本文關(guān)鍵詞： 滑坡 仰斜式排水孔 滲流計算 穩(wěn)定性　出處：《重慶交通大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：隨著我國社會主義建設(shè)的進展,在公路工程、鐵路工程、采礦工程、水電站工程等項目建設(shè)中經(jīng)常需要對危險滑坡進行處治,對滑坡治理程度的好壞往往決定著項目的進展和經(jīng)濟成本。因而,通過深入系統(tǒng)地探究滑坡的成因、作用機理以及排水條件下滑坡滲流場和穩(wěn)定性的變化情況,了解影響滑坡作用的主要因素和形成規(guī)律,為今后公路等基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)中遇到的滑坡預(yù)防、穩(wěn)定性評價以及治理設(shè)計提供一定的參考。本文主要研究內(nèi)容及結(jié)論有:①在對基于正交試驗法的多因素敏感性分析理論和方法的分析研究的基礎(chǔ)上,針對滑坡的主要影響因素,本文主要列舉土體重度、粘聚力、內(nèi)摩擦角、孔隙壓力比、水頭高度這五個因素,運用多因素正交試驗法進行了敏感性分析。得到結(jié)論:滑坡穩(wěn)定性對內(nèi)摩擦角的變化最為敏感,其次分別為粘聚力,水頭高度,孔隙壓力比,對土體重度的變化最不敏感。②分析了地下水影響滑坡穩(wěn)定性的作用機理,結(jié)合飽和-非飽和滲流的基本理論,建立了滑坡滲流分析和穩(wěn)定性計算的模型,選取了滑坡土體的特性參數(shù)、滲流計算的參數(shù)和邊界條件,系統(tǒng)地分析了是否布設(shè)排水孔以及布設(shè)仰斜式排水孔在不同孔長、孔徑、仰角的情況下滑坡的滲流場和穩(wěn)定性變化。得出結(jié)論:布設(shè)排水孔能夠?qū)麦w起到明顯的排水降壓作用,增強滑坡整體穩(wěn)定性;仰斜式排水孔的孔長越長,排水降壓效果越好,影響范圍越大,但也要結(jié)合滑坡治理所需降低水位的范圍和實際的地質(zhì)條件來綜合確定;仰斜式排水孔的排水效果對仰角變化不太敏感,必須根據(jù)實際的滑坡體自由水面位置來確定,推薦仰角θ取值在6°~10°范圍較為合理;仰斜式排水孔的排水效果對孔徑變化最不敏感,孔徑太大或太小都不能達到很好的排水降壓效果,推薦孔徑D為0.1m左右比較合適。③結(jié)合國內(nèi)外關(guān)于仰斜式排水孔的發(fā)展歷程和現(xiàn)狀,根據(jù)關(guān)于仰斜式排水孔相關(guān)的規(guī)定及其施工機具和施工工藝,提出了一些行之有效的優(yōu)化建議。如將仰斜式排水孔的前端部分設(shè)置成上部50%透水,下部50%不透水;仰斜式排水孔孔內(nèi)設(shè)置略小于排水孔的PVC或PE滲水管;孔口進行灌漿和防曬處理,在靠近出水口60cm長度范圍內(nèi)用粘性土或者止水材料堵塞鉆孔與排水管之間的空隙;仰斜式排水孔孔口以下坡面應(yīng)該做加固處理,防止沖刷坡面;定期對排水孔進行清理,防止排水孔淤塞等。
[Abstract]:With the progress of socialist construction in China, it is often necessary to treat dangerous landslides in the construction of highway, railway, mining and hydropower projects. The degree of landslide treatment often determines the progress and economic cost of the project. Therefore, through in-depth and systematic exploration of the cause of landslide, the mechanism of action and the landslide seepage field and stability changes under drainage conditions. To understand the main factors affecting the landslide and the formation of the law for the future road and other infrastructure construction encountered landslide prevention. Stability evaluation and governance design provide a certain reference. The main contents and conclusions of this paper are: 1 on the basis of the analysis of the theory and method of multi-factor sensitivity analysis based on orthogonal test. Aiming at the main influencing factors of landslide, this paper mainly enumerates five factors: soil mass, cohesion, internal friction angle, pore pressure ratio and water head height. The sensitivity analysis was carried out by means of multi-factor orthogonal test. It is concluded that the stability of landslide is the most sensitive to the change of internal friction angle, followed by cohesion, water head height and pore pressure ratio. Based on the basic theory of saturated-unsaturated seepage, the model of landslide seepage analysis and stability calculation is established. The characteristic parameters of landslide soil, the parameters of seepage calculation and boundary conditions are selected to analyze systematically whether the drainage holes are installed or not and whether the inclined drainage holes are arranged in different hole length and aperture. In the case of elevation angle, the seepage field and stability of the landslide are changed. It is concluded that the placement of drainage holes can play an obvious role in drainage and pressure reduction of the landslide and enhance the overall stability of the landslide. The longer the orifice is, the better the effect of drainage pressure reduction is and the larger the influence range is, but it is also necessary to determine comprehensively the range of lowering water level and the actual geological conditions needed for landslide treatment. The drainage effect of the tilted drainage hole is not sensitive to the elevation angle change, it must be determined according to the actual free water surface position of the landslide body, and the recommended elevation angle 胃 value is reasonable in the range of 6 擄~ 10 擄. The drainage effect of the inclined drainage hole is the most insensitive to the change of the pore diameter. Too large or too small aperture can not achieve a good drainage pressure reduction effect. The recommended aperture D is about 0.1 m. 3 combined with the development history and present situation of the tilted drainage hole at home and abroad, according to the relevant regulations, construction equipment and construction technology. Some effective optimization suggestions are put forward, such as setting the front part of the tilted drainage hole to the upper 50% percolation and the lower 50% impervious; A PVC or PE seepage pipe is arranged in the upside-inclined drainage hole which is slightly smaller than the drainage hole; Grouting and sunscreen are carried out at the orifice, and the gap between the borehole and the drain pipe is blocked by clay or watertight material within the length of 60cm near the outlet. The slope below the orifice of the drainage hole should be strengthened so as to prevent the slope from scouring. Regular drainage hole cleaning, to prevent drainage hole blockage and so on.
【學位授予單位】：重慶交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P642.22;TU753.8

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