本文選題：花崗巖　切入點：大陸演化　出處：《巖石學(xué)報》2017年05期 　論文類型：期刊論文

【摘要】：地球是宇宙中迄今唯一發(fā)現(xiàn)有花崗巖的星球。從物質(zhì)組成而言,大洋的核心問題是玄武巖,大陸的核心問題是花崗巖�；◢弾r從被發(fā)現(xiàn)的那一天起,圍繞它的產(chǎn)狀、成因和演化過程及其地質(zhì)意義的爭論就沒有停止過。最早的陸殼由長英質(zhì)片麻巖TTG組成,TTG不能從地幔中直接熔出,是地幔熔融的玄武巖再次熔融形成的。初始的陸殼富鈉,太古宙以后的陸殼開始明顯富鉀。洋殼的壽命僅2~3億年,陸殼的壽命可長達40~44億年�；◢弾r記錄了大陸形成與演化的全過程,大陸演化對于認知地球具有無法替代的作用。因此,花崗巖在某種程度上可以作為陸殼的代用詞。20世紀60年代興起的板塊構(gòu)造理論是地球科學(xué)的一次革命,但是,板塊構(gòu)造理論并未解決大陸形成、演化和改造的根本問題。此外,花崗巖與大陸成礦作用關(guān)系也非常密切�；◢弾r成因還存在諸多待解難題。對花崗巖的研究,只有跳出巖石學(xué)和巖石地球化學(xué)的范疇,才能真正理解大陸構(gòu)造的問題�；◢弾r所凝聚的科學(xué)問題是對板塊構(gòu)造理論的巨大挑戰(zhàn),也是固體地球科學(xué)理論創(chuàng)新的重大機遇�；◢弾r研究從巖石地球化學(xué)層面躍升到陸殼演化層面,是研究思維和理論創(chuàng)新的突破,是21世紀花崗巖研究的重大轉(zhuǎn)折。
[Abstract]:Earth is the only planet in the universe that has so far found granite. In terms of material composition, the core problem in the ocean is basalt, and the core problem in the continent is granite. Granite has been around its occurrence since the day it was discovered. The origin and evolution process and its geological significance have never stopped. The earliest continental crust composed of felsic gneiss TTG could not melt out directly from the mantle, and was formed by the melting of mantle basalts again. The initial continental crust was rich in sodium. After Archean, the continental crust was obviously rich in potassium. The lifetime of oceanic crust was only 2 ~ 300 million years, and that of continental crust could be up to 40 ~ 4.4 billion years. Granite recorded the whole process of continental formation and evolution. Continental evolution has an irreplaceable role in understanding the Earth. Therefore, the theory of plate tectonics, which arose in 60s in the 20th century, is a revolution in earth science, but, to some extent, granite can be used as a proxy for continental crust. The theory of plate tectonics has not solved the fundamental problems of continental formation, evolution and transformation. In addition, the relationship between granites and continental mineralization is also very close. Only by going beyond the realm of petrology and geochemistry can we really understand the problems of continental tectonics. The scientific problems condensed by granite are a great challenge to the theory of plate tectonics. It is also a great opportunity for the theoretical innovation of solid earth science. The leaping of granite research from petrogeochemical level to continental crust evolution level is a breakthrough in research thinking and theoretical innovation, and is a major turning point in granite research in 21th century.
【作者單位】： 中國科學(xué)院地質(zhì)與地球物理研究所;浙江大學(xué)地球科學(xué)學(xué)院;
【基金】：中國科學(xué)院先導(dǎo)項目(XDB1803020)和前沿課題(QYZDY-SSW-DQco17)聯(lián)合資助
【分類號】：P588.121

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