本文選題：地震　切入點(diǎn)：電磁異常　出處：《地震地質(zhì)》2017年03期 　論文類型：期刊論文

【摘要】：將主成分分析法和局部互相關(guān)追蹤法應(yīng)用于地震電磁數(shù)據(jù)的處理分析,嘗試從較強(qiáng)干擾背景中提取相對(duì)較弱的電磁異常信息。主成分分析方法能夠?qū)⒉煌l段的原始信號(hào)由強(qiáng)到弱投影到不同的軸上,使不同的信號(hào)分離開來,從而在一定程度上解決在較強(qiáng)干擾背景中識(shí)別相對(duì)較弱信號(hào)的難題;局部互相關(guān)追蹤法相對(duì)于經(jīng)典互相關(guān)方法更適用于非平穩(wěn)信號(hào)的處理,該方法基于不同極低頻電磁觀測(cè)臺(tái)站對(duì)應(yīng)磁場(chǎng)分量之間的空間互相關(guān)性對(duì)相關(guān)系數(shù)異常進(jìn)行拾取,從而達(dá)到弱信號(hào)識(shí)別的目的。以云南省景谷縣2015年11月14日4.6級(jí)地震為例,分別運(yùn)用主成分分析法和局部互相關(guān)追蹤法對(duì)震中附近的極低頻觀測(cè)臺(tái)觀測(cè)的電磁資料進(jìn)行處理分析。首先,將主成分分析方法應(yīng)用于臺(tái)站磁場(chǎng)分量數(shù)據(jù)的處理,得到各主成分及其所占能量比隨時(shí)間的變化,結(jié)果表明震前1周左右與地震相關(guān)的第2主成分所占能量比顯著增加;其次,利用局部互相關(guān)追蹤法對(duì)該震例進(jìn)行處理分析并與主成分分析法處理的結(jié)果進(jìn)行對(duì)比,結(jié)果顯示SN及EW向磁場(chǎng)分量的局部互相關(guān)結(jié)果于地震前1周左右均出現(xiàn)相關(guān)系數(shù)異常,與主成分分析方法的處理結(jié)果基本一致,并探討了這些異�？赡芘c地震活動(dòng)性之間存在的關(guān)系。雖然目前電磁異�，F(xiàn)象的產(chǎn)生與地震之間的確切關(guān)系尚缺乏直接的證據(jù)與理論支持,但2種方法對(duì)電磁異常信號(hào)的有效提取將有助于加深對(duì)地震電磁現(xiàn)象的認(rèn)知、理解與進(jìn)一步研究。
[Abstract]:Principal component analysis method and local cross-correlation tracing method are applied to the processing and analysis of seismic electromagnetic data. The principal component analysis (PCA) method can project the original signals of different frequency bands from strong to weak to different axes, so that different signals can be separated. In order to solve the problem of identifying relatively weak signals in strong interference background to some extent, the local cross-correlation tracing method is more suitable for processing non-stationary signals than classical cross-correlation methods. The correlation coefficient anomaly is picked up based on the spatial correlation between the corresponding magnetic field components of different very low frequency electromagnetic observation stations, so as to achieve the purpose of weak signal recognition. The earthquake of M = 4.6 in Jinggu County, Yunnan Province, on November 14th 2015 is taken as an example. The principal component analysis (PCA) and the local cross-correlation tracing method are used to process the electromagnetic data observed by the very low frequency observation station near the epicenter. Firstly, the principal component analysis method is applied to the processing of the magnetic field component data of the station. The changes of principal components and their energy ratios with time are obtained. The results show that the energy ratio of the second principal component related to earthquakes increases significantly one week before the earthquake. The local cross-correlation method is used to process and analyze the earthquake case and the results of principal component analysis (PCA) are compared. The results show that the correlation coefficient anomalies of SN and EW magnetic field components occur about one week before the earthquake. The results are consistent with that of principal component analysis (PCA). The relationship between these anomalies and seismicity is also discussed. Although the exact relationship between electromagnetic anomalies and earthquakes is still lacking direct evidence and theoretical support. However, the effective extraction of electromagnetic anomaly signals by two methods will help to deepen the cognition, understanding and further study of seismic electromagnetic phenomena.
【作者單位】： 中國地震局地質(zhì)研究所地震動(dòng)力學(xué)國家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室;
【基金】：極低頻探地工程地震預(yù)測(cè)分系統(tǒng)項(xiàng)目(15212Z0000001)資助
【分類號(hào)】：P315.7

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