【摘要】：電能已作為一種無形的“商品”,廣泛地流通于工農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)、人民生活等各個(gè)領(lǐng)域。對于“商品”,我們市場要求要達(dá)到一定的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)才能合格,即電能質(zhì)量達(dá)標(biāo)。然而,隨著非線性電力電子器件的廣泛使用,電力系統(tǒng)中出現(xiàn)了大量的諧波,諧波又進(jìn)而使得系統(tǒng)電壓和電流波形發(fā)生了畸變;與此同時(shí),電能用戶對電能質(zhì)量的要求也越來越高;因此,解決諧波問題是使電能這個(gè)“商品”合格的必要條件。變頻器因其體積小、重量輕、成本低及效率高等優(yōu)點(diǎn),在各生產(chǎn)領(lǐng)域中倍受青睞,特別是在風(fēng)機(jī)類、水泵類、卷板機(jī)類等傳動系統(tǒng)中廣泛使用。它屬于典型的電力電子非線性負(fù)載,雖然它有優(yōu)良的調(diào)速性能和顯著的節(jié)能效果,但隨之產(chǎn)生的諧波也不容忽視。本文中所測的多變頻調(diào)速恒壓供水系統(tǒng)采用的是交-直-交變頻器,其輸入側(cè)是三相橋式整流電路;在此回路中,輸入電流的波形為矩形波,按傅立葉級數(shù)分解后,含有(6n±1)次諧波;因此,考慮以三相橋式整流電路作為該諧波源模型。同時(shí),根據(jù)變頻器諧波源特性,分析有源濾波器的拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu),設(shè)計(jì)出并聯(lián)混合有源濾波器,濾波系統(tǒng)由有源濾波器經(jīng)耦合變壓器串聯(lián)無源濾波器接入系統(tǒng)。無源濾波器價(jià)格便宜,充分合理配置時(shí),可降低有源濾波器的容量,即起到“粗調(diào)”的作用;有源濾波器改善無源濾波器的濾波特性,避免可能發(fā)生的串、并聯(lián)諧振,即起著“細(xì)調(diào)”的作用;兩者取長補(bǔ)短以達(dá)到最好的濾波效果。本文提出了濾波器參數(shù)多目標(biāo)優(yōu)化的問題,考慮了經(jīng)濟(jì)指標(biāo)、諧波抑制效果、無功補(bǔ)償?shù)纫蛩?綜合實(shí)現(xiàn)參數(shù)多目標(biāo)的優(yōu)化。提出了用多目標(biāo)粒子群優(yōu)化算法的解決方案,給出了具體實(shí)現(xiàn)步驟和程序。在Matlab/Simulink中仿真分析表明,采用此算法求得的濾波器參數(shù),在兼顧無功補(bǔ)償、避免串并聯(lián)諧振和保證濾波效果的同時(shí),使得濾波裝置初期費(fèi)用小,以求得良好的經(jīng)濟(jì)性。
[Abstract]:As an invisible commodity, electric energy has been widely circulated in various fields such as industrial and agricultural production, people's life and so on. For "commodities", our market requires to meet certain standards in order to meet the standards, that is, power quality standards. However, with the wide use of nonlinear power electronic devices, a large number of harmonics appear in the power system, which in turn distorts the voltage and current waveforms of the system. At the same time, the requirements of power users for power quality are getting higher and higher. Therefore, solving harmonic problem is a necessary condition to make power as a "commodity" qualified. Frequency converter is popular in various production fields because of its small volume, light weight, low cost and high efficiency, especially in fan, pump, plate coiler and other transmission systems. It is a typical nonlinear load of power electronics. Although it has excellent speed regulation performance and remarkable energy saving effect, the harmonics can not be ignored. The multi-frequency speed regulation constant pressure water supply system measured in this paper adopts AC-DC-AC converter, and its input side is three-phase bridge rectifier circuit. In this circuit, the waveform of the input current is a rectangular wave, which is decomposed according to Fourier series and contains (6n 鹵1) harmonics. Therefore, the three-phase bridge rectifier circuit is considered as the harmonic source model. At the same time, according to the characteristics of harmonic source of frequency converter, the topological structure of active power filter is analyzed, and the parallel hybrid active filter is designed. The filter system is connected to the system by coupling transformer series passive filter. The passive filter is cheap and can reduce the capacity of the active filter when it is fully and reasonably configured, that is to say, it can play the role of "rough tuning". Active power filter (APF) improves the filtering characteristics of passive filter, avoids the possible string and parallel resonance, that is to say, it plays the role of "fine tuning", and the two play the role of "fine tuning", and the two complement each other to achieve the best filtering effect. In this paper, the problem of multi-objective optimization of filter parameters is put forward, and the economic index, harmonic suppression effect, reactive power compensation and other factors are considered to realize the optimization of multi-objective parameters. The solution of multi-objective particle swarm optimization algorithm is proposed, and the concrete implementation steps and programs are given. The simulation analysis in Matlab/Simulink shows that the filter parameters obtained by this algorithm not only take into account reactive power compensation, avoid series-parallel resonance and ensure the filtering effect, but also make the initial cost of the filter device small in order to obtain good economy.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南昌大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TM761;TN713.8

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本文編號：2487171