本文關(guān)鍵詞： 水巖相互作用 巖石氣態(tài)水吸附 流固耦合換熱 多相流模型 自激振蕩射流 亥姆霍茲諧振器固有頻率　出處：《中國(guó)礦業(yè)大學(xué)(北京)》2017年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：本文充分利用巖土工程、巖土力學(xué)、流體力學(xué)和計(jì)算流體力學(xué)等相關(guān)知識(shí),對(duì)巖土工程中若干水與巖石之間相互作用的問題進(jìn)行了研究。以敦煌莫高窟圍巖在當(dāng)?shù)丨h(huán)境下由于氣態(tài)水引起風(fēng)化與鹽分運(yùn)移的問題為背景,針對(duì)巖石與氣態(tài)水的靜態(tài)吸附作用進(jìn)行了實(shí)驗(yàn)和數(shù)值模擬研究。敦煌莫高窟所處環(huán)境常年干燥,四季分明,作為人類珍貴的物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)長(zhǎng)期受到諸多病害和風(fēng)化侵蝕的威脅。目前,利用了自主研發(fā)的巖石氣態(tài)水吸附試驗(yàn)系統(tǒng),對(duì)試樣的氣態(tài)水吸附特性進(jìn)行了研究。同時(shí)結(jié)合SEM掃描實(shí)驗(yàn)和X射線衍射實(shí)驗(yàn),分析黏土礦物和空隙、裂隙對(duì)氣態(tài)水吸附的影響。為了分離黏土礦物的作用對(duì)氣態(tài)水吸附的影響,利用CFD軟件對(duì)概化的不同角度裂隙的試樣和隨機(jī)裂隙試樣中氣態(tài)水的運(yùn)移情況進(jìn)行了模擬研究,并與實(shí)驗(yàn)得到巖石與氣態(tài)水吸附在時(shí)間序列上的規(guī)律進(jìn)行對(duì)比驗(yàn)證。在動(dòng)態(tài)的水與巖石相互作用時(shí),除了水分吸附,換熱過程也是巖土工程中不可避免的重要課題。研究以煤礦開采中深井熱害控制問題為背景,針對(duì)張集礦深井HEMS降溫系統(tǒng)中淺層冷能提取部分的換熱過程進(jìn)行研究。本文討論了巷道中流固耦合換熱的問題,考慮了巖石表面粗糙度在水巖換熱中的作用,同時(shí)以邊界層換熱取代傳統(tǒng)設(shè)置壁函數(shù)的方法,模擬了系統(tǒng)淺層漫流段的低溫乏風(fēng)回風(fēng)、系統(tǒng)熱水媒介和淺層低溫圍巖的三相熱流固耦合的問題。利用已有的深井熱害控制現(xiàn)場(chǎng)實(shí)驗(yàn)系統(tǒng)原有參數(shù),對(duì)本模型進(jìn)行了驗(yàn)證,誤差在5%以內(nèi),進(jìn)而利用本模型對(duì)張集礦降溫系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了數(shù)值模擬,通過控制壁面粗糙程度或是現(xiàn)場(chǎng)巷道的傾角,可以對(duì)降溫系統(tǒng)的冷能提取進(jìn)行調(diào)控,獲得淺層漫流設(shè)計(jì)的一般性方法。利用本模型的模擬結(jié)果,對(duì)張集煤礦的淺層冷能提取部分的參數(shù)設(shè)計(jì)進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化,期望為今后降溫系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)提供方法和思路。針對(duì)更加強(qiáng)烈的動(dòng)態(tài)水與巖石相互作用,即高壓水射流產(chǎn)生高能和巖石破壞的問題。結(jié)合巖土工程中對(duì)于更高速、高壓和高效水射流工具的需求,以及另一方面在采礦科技革命的進(jìn)行中,尋求新的高能防爆、防塵破碎和鉆鑿工具,例如110和N00采煤工法中的切頂需求,對(duì)自激振蕩射流這一特別的水射流的能量,和其產(chǎn)生的震蕩頻率規(guī)律進(jìn)行研究。通過理論模型推導(dǎo),建立自激振蕩射流核心元件——亥姆霍茲諧振器的固有頻率計(jì)算方程。結(jié)合數(shù)值模擬的方法,對(duì)自激振蕩射流噴嘴尺寸進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì),將數(shù)值模擬得到的噴嘴震蕩頻率結(jié)果同公式計(jì)算結(jié)果進(jìn)行比對(duì),以期對(duì)模型進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證和參數(shù)修正。
[Abstract]:This paper makes full use of the relevant knowledge of geotechnical engineering, geotechnical mechanics, hydrodynamics and computational fluid mechanics. The interaction between water and rock in geotechnical engineering is studied. In the context of weathering and salt migration caused by gaseous water in the surrounding rock of Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes in the local environment, The static adsorption of rock and gaseous water is studied experimentally and numerically. The environment of Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes is dry all year round with four distinct seasons. As a precious material and cultural heritage of mankind, it has been threatened by many diseases and weathering for a long time. The adsorption characteristics of gaseous water on the sample were studied, and the clay mineral and voids were analyzed by SEM scanning and X-ray diffraction. In order to separate the effect of clay minerals on the adsorption of gaseous water, the migration of gaseous water in samples with different angles and random fissures was simulated by CFD software. And compared with the experimental results, the law of adsorption of rock and gaseous water on time series is verified. In the dynamic interaction of water and rock, except water adsorption, The heat transfer process is also an inevitable and important subject in geotechnical engineering. The heat transfer process of shallow layer cold energy extraction from HEMS cooling system in deep well of Zhangji Mine is studied. The problem of fluid-solid coupling heat transfer in roadway is discussed in this paper, and the effect of rock surface roughness on water rock heat transfer is considered. At the same time, the boundary layer heat transfer is used instead of the traditional method of setting wall function to simulate the low temperature air return air in the shallow overflowing section of the system. This model is verified by using the original parameters of the existing deep well thermal hazard control field experiment system, and the error is less than 5%, which is the problem of the coupling between the hot water medium of the system and the low-temperature surrounding rock of shallow layer. Furthermore, the model is used to simulate the cooling system of Zhangji Mine. By controlling the roughness of the wall or the inclination of the roadway, the cold energy extraction of the cooling system can be controlled. The general method of shallow overflowing design is obtained. Using the simulation results of this model, the parameter design of the shallow cold energy extraction part of Zhangji Coal Mine is optimized. It is expected to provide methods and ideas for the design of cooling system in the future. In view of the more intense dynamic interaction between water and rock, that is, the high energy and rock damage caused by high pressure water jet, combined with the higher speed in geotechnical engineering, The demand for high-pressure and high-efficiency water-jet tools, and, on the other hand, the need for new high-energy explosion-proof, dust-proof and drilling tools, such as the top cutting requirements in 110 and N00 coal mining methods, in the context of the technological revolution in mining, In this paper, the energy of self-excited oscillating jet, a special water jet, and its oscillation frequency are studied. The natural frequency calculation equation of Helmholtz resonator, the core element of self-excited oscillating jet, is established. The size of self-excited oscillating jet nozzle is designed by numerical simulation. The numerical simulation results of the nozzle oscillation frequency are compared with the calculated results of the formula in order to verify the model and modify the parameters.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)礦業(yè)大學(xué)(北京)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TU45

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