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  本文選題：瓦斯溝　切入點：滑坡斜坡地震動響應　出處：《成都理工大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：我國是一個多山、多地震的國家,而地震是導致斜坡失穩(wěn),誘發(fā)崩塌、滑坡的一個重要因素。歷史上由于地震導致的邊坡失穩(wěn)事例數(shù)以萬計。在過去的幾年中,相繼發(fā)生了汶川大地震(Ms8.0)、云南魯?shù)榈卣?Ms6.5)、蘆山地震(Ms7.0)。說明我國的地震斷裂帶,尤其是西南地區(qū)地震斷裂帶處于相對活躍的時期。隨著我國西部大開發(fā)戰(zhàn)略的實施,許多大型工程上馬,遇到了大量的邊坡,尤其是復雜巖質高陡邊坡。這些邊坡的地震動響應、變形和穩(wěn)定性問題均十分突出,成為亟待解決的重大問題。因此,研究高陡巖質邊坡在地震作用下的地震動響應特征具有較高的科研價值和現(xiàn)實意義。本文主要以瓦斯溝古地震滑坡為研究對象。在查閱相關地質資料,實地野外調(diào)查,室內(nèi)巖石力學試驗的基礎上,探討該滑坡的形成條件和成因機制。結合數(shù)值模擬對瓦斯溝滑坡進行反演研究,探討該斜坡在歷史地震作用下的運動規(guī)律和響應特征。最后通過處理冷竹關斜坡對“11.22”康定地震的監(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù),分析該區(qū)斜坡地震動響應特征。主要結論與認識如下:(1)研究區(qū)位于川西北,青藏高原東部邊緣地帶。地貌上屬于大渡河深切高山峽谷地貌,出露晉寧—澄江期斜長花崗巖,主要受鮮水河斷裂帶、龍門山斷裂帶和大渡河斷裂帶控制。研究區(qū)主壓應力方向為NW-NWW向,主張應力方向為NE-NEE向。(2)瓦斯溝滑坡位于大渡河右岸,瓦斯溝南岸�；麦w平均寬度約400m,縱向長度約700m,平均堆積厚度約120m,方量約3360×104m3,屬特大型堆積層滑坡,滑坡堆積物巖性為斜長花崗巖�；磪^(qū)為一“凸”型山嘴,三面臨空,臨空條件好,主要發(fā)育4組節(jié)理面,局部發(fā)育架空的楔形“凹巖腔”。(3)研究區(qū)巖石力學試驗結果表明,天然狀態(tài)下該區(qū)斜長花崗巖單軸抗壓強度約70MPa,動泊松比約0.28,動彈性模量約80.4GPa,內(nèi)聚力約10MPa,內(nèi)摩擦角約60°。(4)通過對古地震滑坡的調(diào)查及分析,瓦斯溝滑坡與其三面臨空的地貌、節(jié)理面組合、地震等因素相關。地震的累積效應和觸發(fā)效應是其斜坡失穩(wěn)破壞的主要因素。(5)通過DDA數(shù)值模擬方法反演地震觸發(fā)瓦斯溝滑坡全過程研究發(fā)現(xiàn),地震波在從邊坡底部向上傳播過程中,隨高程增加,峰值加速度會得到放大,放大系數(shù)最大達1.2倍;在橫向面上,從邊坡表面向坡體內(nèi)部,地震波的峰值加速度也會得到放大,其放大倍數(shù)較豎直方向上較小。(6)通過冷竹關斜坡6臺地震監(jiān)測儀器對康定Ms6.3級地震監(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù)研究,表明冷竹關溝右岸監(jiān)測點峰值加速度(PGA)明顯大于左岸,并且其地震動能量(即阿里亞斯強度)也明顯高于左岸,表明右岸的斜坡地震動響應明顯強于左岸。加速度反應譜表明場地的阻尼特性不影響地震動響應的曲線特征。地震動響應的強度會隨著場地阻尼的增加而降低,但這種變化是趨于收斂的。即其響應強度不會隨阻尼的增加無限制下降。由峰值加速度(PGA)及HVSR譜比曲線表明:放大效應受地形地貌條件影響很大。冷竹關右岸單薄山脊的放大效應明顯強于左岸中高山斜坡,而位于凸出地形的1#監(jiān)測點放大效應又明顯強于其他監(jiān)測點,說明多面臨空的山體、山體的凸出部位對地震動響應存在明顯的放大效應。
[Abstract]:China is a mountainous country, earthquake, and earthquake is the result of slope instability, induced collapse, one of the important factors of landslide. Because of the history of slope earthquake caused instability of tens of thousands of examples. In the past few years, have occurred in the Wenchuan earthquake (Ms8.0), Yunnan Ludian earthquake (Ms6.5), Lushan earthquake (Ms7.0). The earthquake fault belts in China, especially in a relatively active period in Southwest China earthquake fault zone. With the implementation of western development strategy in China, many large-scale projects, met a large number of slope, especially the complex high and steep rock slope. The slope of the response vibration, deformation and stability problems are very prominent, has become a major problem to be solved. Therefore, the research of high steep rock slope under earthquake ground motion response characteristics with high scientific value and practical significance. This paper mainly in the gas channel PALAEOSEISMIC landslide as the research object. On the related geological data, field investigation and indoor rock mechanics test based on the study of the formation conditions and formation mechanism of the landslide. Based on gas landslide inversion study of numerical simulation of the slope movement in the history of earthquake and response characteristics. Finally, the monitoring data the slope of the "11.22" Kangding earthquake by cold shock treatment of bamboo, the response characteristics of the slope. