本文選題：跨斷層　切入點：短水準流動觀測　出處：《西安科技大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：地球,一直經歷著多種自然災害的影響。在眾多自然災害中,地震是給人類社會帶來巨大災難的一種自然現(xiàn)象。特別是在造成經濟損失、人員傷亡以及工程建設等方面具有巨大的破壞性,以及給人口稠密、工業(yè)發(fā)達的地區(qū)造成的損傷的嚴重性,堪稱眾多自然災害之首。因此,地震預測預報早已引起世界各國的高度重視,也是一項既迫于回答、又需要長期的探索總結才能解決的世界性科學難題。通過研究地震前兆異常信息,作為地震預測預報的依據(jù)具有重要的意義,同時對工程建設、防震減災事業(yè)有重大意義。本文則是對西秦嶺、青藏高原東北緣的蘭州—天水—武都監(jiān)測區(qū)域的短水準觀測數(shù)據(jù)進行處理,分析討論震前斷層形變異常特征及與地震活動的關系。通過對已有數(shù)據(jù)資料的認真、嚴謹?shù)挠嬎?全面、深入的分析研究及系統(tǒng)性的梳理,結合該研究區(qū)域的已有GPS水平運動形變、區(qū)域水準垂直運動形變及重力異常的研究結果為背景,以甘肅岷縣6.6級地震為實例分析。主要取得以下初步性研究成果和認識:(1)短水準觀測反映的震前斷層活動存在明顯異常,異常形態(tài)主要有趨勢型和突變型兩大類;異常持續(xù)時間與震中距、震級在局部上存在一定的比例關系;異常幅度與震中距在局部上存在著正比關系;(2)短水準觀測反映的斷層形變異常幅度偏離動態(tài)基值線超出2倍擬合中誤差后一段時間內極有可能發(fā)生地震。(3)岷縣6.6級地震可能發(fā)生在青藏塊體水平運動受阻,區(qū)域垂直運動和重力變化高梯度帶背景下,同時震區(qū)跨斷層短水準觀測反映的斷層形變異常偏離動態(tài)基值線幅度2倍擬合中誤差的尖點突跳和“W”型波動后;且本次地震前斷層形變異常表現(xiàn)為震中距為50~100km形變異常顯著,且幅度較大;異常形態(tài)呈短-臨期“V”型突跳和“W/M”型波動,異常持續(xù)時間多以短期4~12個月為主。
[Abstract]:The earth has been experiencing various natural disasters. Many natural disasters, the earthquake is a natural phenomenon that has brought great disaster to human society. Especially in the economic losses caused by devastating casualties and construction, as well as for population density, resulting in serious developed industrial areas the injury, as many natural disasters. Therefore, earthquake prediction has attracted great attention in the world, is also a forced answer, and the need for long-term exploration of the world of science. In order to solve the problem through the study of seismic anomaly information, it is important to predict the earthquake forecast as the basis, at the same time on the construction, is of great significance to earthquake prevention and disaster reduction. This paper is on the west of Qinling Mountains, short leveling the northeastern margin of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau in Lanzhou Tianshui Wudu area monitoring Data processing, analysis and discussion of fault deformation anomaly before the earthquake characteristics and relationship with seismic activities. Based on the existing data of the serious, rigorous calculation, comprehensive research and systematic analysis and in-depth analysis, combined with the existing deformation of GPS horizontal movement in the study area of research, regional level vertical movement deformation and gravity anomaly the background, in Gansu Minxian 6.6 earthquake as an example analysis. The following preliminary research results and understanding: (1) there are obvious abnormal fault activities reflect the leveling data before the earthquake, abnormal shape to the trend and mutant two categories; the duration time and epicentral distance, there are certain magnitude the ratio between the local anomaly magnitude and epicentral distance; a proportional relationship exists in the local; (2) the fault deformation anomaly amplitude reflects the leveling data from more than 2 times the dynamic base value line fitting A period of time after the error is very likely the earthquake. (3) Minxian 6.6 earthquake occurred in the Qinghai Tibet block may be blocked horizontal movement, vertical movement and regional high gradient zone of gravity variation under the background of cusp earthquake fault deformation process also reflects the cross fault leveling data base line dynamic deviation amplitude error 2 in the times of fitting jump and "W" type wave after the earthquake; and the performance of fault deformation anomaly before the epicentral distance for 50~100km deformation was significantly abnormal, and the amplitude is large; the anomalies were short - the advent of "V" and "W/M" type of jump volatility anomaly duration in short-term 4~12 months..

【學位授予單位】：西安科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P315.7

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相關期刊論文 前1條

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本文編號：1641504