發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-03-03 01:19

  本文選題：華北克拉通　切入點(diǎn)：深地震反射剖面　出處：《中國(guó)科學(xué):地球科學(xué)》2017年02期 　論文類(lèi)型：期刊論文

【摘要】：位于南北構(gòu)造帶北段的賀蘭山和銀川盆地是華北克拉通西部的一個(gè)板內(nèi)構(gòu)造變形帶和活動(dòng)構(gòu)造帶,有著復(fù)雜的形成和演化歷史,對(duì)該區(qū)復(fù)雜的地質(zhì)構(gòu)造和現(xiàn)代地震活動(dòng)有著重要的控制作用.2014年初,跨銀川盆地和賀蘭山完成的長(zhǎng)度135km的深地震反射剖面揭示了該區(qū)的巖石圈層結(jié)構(gòu)和斷裂的深淺構(gòu)造特征.研究結(jié)果表明,沿剖面莫霍面埋深自東向西逐漸加深,地殼厚度40~48km,且不同構(gòu)造部位的地殼反射結(jié)構(gòu)圖像、速度分布、殼內(nèi)界面形態(tài)和莫霍面起伏存在著明顯差異.深地震反射剖面揭示,賀蘭山兩側(cè)有著不同的斷裂構(gòu)造特征,在賀蘭山東側(cè),黃河斷裂、賀蘭山東麓斷裂以及銀川盆地內(nèi)的多條隱伏斷裂均為第四紀(jì)以來(lái)仍在活動(dòng)的正斷層,控制了銀川盆地的新生代沉積,在剖面上呈"負(fù)花狀"構(gòu)造展布;在賀蘭山西側(cè),巴彥浩特?cái)嗔押唾R蘭山西麓斷裂在剖面上表現(xiàn)為東傾的逆沖斷層,使得賀蘭山隆起區(qū)的中生代地層發(fā)生褶皺、沖斷和結(jié)構(gòu)變形;地殼深斷裂位于銀川盆地的西側(cè),該斷裂傾角陡直,向下錯(cuò)斷中-下地殼和莫霍面,向上可能與兩組上地殼斷裂相聯(lián)系;這套不同時(shí)期形成的走滑、逆沖和正斷并存的深淺斷裂系統(tǒng)是該區(qū)盆山耦合、地殼結(jié)構(gòu)變形和殼幔結(jié)構(gòu)變化的構(gòu)造條件.深地震反射剖面揭示的另外一個(gè)重要現(xiàn)象是,在賀蘭山和銀川盆地之下還存在有一組強(qiáng)能量的上地幔反射波組(UMR),其界面深度約為82~92km,暗示該區(qū)上地幔中存在有速度躍變層或速度間斷面,反映了該區(qū)上地幔結(jié)構(gòu)的縱向不均勻性.探測(cè)結(jié)果為進(jìn)一步分析研究華北克拉通西部復(fù)雜的深部結(jié)構(gòu)、不同地塊的結(jié)構(gòu)差異和深淺構(gòu)造關(guān)系等提供了地震學(xué)證據(jù).
[Abstract]:Located in the northern section of the North South tectonic belt of Helan mountains and the Yinchuan basin is a plate in the western North China Craton tectonic deformation zone and tectonic zone, has a complex formation and evolution history of the geologic structure complex and modern seismic activity plays an important role in.2014 control at the beginning of the deep seismic reflection profile cross Yinchuan basin and Helan mountain to complete the length of 135km reveals the depth of structural features of rock layer structure and fracture in this area. The results show that the Moho depth along the profile from the east to the west gradually deepened, the crustal thickness 40~48km, crustal reflection images, and the velocity distribution in different tectonic positions, there are significant differences in the shell the interface morphology and Moho surface. Deep seismic reflection profiles revealed that Helan has a mountain on both sides of faults with different characteristics in Helan, Shandong side, Helan the Yellow River fault, Shandong piedmont fault and Yinchuan Basin A plurality of buried faults in Quaternary are still active normal faults, control of the Yinchuan basin in the Cenozoic sediments showed a negative flower structure distribution in the section in Helan; Shanxi side, BAYANHOT fault and Helan Shanxi Lu fracture of an East dipping thrust fault in the section, the Helan the mountain uplift area of Mesozoic strata occurrence of folds, thrust and structural deformation; deep crustal faults in the Yinchuan basin on the west side, the steep dip angle of fault, fault - down in the lower crust and the Moho, to contact with two groups of upper crust may fracture phase; slip form this set of different periods, the inverse depth of fracture the system is broken and coexistence is the basin mountain coupling deformation of crustal structure and tectonic conditions of crust mantle structures change. Another important phenomenon revealed by deep seismic reflection profile, under the Helan mountain and Yinchuan basin is still a strong group The upper mantle reflection wave group (UMR), the interface depth is about 82~92km, suggesting that the upper mantle of this area exists in the speed or velocity discontinuity of thermocline, the upper mantle of this area reflects the vertical inhomogeneity of the structure. The detection results for further analysis of the deep structure of western North China Craton complex, structural differences the different plots and the depth of structural relationship provides the Seismological Evidence.

【作者單位】： 中國(guó)地震局地球物理勘探中心;
【基金】：國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(批準(zhǔn)號(hào):91214205) 地震行業(yè)科研專(zhuān)項(xiàng)項(xiàng)目(編號(hào):201408023)資助
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：P542;P315.2

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