本文選題：高溫高壓　切入點：敏感性　出處：《長江大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：南海西部油田公司下屬東方氣田黃流組儲層平均地層溫度150℃,平均地層壓力53MPa。通過對東方氣田三井區(qū)巖心的高溫高壓儲層敏感性實驗研究,發(fā)現(xiàn)東方13-1井區(qū)敏感性以水敏和賈敏損害為主,其他敏感性損害較弱。東方1-1井區(qū)和東方13-2井區(qū)各敏感性損害均有發(fā)生,尤以速敏、水敏、酸敏和賈敏損害最強。通過對東方氣田三井區(qū)巖心的高溫高壓儲層敏感性實驗研究,發(fā)現(xiàn)東方13-1井區(qū)敏感性以水敏和賈敏損害為主,其他敏感性損害較弱。東方1-1井區(qū)和東方13-2井區(qū)各敏感性損害均有發(fā)生,尤以速敏、水敏、酸敏和賈敏損害最強。東方13-1井區(qū)速敏損害為弱,臨界流速較高,為48.95m/d；水敏程度弱-中等偏弱,臨界礦化度值為4648mg/L；堿敏、酸敏和應力敏損害弱,無臨界pH值,井區(qū)中僅東方13-1-4井測出9MPa的臨界應力值,單井損害程度高于其他井,達到中等偏弱應力敏損害。東方1-1井區(qū)速敏損害為弱,但臨界流速很低,僅為1.49m/d：水敏損害程度強,但臨界礦化度較低,為4648mg/L；堿敏損害程度為中等偏弱,臨界pH值8.5；酸敏損害率達到62%,損害程度中等偏強；應力敏損害弱,臨界應力值9MPa。東方13-2井區(qū)是整體損害最強的區(qū)塊,速敏、水敏和酸敏損害程度普遍為中等偏強-強,并具有臨界流速低的特點,值為1.45m/d,臨界礦化度各井差異較大,其中東方13-2-2井臨界礦化度為4648mg/L,東方13-2-8d井臨界礦化度最高,為13944mg/L,和地層水礦化度相同；堿敏損害程度與東方1-1井區(qū)持平,臨界pH值更低,為7；應力敏損害弱,臨界應力值15MPa。對比東方氣田高溫高壓與常溫常壓敏感性結果,發(fā)現(xiàn)高溫高壓對堿敏和水敏損害程度基本沒有影響,但對速敏和酸敏損害產(chǎn)生了一定的影響。東方13-2井區(qū)的高溫高壓速敏損害要明顯高于常溫常壓的,東方1-1井區(qū)和東方13-2井區(qū)在模擬地層溫壓條件下酸敏損害要明顯高于常溫常壓條件一個到兩個級別。儲集層損害機理主要可以分為以下兩方面。一是由于外來流體與儲集層巖石的相互作用,造成外來固相顆粒的侵入堵塞、不配伍的注入流體造成的敏感性損害、儲集層內部微粒運移造成的地層損害、出砂、細菌堵塞等；另一方面是由于外來流體與地層流體間的不配伍性,造成乳化堵塞、無機結垢堵塞、有機結垢堵塞、鐵銹與腐蝕產(chǎn)物的堵塞、地層內固相沉淀的堵塞。各損害因素往往是相互影響,甚至加劇了對地層的損害。在油田開發(fā)技術日益發(fā)展的過程中,國內外眾多地質專家在實踐過程中逐步認識到,影響油氣田采收率的因素不僅僅局限于儲集空間的成因類型和時空分布特征,開發(fā)過程中發(fā)生的儲層敏感性損害也是導致油田產(chǎn)量下降,采收率遭遇瓶頸的一大根本原因。儲層敏感性是指油氣田鉆探與后期開發(fā)過程中儲集層受損害的難易程度(即敏感性程度)。儲層敏感性損害可能發(fā)生在油氣藏開發(fā)的任何時間或空間,從鉆井到注水等一系列措施都可能導致儲層敏感性損害的發(fā)生,因此預防儲層敏感性損害是一項長期、艱巨的任務。在油氣田開發(fā)初期及時進行儲層敏感性的研究可以為鉆井泥漿配方設計、油氣田開采速度、注水方案設計等提供重要依據(jù),并能防止在后續(xù)勘探作業(yè)中發(fā)生“誤診”,敏感性等儲層保護工作是油氣田長期、穩(wěn)定開采的重要基石。在高溫高壓實驗環(huán)境下的儲層保護研究方面,陸續(xù)有研究人員進行了高溫高壓鉆井液濾失、高溫高壓工作液性能優(yōu)化等方面的研究,而對模擬地層環(huán)境的高溫高壓儲層敏感性研究還極少,對于高溫高壓與常溫常壓條件下的儲層敏感性差異沒有一個確切的認識,有必要進行這方面的先驅性實驗研究,明確高溫高壓敏感性實驗的必要性。東方1-1井區(qū)和東方13-2井區(qū)整體敏感性強的主因是其粘土礦物含量相對較高,高嶺石、伊蒙混層、綠泥石等均有大面積分布,且存在黃鐵礦和無定形硅等礦物成分加劇損害。東方氣田整體應力敏損害較弱是因為研究區(qū)砂巖碎屑中石英含量高達60%-76%,石英含量占絕對優(yōu)勢,石英強度極高,在外力作用下抵抗變形的能力強,不易形變。
[Abstract]:Nanhai West Oil Company Dongfang Huangliu formation reservoir average temperature is 150 degrees centigrade, the average formation pressure of 53MPa. through the sensitivity test of high temperature and high pressure reservoir on the core of Dongfang District found that the sensitivity of Mitsui, East 13-1 wells to water sensitivity and Jia Min damage, other damage sensitivity is weak. The East 1-1 well area and East 13-2 well the sensitivity damage have occurred, especially in the velocity sensitivity, water sensitivity, acid sensitivity and Jia Min damage. By studying the sensitivity of the strongest high pressure reservoir of the core area of Dongfang Mitsui found in the East, 13-1 well area sensitive to water sensitivity and Jia Min damage, other damage sensitivity is weak. The East region and 1-1 wells the East 13-2 wells each sensitivity damage has occurred, especially in the velocity sensitivity, water sensitivity, acid sensitivity and Jia Min damage. 13-1 well area east the strongest velocity sensitivity is weak, the critical velocity is high, 48.95m/d water sensitive process; The degree of weak - medium weak, critical salinity value 4648mg/L; alkali sensitivity, acid sensitivity and stress sensitivity is weak, no critical value of pH well area only East 13-1-4 wells measured critical 9MPa stress values, single well damage degree is higher than other wells to medium weak stress sensitivity damage. The East 1-1 wells area velocity sensitivity is weak, but the critical velocity is very low, only 1.49m/d: the damage of water sensitivity is strong, but the critical salinity is low, 4648mg/L; alkali sensitivity degree is medium weak, the critical value of 8.5 pH; acid sensitivity damage rate reached 62%, the damage degree of moderate to strong stress sensitivity damage is weak; the critical stress value, 9MPa. East 13-2 well area is to block the strongest overall damage velocity sensitivity, water sensitivity and acid sensitivity damage level is generally moderate to strong - strong, and has the characteristics of low critical velocity, 1.45m/d value, critical salinity of each well is different, the Oriental 13-2-2 wells critical salinity is 4648mg/L Oriental, 13-2- Well 8D critical