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  本文關鍵詞：區(qū)域變質作用與中國大陸地殼的形成與演化　出處：《巖石學報》2016年09期 　論文類型：期刊論文

  更多相關文章： 區(qū)域變質作用 變質單元 P-T軌跡 變質事件 地殼生長和演化 陸塊聚合

【摘要】：在編制1∶500萬中國變質地質圖的基礎上,本文總結了中國主要變質帶的演化以及各變質帶與中國大陸地殼形成演化之間的內在聯(lián)系。雖然在華北和華南克拉通都有古太古代到中太古代的變質年代記錄,但是由于后期改造其變質作用的特點及與區(qū)域構造背景的聯(lián)系已難以追索。新太古代末-古元古代初期的變質作用在華北克拉通表現(xiàn)最明顯,這期變質作用緊隨大規(guī)模的TTG巖漿作用,普遍具有逆時針的P-T演化軌跡,反映了地幔柱主導的巖漿-變質事件特點。古元古代晚期的變質事件在華北、華南、塔里木克拉通都有強烈反映。這期變質作用以形成具有順時針P-T演化軌跡的高壓麻粒巖為特點,與形成Columbia超大陸的一些造山帶的特點類似,但是這三個不同克拉通在與Columbia聚合的時間和空間方位上存在差異。華南克拉通是相對年輕的克拉通,是沿新元古代江南造山帶揚子和華夏地塊拼合的產物。新元古代江南造山帶的火山巖形成時代和變質作用程度從北東向南西遷移,反映了造山過程逐漸遷移和剪刀式閉合的特點。形成華南克拉通后,在其東南緣又先后經歷了加里東期和印支期的變質改造,并且由北西向南東變質帶從加里東期轉變?yōu)橛≈?但是這兩期變質作用的構造背景尚不很清楚。中國南北大陸的聚合首先從西昆侖-阿爾金-北祁連-北秦嶺-桐柏開始,所反映的變質作用是早古生代的藍片巖相和榴輝巖相變質巖相伴產出,表明經歷了從洋殼俯沖到陸陸碰撞的演化過程。中國東部的南北大陸到印支期才最終匯聚,相應的變質作用以南部出現(xiàn)高壓藍片巖相、北部出現(xiàn)超高壓的榴輝巖相變質帶為特點,表明南方大陸向北方大陸的俯沖。超高壓帶內普遍含有柯石英,意味著大規(guī)模的陸殼深俯沖。華北克拉通和塔里木克拉通以北的中亞造山帶內存在多條從早古生代到晚古生代的變質帶和多條藍片巖相變質帶,表明這是一個由多階段、多條變質帶組成的造山區(qū)。但是其變質作用的空間和時間演化還有待進一步深入。青藏高原變質帶具有北老南新的空間分布特點,最北部的印支期龍木錯-雙湖-瀾滄江變質帶反映了原特提斯和古特提斯洋的碰撞拼合過程,北部的燕山期班公湖-怒江變質帶和中部的喜馬拉雅早期雅魯藏布江變質帶反映了新特提斯洋的兩次碰撞拼合過程,南部喜馬拉雅晚期的高喜馬拉雅變質帶反映了印度板塊向北俯沖導致的高原快速隆升過程。
[Abstract]:Based on the compilation of 1: 5 million China metamorphic geological map, this paper summarizes the evolution of the main metamorphic belts in China, and the internal relations between the metamorphic belts and the crustal formation and evolution of the Chinese mainland. Although in the North China and Southern China both have carat Archean metamorphic age to mesoarchean records, but due to the characteristics of the late reformation of metamorphism and regional tectonic background relation has been difficult to recover. At the end of the late Archean metamorphic Paleoproterozoic early in the North China Craton is the most obvious, the metamorphism followed by TTG magmatism in large scale, generally has a counter clockwise P-T paths, reflects the characteristics of the mantle plume dominated by magmatic metamorphic events. Late Paleoproterozoic metamorphic events are strongly reflected in the north, Southern China, through the Tarim craton. This metamorphism is characterized by the formation of high-pressure granulites with clockwise P-T evolution. It is similar to the characteristics of some orogenic belts that form the Columbia supercontinent. However, these three cratones differ in the temporal and spatial directions of Columbia polymerization. The Southern China craton is a relatively young craton, which is the product of the combination of the Yangtze and the Huaxia massif in the Neoproterozoic Jiangnan orogenic belt. The Neoproterozoic Jiangnan orogenic belt migrated from NE to NW in the age of formation and metamorphism, reflecting the gradual migration of orogenic process and the scissors closure. After the formation of Southern China craton, it experienced Caledonian and Indosinian metamorphism in the southeastern margin, and changed from Caledonian to Indosinian, but the tectonic setting of these two metamorphism is not yet clear. First of all, North and South Chinese polymerization from West Kunlun Altyn Tagh North Qilian - North Qinling Mountains - Tongbai, metamorphism is reflected in the early Paleozoic blueschist facies and eclogite facies metamorphic rocks accompanied by output, shows that the evolution from subduction to continental collision. The southern and northern continent of China was finally converged to Indo Chinese epoch. The corresponding metamorphism is characterized by high-pressure blueshite facies in the South and UHP eclogite facies metamorphic belt in the north, indicating the subduction of the southern continent to the northern continent. Ultra high pressure zone generally contain coesite, means that large-scale continental subduction. There are multiple metamorphic belts from the early Paleozoic to late Palaeozoic and many blue stripe facies metamorphic belts in the Central Asian orogenic belt north of the North China Craton and the Tarim craton, indicating that this is an orogenic zone composed of multi stages and multiple metamorphic belts. However, the evolution of the space and time of its metamorphism remains to be further studied. The spatial distribution characteristic of North South Tibetan Plateau old metamorphic belt, the northern Indosinian Longmucuo Shuanghu - Lancang River metamorphic belt reflects the collision between Dhi Te Tis and the Paleo Tethys ocean, northern Yanshan during the Bangong Lake Nu River metamorphic belt and central Himalaya early Brahmaputra metamorphic belt reflects two collisions the matching process of the Neo Tethys ocean, the southern Himalaya Himalaya high metamorphic zone reflects the late northward subduction of India plate led to the rapid uplift of the plateau process.
【作者單位】： 中國地質科學院地質研究所;
【分類號】：P588.34
【正文快照】： 區(qū)域變質作用常發(fā)生在特定的構造部位,通過變質作用演化特點的研究可以追索變質巖系在變質作用發(fā)生的過程中所處的構造環(huán)境。板塊構造學說提出以后,變質作用的形成和演化與板塊離散、俯沖、碰撞等機制聯(lián)系日益緊密(Smish,1984;Bucher and Frey,1994;Barker,1998;Brown,2001;張

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