本文關(guān)鍵詞： 多級(jí)次地下水流系統(tǒng) 水化學(xué)與同位素 電阻率 地表水地下水交換 鄂爾多斯盆地　出處：《中國(guó)地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)》2016年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：地下水循環(huán)是水循環(huán)的重要環(huán)節(jié),地下水在循環(huán)過(guò)程中與介質(zhì)相互作用會(huì)改變其水化學(xué)特征。地下水化學(xué)組分的變化規(guī)律可以指示地下水循環(huán)過(guò)程。區(qū)域地下水流理論較好的建立了盆地內(nèi)部地下水化學(xué)演化規(guī)律與循環(huán)模式之間的聯(lián)系,是研究區(qū)域地下水流的理論基礎(chǔ)與有效工具。本論文基于盆地內(nèi)部地下水化學(xué)特征與音頻大地電磁信息識(shí)別了盆地內(nèi)部地下水流循環(huán)模式與演化規(guī)律;通過(guò)地表水與地下水演化階段所表現(xiàn)出的水化學(xué)組分特征,研究了盆地內(nèi)部地表水與地下水的交換規(guī)律。前人多是通過(guò)水動(dòng)力學(xué)特征研究區(qū)域地下水流系統(tǒng)的多級(jí)次性,但對(duì)多級(jí)次水流的演化規(guī)律鮮有涉及。盆地排泄基準(zhǔn)面附近可能存在多級(jí)次地下水流的集中排泄�；诓煌疃葮悠返乃瘜W(xué)指標(biāo),利用聚類分析法將采樣點(diǎn)分為具有顯著水化學(xué)差異的五類(C1至C5)。利用采樣點(diǎn)水化學(xué)、同位素信息與采樣點(diǎn)深度關(guān)系圖,識(shí)別出C1(中間流動(dòng)系統(tǒng))、C2(區(qū)域流動(dòng)系統(tǒng))、C3、C4、C5(局部流動(dòng)系統(tǒng))的循環(huán)深度。利用Cl-,SO42-與,氯堿指數(shù)識(shí)別出地下水演化過(guò)程的階段性特征。地下水化學(xué)類型與礦化度的區(qū)域性變化蘊(yùn)含著地下水循環(huán)演化的重要信息。通過(guò)研究區(qū)水化學(xué)類型與礦化度面狀分區(qū)圖,發(fā)現(xiàn)從上游至下游研究區(qū)地下水化學(xué)類型整體呈現(xiàn)HCO3-型SO42-型Cl-型的變化過(guò)程;礦化度呈現(xiàn)出逐漸升高的趨勢(shì)。對(duì)研究區(qū)內(nèi)電阻率信息進(jìn)行了定量統(tǒng)計(jì),發(fā)現(xiàn)研究區(qū)內(nèi)白堊系與侏羅系地層間、白堊系地層內(nèi)部上游與下游地區(qū)存在明顯的電阻率差異,表明研究區(qū)內(nèi)不同位置的地下水處于不同的演化階段。多級(jí)次地下水的演化過(guò)程可能受其循環(huán)路徑、滯留時(shí)間以及補(bǔ)給區(qū)地質(zhì)條件影響。利用研究區(qū)地下水三維數(shù)值模型得到水化學(xué)取樣點(diǎn)與音頻大地電磁物探數(shù)據(jù)點(diǎn)相應(yīng)深度地下水徑流距離、循環(huán)時(shí)間以及補(bǔ)給區(qū)位置。研究表明:淺層地下水的徑流路徑與循環(huán)時(shí)間相對(duì)較短,深層地下水的徑流路徑與循環(huán)時(shí)間相對(duì)較長(zhǎng)。結(jié)合研究區(qū)巖相古地理信息推斷造成研究區(qū)水化學(xué)演化差異的可能原因。地下水是干旱-半干旱地區(qū)河流的重要補(bǔ)給源。根據(jù)研究區(qū)河水采樣點(diǎn)與地下水采樣點(diǎn)水化學(xué)特征的關(guān)系,判斷出都思兔河上游河段為研究區(qū)內(nèi)淺層與深層地下水共同補(bǔ)給,而下游河段主要為深層地下水補(bǔ)給。利用多元統(tǒng)計(jì)分析中的主成分分析法,判斷出上游河段地表水與地下水交換過(guò)程發(fā)生的水化學(xué)反應(yīng)類型。本博士論文提出了通過(guò)水化學(xué)信息識(shí)別多級(jí)次地下水流系統(tǒng)循環(huán)與演化規(guī)律的方法,豐富并完善了區(qū)域地下水流理論。
[Abstract]:Groundwater circulation is an important part of water circulation. The variation of groundwater chemical composition can indicate the process of groundwater circulation. The theory of regional groundwater flow is a good method to establish the underground water in the basin. The relationship between the evolution of hydrochemistry and the cycle model. It is the theoretical basis and effective tool for the study of regional groundwater flow. Based on the chemical characteristics of groundwater and audio magnetotelluric information in the basin, the circulation pattern and evolution law of groundwater flow in the basin are identified in this paper. The characteristics of water chemical components in the evolution stage of surface water and groundwater. The exchange law of surface water and groundwater in the basin is studied. Most of the predecessors studied the multistage subcharacteristics of regional groundwater flow system through hydrodynamic characteristics. However, the evolution law of multistage secondary flow is seldom concerned. There may be centralized discharge of multistage subgroundwater flow near the drainage datum level in the basin, based on the hydrochemical indexes of samples with different depths. Cluster analysis was used to divide the sampling points into five categories: C1 to C5, which had significant hydrochemical differences. Using the hydrochemistry of the sampling points, the relationship between the isotopic information and the depth of the sampling points was obtained. The cycle depth of C _ 1 (intermediate flow system) C _ 2 (regional flow system C _ 3N _ 4C _ 4 and C _ 5) was identified. The chlor-alkali index identifies the stage characteristics of groundwater evolution process. The regional variation of groundwater chemical type and salinity contains important information of groundwater cycling evolution. Zoning. It is found that the chemical types of groundwater in the study area from upstream to downstream show the variation process of HCO _ 3-type so _ 4 _ 2-type Cl _ (-) type as a whole. The resistivity information in the study area is quantitatively counted and it is found that the Cretaceous and Jurassic strata in the study area are interbedded. There are obvious resistivity differences between upper and lower reaches of the Cretaceous strata, indicating that groundwater in different locations in the study area is in different stages of evolution, and the evolution process of multistage subgroundwater may be affected by its circulation path. Based on the 3D numerical model of groundwater in the study area, the groundwater runoff distance of the corresponding depth between the sampling point and the Audio magnetotelluric geophysical data point is obtained. The results show that the runoff path and circulation time of shallow groundwater are relatively short. The runoff path and circulation time of deep groundwater is relatively long. Combined with lithofacies paleogeographic information in the study area, the possible reason for the difference of hydrochemical evolution in the study area is that groundwater is an important supplement of rivers in arid and semi-arid areas. According to the relationship between water chemical characteristics of river water sampling sites and groundwater sampling sites in the study area. It is concluded that the upper reaches of Dusiyu River are recharge of shallow and deep groundwater in the study area, while the downstream reach is mainly recharge of deep groundwater. The principal component analysis method in multivariate statistical analysis is used. The types of hydrochemical reactions in the process of surface water and groundwater exchange in upstream reach are determined. A method to identify the circulation and evolution of multistage subgroundwater flow system by hydrochemical information is proposed in this paper. The theory of regional groundwater flow is enriched and perfected.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：P641.2

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