本文選題：探地雷達(dá)　切入點(diǎn)：復(fù)墾土壤　出處：《中國地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：填埋式復(fù)墾常用于治理煤礦采空區(qū)的塌陷和開裂等問題。然而,對(duì)塌陷區(qū)、采空區(qū)復(fù)墾充填后,隨著時(shí)間的推移,土體地層因地下水滲透、降水淋漓會(huì)發(fā)生自然沉降,導(dǎo)致地表出現(xiàn)凹陷、裂縫等問題,嚴(yán)重影響了復(fù)墾工程的有效性。土壤取樣、開挖剖面、工程斷面等傳統(tǒng)評(píng)價(jià)復(fù)墾工程的方法存在探測(cè)范圍窄,樣本少,效率低等缺陷,探地雷達(dá)是應(yīng)用高頻電磁波的探測(cè)技術(shù),能快速、無損地探測(cè)淺地表地層結(jié)構(gòu),是應(yīng)用于復(fù)墾工程評(píng)價(jià)的有效探測(cè)技術(shù)。本課題基于山西省晉城市澤州縣巴公鎮(zhèn)西郜村原生土地和復(fù)墾土地的不均勻沉降、裂縫發(fā)育等問題,設(shè)計(jì)原生土地和復(fù)墾土地探地雷達(dá)探測(cè)實(shí)驗(yàn),利用MALA型探地雷達(dá)探測(cè)原生土壤沉降區(qū)和復(fù)墾區(qū)的土體結(jié)構(gòu)。針對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)區(qū)的探地雷達(dá)數(shù)據(jù)中存在的水平強(qiáng)軸、強(qiáng)干擾隨機(jī)噪音和縱向分辨率低等難題,應(yīng)用水平濾波、Curvelet變換閾值去噪等方法去除橫向和隨機(jī)噪音,應(yīng)用預(yù)測(cè)反褶積方法提高縱向分辨率,結(jié)合常規(guī)探地雷達(dá)數(shù)據(jù)處理技術(shù),處理得出信噪比較高的探地雷達(dá)數(shù)據(jù)處理結(jié)果。結(jié)合實(shí)際土壤取樣、表層地貌特征等因素,綜合解釋探地雷達(dá)數(shù)據(jù),分析得到了復(fù)墾地淺部地層的土體結(jié)構(gòu),得到了復(fù)墾覆土產(chǎn)生裂縫的情況與填埋物及覆土厚度相關(guān)等規(guī)律。應(yīng)用探地雷達(dá)剖面區(qū)分不同類型的土壤地層、裂縫的分布特征等土體結(jié)構(gòu)信息,能對(duì)復(fù)墾工程做出有效評(píng)價(jià),發(fā)展了復(fù)墾區(qū)探地雷達(dá)數(shù)據(jù)處理技術(shù)和復(fù)墾評(píng)價(jià)的新技術(shù)。
[Abstract]:Landfill reclamation is often used to control the collapse and cracking of goaf in coal mine. However, in the subsidence area, after the reclamation and filling of the goaf, with time, the soil stratum will naturally settle because of the infiltration of groundwater, and the precipitation will be dripping. The problems such as sag and crack appear on the surface of the earth, which seriously affect the effectiveness of reclamation engineering. The traditional methods of soil sampling, excavation section, engineering section and so on have some defects, such as narrow detection range, small sample size and low efficiency, etc. Ground penetrating radar (GPR) is a high frequency electromagnetic wave detection technology, which can detect the formation structure of shallow surface quickly and nondestructive. This subject is based on the problems of uneven settlement and crack development of native land and reclaimed land in Bagong Town, Xigao Village, Zezhou County, Jincheng City, Shanxi Province. In this paper, the primary land and reclaimed land ground radar detection experiments are designed, and the soil structure in the primary soil subsidence area and the reclamation area is detected by using the MALA type ground penetrating radar. The horizontal strong axis of the ground penetrating radar data in the experimental area is discussed. In order to solve the problems of strong interference random noise and low longitudinal resolution, horizontal filtering and Curvelet transform threshold denoising methods are used to remove transverse and random noise, and predictive deconvolution method is applied to improve vertical resolution, combined with conventional ground penetrating radar data processing technology. The results of ground penetrating radar data processing with high SNR are obtained. Combined with actual soil sampling, surface geomorphologic characteristics and other factors, the soil structure of shallow stratum of reclaimed land is analyzed by comprehensively interpreting ground penetrating radar data. In this paper, the relationship between the formation of cracks in reclaimed soil and landfills and the thickness of overlying soil is obtained. By using GPR section to distinguish different types of soil strata, the distribution characteristics of cracks and other soil structure information, the effective evaluation of reclamation engineering can be made. The data processing technology of ground penetrating radar in reclamation area and the new technology of reclamation evaluation are developed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：P631.3;TD88

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