發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-03-23 03:31

  本文選題：石筍　切入點(diǎn)：全新世　出處：《西南大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：近年來,全球氣候明顯變暖,極端天氣加劇,氣候變化研究在世界范圍內(nèi)展開,古氣候作為現(xiàn)代和未來氣候環(huán)境變化的重要參照系,已成為當(dāng)今國際上地學(xué)領(lǐng)域的一大研究熱點(diǎn)。全新世是地質(zhì)時(shí)代的最新階段,是人類出現(xiàn)與人類文明高度發(fā)展的時(shí)期,人類當(dāng)前社會(huì)的一切繁榮、富強(qiáng)、發(fā)展、進(jìn)步都發(fā)生在全新世,因此全新世的研究對(duì)人類意義重大。已有研究顯示,亞洲季風(fēng)區(qū)內(nèi)全新世氣候變化并不穩(wěn)定,內(nèi)部存在弱季風(fēng)事件,但這些研究大多側(cè)重于對(duì)季風(fēng)整體變化趨勢(shì)及其驅(qū)動(dòng)機(jī)制進(jìn)行探討,弱季風(fēng)事件也主要探討4.2ka BP和8.2ka BP事件,對(duì)于其他高分辨率弱季風(fēng)事件及其機(jī)制研究探討很少。高分辨率石筍記錄是古氣候重建的重要地質(zhì)載體,本文以重慶金佛山黑風(fēng)洞所在區(qū)域?yàn)檠芯繀^(qū),利用黑風(fēng)洞HF01石筍測(cè)試所得的31個(gè)230Th數(shù)據(jù)建立精確年代模式,與石筍δ13C、δ18O和灰度數(shù)據(jù)建立全新世時(shí)段高分辨率石筍記錄,還結(jié)合其他地質(zhì)記錄探討全新世時(shí)期的氣候變化規(guī)律及弱季風(fēng)事件,并通過與北半球夏季33℃太陽輻射能量變化曲線對(duì)比及功率譜和小波分析,探討全新世氣候冷暖波動(dòng)及亞洲季風(fēng)變化的可能驅(qū)動(dòng)機(jī)制,以及與北大西洋氣候的相關(guān)關(guān)系。得出如下結(jié)論：(1)黑風(fēng)洞石筍HF01全新世高分辨率δ18O記錄發(fā)現(xiàn)：① 11.5ka BP～10.4ka BP,氧同位素值的波動(dòng)范圍為-8.43～-9.22‰,平均值-8.88‰,與湖北三寶洞SB43、貴州董哥洞D4、阿曼Q5等石筍δ18O記錄表現(xiàn)出的逐漸偏負(fù)的變化趨勢(shì)不同,HF01石筍的δ18O在這一時(shí)段變化比較穩(wěn)定,并無明顯偏負(fù)趨勢(shì),可能是由于受到區(qū)域性因素的影響,導(dǎo)致氣候響應(yīng)機(jī)制的不同；② 10.4ka BP～5.7ka BP這一階段,δ18O明顯偏負(fù),這一時(shí)期該地氣候相當(dāng)溫暖濕潤(rùn),是全新世季風(fēng)最強(qiáng)時(shí)期,響應(yīng)于太陽輻射的高值,該時(shí)間段內(nèi)季風(fēng)總體平穩(wěn)但存在一些弱季風(fēng)事件,最為強(qiáng)烈的就是8.2ka BP,表現(xiàn)出雙峰結(jié)構(gòu)。③ 5.7ka BP～0.5ka BP,δ18O值波動(dòng)范圍介于-6.64～-9.11‰,平均值為-7.72‰,石筍δ18O從5.7kaBP開始的逐漸偏正到后來的持續(xù)偏正,是整個(gè)全新世δ18O最為偏正的時(shí)期,根據(jù)變化幅度的不同,可以劃分為5.7ka BP～4.2ka BP石筍δ18O迅速偏正和4.2ka BP～0.5ka BP石筍δ18O緩慢偏正兩個(gè)階段,季風(fēng)演化表現(xiàn)為持續(xù)衰退到4.2ka BP后的緩慢衰減。這兩個(gè)時(shí)期的分界線4.2ka BP事件是發(fā)生在全新世中后期最重要、影響最大的氣候突變事件,其范圍波及整個(gè)北半球。(2)石筍氧碳同位素、灰度與北大西洋氣候記錄對(duì)比中,石筍δ13C和灰度在冷期表現(xiàn)出與北大西洋氣候記錄振蕩形式上的一致性,表明在百年—千年事件尺度上主要受控于當(dāng)?shù)販囟茸兓?石筍δ13C和灰度對(duì)溫度的響應(yīng)模式為：溫度增高,地表植被生物量增加,土壤微生物量上限提高,土壤CO2產(chǎn)率增高,導(dǎo)致土壤CO2的δ13C值偏負(fù),同時(shí),洞穴通風(fēng)作用減弱,使石筍的δ13C值偏負(fù)；相應(yīng)的土壤中有機(jī)質(zhì)含量也增加,洞穴滴水中的有機(jī)質(zhì)也隨之增多,灰度值升高；反之,溫度降低導(dǎo)致地表生物量減少,洞穴通風(fēng)作用加強(qiáng),石筍的δ13C值偏正,土壤中有機(jī)質(zhì)含量也減少,灰度值降低。HF01石筍δ13C和灰度都很好的記錄了全新世弱季風(fēng)事件,與冰芯、黃土、湖泊、孢粉等考古史料所得的結(jié)論有很好的對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系。并指出雖然石筍δ13C和灰度有良好的對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系,也都能夠反映北大西洋全新世氣候變化,但還是有所差別：石筍灰度單獨(dú)的記錄了早全新世11.2ka BP冷事件,與北大西洋Bond 8事件在誤差范圍內(nèi)一致,也與中國西南地區(qū)紅原泥炭纖維素δ13C記錄很好的對(duì)應(yīng),而石筍δ13C對(duì)這一冷事件反映不甚明顯；石筍δ13C和灰度對(duì)Bond 6事件響應(yīng)時(shí)間不一致；石筍δ13C和灰度對(duì)2.8ka事件反映強(qiáng)度差別也比較大。最后說明二者出現(xiàn)差異的可能原因是由于測(cè)定介質(zhì)來源的不同(石筍δ13C主要來源于土壤中CO2的δ13C；石筍灰度掃描光線不同主要是滴水中的有機(jī)質(zhì)含量不同)和測(cè)定方式(石筍δ13C是儀器分析；灰度是掃描儀掃描結(jié)果)不同導(dǎo)致的。(3)石筍HF01碳氧同位素與北半球夏季33°太陽輻射能量變化曲線基本一致,灰度的功率譜分析顯示出與太陽活動(dòng)相對(duì)應(yīng)的周期,說明該地季風(fēng)氣候演化主要是受軌道誘導(dǎo)的太陽輻射能量的宏觀調(diào)控作用。同時(shí),Matlab也分析出除太陽輻射影響之外,北大西洋氣候也控制著低緯季風(fēng)的變化,尤其是在百年—千年時(shí)間尺度上,高緯地區(qū)的氣候變化也可能影響著亞洲季風(fēng)的變化過程,季風(fēng)區(qū)內(nèi)氣候和高緯地區(qū)氣候變化遙相關(guān)。