salinity highest is 13944mg/L, and the same salinity; alkali sensitive damage and the East 1-1 well flat, critical lower pH value, 7; the stress sensitivity is weak, the critical stress value of 15MPa. contrast of Dongfang high temperature and high pressure and at normal temperature and pressure sensitivity of the results, we have no effect on the high temperature and high pressure alkali sensitivity and water sensitivity damage degree, but have a certain influence on the velocity sensitivity and acid sensitivity damage. High temperature and high pressure velocity sensitive damage East 13-2 well area was higher than that of normal temperature and pressure, the East 1-1 well area and East 13-2 well area in simulated formation conditions of damage of acid sensitivity was higher than that of normal temperature and pressure one to two levels. The reservoir damage mechanism can be divided into the following two aspects. One is due to the interaction of reservoir rock and fluid reservoir outside, blockage is invaded by exotic solid particles, the incompatibility of injected into the fluid The sensitivity of damage to reservoir formation damage caused by the internal layer of sand particle migration, bacteria blockage; on the other hand is due to incompatibility between the outer fluid and stratum fluid, emulsion plugging caused by fouling, inorganic, organic fouling, clogging, rust and corrosion products, blocking the precipitation formation. Each damage factor is often mutual influence, and even increase the formation damage. In the process of growing oil development technology, many domestic and foreign geological experts to gradually realized in the practice process, the influence factors of oil and gas recovery is not limited to the reservoir space types and spatial distribution characteristics of the reservoir. The sensitivity of damage occurred in the development process also leads to the decline of oil production and recovery suffered a major root causes. The reservoir sensitivity refers to the drilling process and the late development of reservoir damage And the degree of difficulty (i.e. sensitivity). The sensitivity of reservoir damage may occur at any time or space for the development of oil and gas reservoirs, a series of measures from drilling to water injection can lead to reservoir damage, thus preventing reservoir damage is a long-term and arduous task. In the early stage of oil gas field development and timely research of reservoir sensitivity can be designed for drilling mud formula, velocity of oil and gas exploration, provide an important basis for water injection program design, and can prevent in the subsequent exploration "misdiagnosis", the sensitivity of reservoir protection is an important cornerstone of long-term stability of oil and gas, mining. Research on reservoir protection areas in the experiment of high temperature and high pressure environment, have researchers conducted a high temperature and high pressure drilling fluid of high temperature and high pressure working fluid, performance optimization, and the simulation environment of high layer Study on high temperature reservoir sensitivity is very few, do not have an exact understanding of reservoir sensitivity differences in high temperature and high pressure and normal temperature conditions, it is necessary to carry out pioneering experimental research in this area, to make clear the necessity of high temperature and high pressure sensitivity experiments. The East 1-1 well area and the East 13-2 well area overall sensitivity is the main reason the relatively high content of clay minerals, kaolinite, illite smectite, chlorite have large area distribution, and the presence of pyrite and amorphous silicon minerals increased damage. Dongfang overall stress sensitivity is weak because quartz clastic sandstone in the study area as high as 60%-76%, the content of quartz quartz dominated, high intensity, under the action of external force to resist deformation ability is strong, not easy to deformation.

【學位授予單位】：長江大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P618.13

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