本文選題：構(gòu)造特征　切入點(diǎn)：保存條件　出處：《西南石油大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：近年來,頁巖氣的勘探開發(fā)飽受關(guān)注,川渝黔地區(qū)成為頁巖氣開發(fā)主戰(zhàn)場。本文重點(diǎn)研究渝東南地區(qū)下古生界五峰組-龍馬溪組頁巖構(gòu)造特征和頁巖氣保存條件,并初步預(yù)測保存有利區(qū)塊,為五峰組-龍馬溪組下一步勘探提供依據(jù)。 在6條野外剖面觀測和4口井巖心觀察描述的基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合區(qū)域構(gòu)造背景分析,系統(tǒng)論述渝東南地區(qū)五峰組-龍馬溪組頁巖層系構(gòu)造特征,五峰組-龍馬溪組頁巖氣藏的保存條件。 研究表明渝東南地區(qū)受到加里東運(yùn)動、印支運(yùn)動、燕山運(yùn)動及喜山運(yùn)動等多期構(gòu)造作用。該區(qū)構(gòu)造變形特征以擠壓變形為主,兼有走滑的性質(zhì),褶皺和斷裂構(gòu)造非常發(fā)育,褶皺整體上以北東向、北北東向展布為主,且褶皺的軸面傾向南東居多。由北西向南東,褶皺依次為隔擋式褶皺、城垛狀褶皺、隔槽式褶皺。渝東南地區(qū)有北東向、北北東向、北西向、南北向四組斷裂體系,斷裂以北東向和北西向?yàn)橹?且傾角較大。 渝東南地區(qū)構(gòu)造裂縫主要為剪性裂縫、張剪性裂縫,滑脫縫等。優(yōu)勢方位為北東向,傾角較小。通過巖心裂縫觀察描述,總體上裂縫長度越大,寬度較小,傾角較大。構(gòu)造作用影響裂縫發(fā)育程度,構(gòu)造裂縫經(jīng)常與褶皺和斷裂伴生,并且裂縫發(fā)育與地層厚度和巖性等有關(guān),地層厚度越小,裂縫間距相對也較小。 頁巖氣的保存條件受到自身厚度、蓋層、頂?shù)装鍡l件、構(gòu)造運(yùn)動、構(gòu)造樣式等因素的影響。渝東南地區(qū)五峰-龍馬溪組頁巖北部較厚,東西部和南部較薄。研究區(qū)上覆區(qū)域蓋層發(fā)育較完整,志留系-中下二疊統(tǒng)泥巖、中下三疊統(tǒng)泥巖和膏巖都可作為研究區(qū)有效的區(qū)域蓋層。作為直接覆蓋在龍馬溪組之上的羅惹坪組為一套粉砂巖、粉砂質(zhì)頁巖,裂縫不發(fā)育,是龍馬溪組較好的頂板,而下伏的寶塔組或臨湘組是一套瘤狀泥質(zhì)灰?guī)r,質(zhì)地堅(jiān)硬,是良好的底板。燕山期以來渝東南構(gòu)造運(yùn)動強(qiáng)烈,導(dǎo)致整個(gè)地區(qū)變形嚴(yán)重,地層較陡,裂縫發(fā)育。頁巖氣保存較好的地區(qū)為構(gòu)造運(yùn)動相對較弱的地方。 根究上述研究區(qū)構(gòu)造特征及保存條件評價(jià)指標(biāo),劃分出武隆縣北西等6個(gè)I類和黔江以西等10個(gè)II類保存條件有利區(qū)塊。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the exploration and development of shale gas have received much attention, and the Sichuan, Chongqing and Guizhou regions have become the main battlefields of shale gas development. This paper focuses on the shale structural characteristics and shale gas preservation conditions of the lower Paleozoic Wufeng formation and Longmaxi formation in southeastern Chongqing. The favorable blocks are preliminarily predicted to provide basis for further exploration of Wufeng formation-Longmaxi formation. On the basis of 6 field profile observations and 4 core observations, combined with regional tectonic background analysis, this paper systematically discusses the structural characteristics of shale series of Wufeng formation and Longmaxi formation in southeastern Chongqing. Preservation conditions of shale gas reservoirs in Wufeng-Longmaxi formation. The study shows that the southeast of Chongqing is subjected to the Caledonian, Indosinian, Yanshanian and Himalayan movements. The tectonic deformation in this area is characterized by compressional deformation and strike-slip, and the fold and fault structures are well developed. On the whole, the fold is mainly distributed north to east and north to east, and the axial plane of the fold tends to be mostly south to east. From north to west to south to east, the fold in turn is a blocking fold, a battlements fold, and a trough fold. There is a north east direction, a north east direction in the southeast of Chongqing, and a north east direction, a north east direction, a north east direction. There are four fault systems in NW, NNE, NW and NW, and the inclination is larger. The structural fractures in southeastern Chongqing are mainly shear fractures, tensional shear fractures, slippage fractures, etc. The dominant azimuth is northeastward and the dip angle is small. By observing and describing the core fractures, the larger the length and the smaller the width, the larger the fracture length, the smaller the width. The tectonic action affects the degree of fracture development. Structural fractures are often associated with folds and faults, and the development of fractures is related to formation thickness and lithology. The smaller the formation thickness, the smaller the fracture spacing. The preservation conditions of shale gas are affected by its thickness, caprock, roof and bottom plate, tectonic movement, structural style, etc. The north of Wufeng-Longmaxi formation is thicker in southeast Chongqing. The overlying area of the study area is relatively intact, and Silurian-middle and lower Permian mudstone, The middle and lower Triassic mudstone and gypsum can be used as effective regional caprocks in the study area. As a set of siltstone, silty shale and undeveloped fractures, Luojaping formation, which directly covers the Longmaxi formation, is the better roof of the Longmaxi formation. The underlying Baota formation or Linxiang formation is a set of nodular muddy limestone with a hard texture and a good bottom plate. Since the Yanshanian period, the tectonic movement in southeast Chongqing has been strong, resulting in serious deformation and steeper strata in the whole area. The area where shale gas is well preserved is where the tectonic movement is relatively weak. On the basis of the structural characteristics and the evaluation index of preservation conditions in the study area mentioned above, there are 6 classes I and 10 favorable blocks of type II preservation conditions in the north west of Wulong County and the west of Qianjiang River.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P618.13

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