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the global climate warming, extreme weather and climate change intensifies, research carried out in the world, the ancient climate as important reference for modern and future climate change, has become a research hotspot in the field of international geoscience. The Holocene is the new stage of geological era, and is the height of the development of human the period of human civilization, all the current human society prosperity, prosperity, development and progress have occurred in the Holocene, so the study of the Holocene is significant to the human race. It has been shown that the Asian monsoon region during the Holocene climate change is not stable, the internal weak monsoon events, but most of these studies focus on the whole monsoon the change trend and driving mechanism, weak monsoon events also focused on 4.2ka BP and 8.2ka BP events for other monsoon events and mechanism research of high resolution weak little. High resolution stalagmite records is an important carrier of geological reconstruction of paleoclimate, the Jinfo Mountain in Chongqing Batu Caves area as the study area, using 31 230Th HF01 data of Batu Caves stalagmite test obtained establish accurate age model, and the stalagmite Delta 13C Delta 18O, and establish the new world time gray data of high resolution stalagmite record, also combined with other geological to record the climate changes of Holocene and weak monsoon events, and through the northern hemisphere summer and 33 degrees of solar radiation energy curves and the comparison of power spectrum and wavelet analysis, explore the Holocene climate fluctuation and Asian monsoon changes may be driving mechanism, and their correlation with North Atlantic climate. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) Batu Caves stalagmite HF01 high resolution Holocene Delta 18O records found: 1. 11.5ka BP to 10.4ka BP, the fluctuation range of oxygen isotope values for -8.43 ~ -9.22%, The average value of -8.88%, and the three treasures of Hubei Dong SB43, Guizhou Dongge cave D4, changes gradually partial negative trend records show stalagmite Delta 18O Oman Q5, Delta 18O HF01 from changes in this period is relatively stable, there is no obvious negative trend may be due to regional factors. The response mechanism of different climate; this phase II 10.4ka BP ~ 5.7ka BP, Delta 18O was negative, in this period, the climate is warm and humid Holocene monsoon period is the strongest response, high value of solar radiation, the monsoon period is generally stable but there are some weak monsoon events, the most strong is 8.2ka BP, showing the structure of Shuangfeng. The 5.7ka BP ~ 0.5ka BP, 18O values range from -6.64 to -9.11%, with an average of -7.72%, 8 18O stalagmite 5.7kaBP from start to gradually biased to the later continuous partial, a Holocene Delta 18O For partial period, according to the variation of the different, can be divided into 5.7ka BP ~ 4.2ka BP 18O quickly pianzheng and stalagmite Delta 4.2ka BP ~ 0.5ka BP 8 18O pianzheng stalagmite slow two stages, monsoon evolution showed continued decline to 4.2ka BP after a slow decay. The two stages of the demarcation line of 4.2ka the BP event occurred in the late Holocene in the most important event, mutations affecting the largest climate, its