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) the study area is located in the northwest of Sichuan, the edge of the eastern Tibetan Plateau. The landscape belongs to the Dadu river deep mountain canyon, exposed Jinning Chengjiang plagiogranite, mainly by the Xianshuihe fault zone, fault zone of the Longmen mountain and the Dadu River fault zone. The principal compressive stress in study area in NW-NWW direction, the direction of principal tensile stress is NE-NEE. (2) the gas landslide is located in On the right bank of river, wasigou south. The average width of the landslide is about 400m, the longitudinal length of about 700m, the average thickness of about 120m, volume of about 3360 * 104m3, a large landslide, landslide accumulation lithology for plagioclase granite. The source area is a smooth convex spur, three are free, free conditions well, there are mainly 4 groups of joints, the local development of the overhead of the wedge "concave rock cavity". (3) the results of rock mechanics test shows that the study area, the natural state of uniaxial compressive strength of the plagioclase granite is about 70MPa, Poisson's ratio of about 0.28, the dynamic elastic modulus of cohesive force is about 80.4GPa, about 10MPa, the angle of internal friction about 60 degrees. (4) through the investigation and analysis of the ancient landslide, landslide and gas three facing the empty landscape, combined joint, earthquake and other factors. The cumulative effect of earthquake and triggering effect are the main factors of slope failure. (5) through the DDA numerical simulation method The inversion of earthquake triggered landslide gas process study found that seismic wave in the propagation from the bottom of the slope, with elevation increasing, the peak acceleration will be amplified, the amplification coefficient of up to 1.2 times the maximum; in the horizontal plane, from the slope surface to the slope, seismic peak acceleration will be enlarged the magnification of the vertical direction is smaller. (6) the Lengzhuguan slope 6 Taiwan earthquake monitoring instrument of the Kangding Ms6.3 earthquake monitoring data study showed that cold bamboo Guangou right bank monitoring point of peak acceleration (PGA) was significantly higher than that of the left bank, and the seismic energy (i.e. Arias strength) was also significantly higher than that on the left bank, right bank the slope seismic response was stronger than the left bank. The acceleration response spectrum showed that the damping properties of the site does not affect the characteristics of seismic response. The seismic response of the strength will decrease with the increase of damping and the site, but This change is that it tends to converge. The response intensity does not decrease with the increase of damping limit. The peak acceleration (PGA) and HVSR spectral ratio curve shows that the amplification effect by the topography conditions affected. The amplification effect of Lengzhuguan on the right bank of the thin ridge was stronger than the mountain slopes on the left bank of 1#, and in the monitoring points the protruding topography amplification effect is stronger than the other monitoring points, indicating multiple free surfaces of the mountain, protruding parts of the mountain on the ground motion response has obvious amplification effect.

【學位授予單位】：成都理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P315.2

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