本文選題：龍門(mén)山南段　切入點(diǎn)：平衡剖面　出處：《成都理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：2013年4月20日,在龍門(mén)山南段的雅安市蘆山縣發(fā)生了M7.0級(jí)地震,引起了人們對(duì)龍門(mén)山南段構(gòu)造變形的關(guān)注。本文以相關(guān)基金課題為支撐,通過(guò)平衡剖面、砂箱物理模擬等手段,基于典型地震剖面、地層展布等資料,結(jié)合歷史地震數(shù)據(jù),對(duì)龍門(mén)山南段及其前緣地區(qū)進(jìn)行構(gòu)造帶劃分,并計(jì)算三疊世以來(lái)不同時(shí)期的各構(gòu)造帶縮短量,討論了龍門(mén)山南段及其前緣地區(qū)構(gòu)造動(dòng)力學(xué)機(jī)制。主要得到以下幾點(diǎn)認(rèn)識(shí)和結(jié)論:(1)龍門(mén)山造山帶具有地層復(fù)雜多樣、構(gòu)造上分帶分段、地貌上分界的特點(diǎn)。龍門(mén)山南段及其前緣地區(qū)在構(gòu)造和地貌上不同于中、北段。該區(qū)晚新生代變形強(qiáng)烈,地形起伏度較大,發(fā)育一系列斷層相關(guān)褶皺。(2)龍門(mén)山南段及其前緣地區(qū)可以劃分為龍門(mén)山?jīng)_斷帶和龍門(mén)山前緣擴(kuò)展變形帶。龍門(mén)山南段前緣地區(qū)的構(gòu)造樣式具有明顯的垂向分層的變形特點(diǎn),其間發(fā)育至少三個(gè)滑脫層,可分淺部滑脫層、中部滑脫層和深部滑脫層。在淺部滑脫層滑脫層之上,從雙石斷裂向東至龍泉山構(gòu)造帶,發(fā)育數(shù)排平行排列或斜列的斷層相關(guān)褶皺,它們均以中下三疊統(tǒng)富膏鹽巖層為底部滑脫面。在該滑脫層之下,則很好地保存了先期的壘-塹式張性構(gòu)造。(3)龍門(mén)山構(gòu)造帶斷裂的活動(dòng)生長(zhǎng)產(chǎn)生的部分位移通過(guò)滑脫層向山前傳遞,遇到盲斷坡的阻擋,則向相鄰斷層-滑脫褶皺帶傳遞,穿過(guò)背斜核部沿主滑脫面繼續(xù)向山前和盆地方向傳遞,縮短量的遞減規(guī)律指示了構(gòu)造應(yīng)力的傳遞與衰減。(4)砂箱物理模擬實(shí)驗(yàn)可以直觀再現(xiàn)大尺度區(qū)域構(gòu)造和小尺度局部構(gòu)造的原型及其發(fā)育過(guò)程,反映了不同性質(zhì)的滑脫層或相同性質(zhì)的滑脫層埋深不同所形成的構(gòu)造樣式的不同,一般為有無(wú)滑脫層、滑脫層粘性、滑脫層埋深等均可影響構(gòu)造樣式的差異。(5)蘆山地震與汶川地震之間存在一定的聯(lián)系,汶川地震對(duì)蘆山地震具有誘發(fā)作用。兩次地震機(jī)制不同,反映了龍門(mén)山地震帶不同段、帶的不同地震模式。(6)對(duì)比平衡剖面恢復(fù)結(jié)果和砂箱物理模擬實(shí)驗(yàn),可以直觀的再現(xiàn)四川盆地西南部變形構(gòu)造的時(shí)空演化規(guī)律。由早期到晚期構(gòu)造樣式存在一定的演化順序:寬緩褶皺期、沖起構(gòu)造期、三角構(gòu)造期、疊瓦沖斷期;由盆地邊緣向盆地內(nèi)部構(gòu)造樣式也存在一定的變化規(guī)律:盆緣疊瓦逆沖斷層帶、盆內(nèi)斷層三角構(gòu)造帶、盆內(nèi)凸起構(gòu)造帶、中央寬緩褶皺帶。
[Abstract]:In April 20th 2013, an M 7.0 earthquake occurred in Lushan County, Ya'an City, south of Longmen Mountain, which aroused people's attention to structural deformation in the southern section of Longmen Mountain. Based on the data of typical seismic section and stratigraphic distribution and historical seismic data, the structural zones in the south section of Longmen Mountain and its front edge are divided, and the shortening amounts of each tectonic belt in different periods since Triassic are calculated. This paper discusses the tectonic dynamic mechanism of the south segment of Longmen Mountain and its leading area. The main conclusions are as follows: the Longmenshan orogenic belt has complex strata and is divided into zones. The characteristics of geomorphological demarcation. The south segment of Longmen Mountain and its leading area are different in structure and geomorphology from the middle and north segment. The late Cenozoic deformation in this area is strong, and the relief degree of topography is large. A series of fault-related folds. 2) the south segment of Longmen Mountain and its leading area can be divided into Longmen Mountain thrust belt and Longmen Mountain front spreading deformation zone. There are at least three layers of slippage, which can be divided into shallow layer, middle layer and deep layer. Several rows of parallel or oblique fault-related folds are developed, all of which take the Middle and Lower Triassic gypsum rich rock formations as the bottom slip surface. The partial displacement generated by the active growth of the faults in the Longmenshan tectonic belt is transferred to the front of the mountain through the slip layer, and when the blind fault slope is blocked, the displacement is transferred to the adjacent fault-slip fold belt. Passing through the core of the anticline along the main slip surface continues to pass towards the front of the mountain and in the direction of the basin. The decreasing law of shortening indicates that the physical simulation experiment of sand box can directly reproduce the prototype and development process of large scale regional structure and small scale local structure. It reflects the different structural styles formed by the different properties of the slippage or the different buried depth of the same kind of slippage, usually whether there is a slippage or not, and whether the slippage is viscous. There is a certain relationship between the Lushan earthquake and the Wenchuan earthquake, and the Wenchuan earthquake can induce the Lushan earthquake. The mechanism of the two earthquakes is different, which reflects the different segments of the Longmenshan seismic belt. The different seismic models of the belt are compared with the balance section recovery results and the sand box physical simulation experiments. The temporal and spatial evolution of deformed structures in southwestern Sichuan Basin can be visualized. There are certain order of evolution from early to late period: wide and slow fold period, thrust tectonic period, triangle tectonic period, imbricate thrust period; From the margin of the basin to the interior of the basin, there are also some changes in the structural style of the basin: the brick-thrust zone in the basin margin, the fault triangle structural belt in the basin, the protruding structural belt in the basin, and the wide and gentle central fold zone in the center.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：成都理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：P315.2

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