range spread throughout the northern hemisphere. (2) stalagmite oxygen and carbon isotope, gray and North Atlantic climate record comparison, stalagmite Delta 13C and gray in the cold period showed consistency with the North Atlantic Oscillation on climate records and that is mainly controlled in a hundred years - Millennium event scale on the local temperature response model of delta 13C and gray stalagmite on temperature: the temperature increases, the surface vegetation biomass increased, soil microbial biomass increased soil CO2 yield limit increase, In Delta 13C soil CO2 value is negative, at the same time, weaken the cave ventilation effect, the delta 13C values of stalagmite negative; also increase the content of organic matter of the soil, the organic matter in the cave drip also increases the gray value increased; on the contrary, the temperature drop in the ground biomass reduction, strengthening the cave ventilation effect of delta 13C stalagmite value partial positive, but also reduce the content of organic matter in soil, gray value reduced.HF01 from Delta 13C and gray are very good record of Holocene weak monsoon events, and ice core, loess, lake, there is a good correlation between the sporopollen archaeological historical conclusion and pointed out that although there are. Good correspondence between 13C and 8 stalagmite gray, also can reflect the North Atlantic Holocene climate changes, but still has a difference: separate records of stalagmite gray early Holocene 11.2ka BP cold events, and the events in the North Atlantic Bond 8 error range consistent, Also with the corresponding Hongyuan peat cellulose Delta 13C has a very good record of Southwest Chinese, and delta 13C of the stalagmite reflect the cold event is not very obvious; stalagmite Delta 13C and Bond 6 on the gray incident response time inconsistency; stalagmite Delta 13C and 2.8ka events reflect on gray intensity difference is relatively large. The description of the two possible reason for the difference is determined by different media sources (from Delta 13C mainly came from the soil in the CO2 Delta 13C; gray scale scanning light is different from the content of organic matter in different water) and methods (stalagmite Delta 13C is the instrument analysis; gray scale scanning is different. (results) 3) HF01 stalagmite carbon and oxygen isotopes and the northern hemisphere summer 33 degree solar radiation energy curve is consistent, gray power spectrum analysis shows that periodic correspond to the solar activity, shows the evolution of the monsoon climate is mainly affected by the The role of macro-control track induced by solar radiation energy. At the same time, Matlab also analyzed besides the influence of solar radiation, the North Atlantic climate change also controls the low latitude monsoon, especially in the Centennial millennial time scale, climate change in high latitudes may also affect the change process of Asian monsoon, monsoon region in the high latitude climate and climate change teleconnection.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：P534.632;P532

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