrical method according to the theoretical value of the data obtained from the resistance string test. Can complete the measurement of the dispersion rate of 100.
【學位授予單位】：吉林大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P631.3

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