【摘要】：科學(xué)技術(shù)的騰飛促進(jìn)了世界范圍內(nèi)的軍事競(jìng)爭(zhēng),鑒于各類飛行器、導(dǎo)彈等武器的大威力性和攻擊過(guò)程中的快速性,建立相應(yīng)的防護(hù)系統(tǒng)已經(jīng)是國(guó)防工作的重點(diǎn)。天基紅外探測(cè)作為目前最成熟可靠的探測(cè)手段,對(duì)防護(hù)系統(tǒng)起到重要支撐作用,針對(duì)背景的紅外模擬自然也成為國(guó)內(nèi)外學(xué)者重點(diǎn)研究的課題。高軌探測(cè)器進(jìn)行目標(biāo)探測(cè)時(shí),目標(biāo)主要處于地球背景或大氣臨邊背景中。真實(shí)情況中,不同地表類型和大氣模式之間存在較大差異,同時(shí)底層大氣中氣象條件也較為復(fù)雜,這都為紅外背景模擬提出了難題。針對(duì)以上問(wèn)題,本文工作主要圍繞以下幾個(gè)方面展開:首先,利用成熟的大氣傳輸模型MODTRAN4,計(jì)算了 2個(gè)大氣窗口下具有典型大氣和地表特征的區(qū)域在無(wú)云大氣和典型水云大氣條件下觀測(cè)路徑輻射亮度和透過(guò)率。針對(duì)無(wú)云情況總結(jié)對(duì)比了不同地表類型、大氣模式、氣溶膠對(duì)的背景輻射傳輸?shù)挠绊憽ａ槍?duì)有云情況,分析總結(jié)了不同云條件下背景輻射的傳輸特點(diǎn)。通過(guò)對(duì)比兩種情況下的路徑透過(guò)率和各成分輻射亮度計(jì)算結(jié)果,分析了云對(duì)地球背景和臨邊背景輻射傳輸?shù)挠绊�。同時(shí)通過(guò)定義和計(jì)算輻射亮度的相對(duì)變化比例,討論了地球背景模擬中水云與地表的圖像區(qū)分問(wèn)題。計(jì)算和分析結(jié)果對(duì)模型構(gòu)建提供理論基礎(chǔ)和數(shù)據(jù)支持。其次,通過(guò)對(duì)相關(guān)氣象資料和地理資料的總結(jié)和梳理,對(duì)全球地表類型和適用的大氣模式進(jìn)行了簡(jiǎn)化分類,根據(jù)緯度對(duì)整體及個(gè)別區(qū)域條件下出現(xiàn)的云類型、云量等進(jìn)行了確定,結(jié)合已計(jì)算的結(jié)果,建立了相應(yīng)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)。并在課題組原有的地球及臨邊紅外背景模型的基礎(chǔ)上,建立了探測(cè)視場(chǎng)模型和視場(chǎng)中的云紅外輻射模型,實(shí)現(xiàn)了對(duì)指定區(qū)域條件下的地球背景的探測(cè)視場(chǎng)模擬以及視場(chǎng)內(nèi)指定云場(chǎng)景的模擬。本文的工作實(shí)現(xiàn)了指定探測(cè)視場(chǎng)下的多種有云條件的地球紅外背景模擬,對(duì)原有的地球及臨邊背景輻射模型有一定的完善作用,提高了模型的實(shí)用性。探測(cè)視場(chǎng)內(nèi)的紅外輻射仿真結(jié)果考慮了地表類型、大氣模式和云量等因素,能夠較為真實(shí)的呈現(xiàn)出了指定地理位置下探測(cè)視場(chǎng)內(nèi)的地球及臨邊背景的紅外輻射特征,對(duì)紅外目標(biāo)識(shí)別與模擬技術(shù)有一定支持作用。
[Abstract]:The take-off of science and technology has promoted the military competition in the world. In view of the great power of all kinds of aircraft, missiles and other weapons and the rapidity in the process of attack, the establishment of the corresponding protection system has become the focus of national defense work. As the most mature and reliable detection method, space-based infrared detection plays an important supporting role in the protection system. Infrared simulation for the background has naturally become a key research topic for scholars at home and abroad. When the high orbit detector is used for target detection, the target is mainly in the background of the earth or the edge of the atmosphere. In the real situation, there are great differences between different surface types and atmospheric models, and the meteorological conditions in the bottom atmosphere are also more complex, which poses a difficult problem for infrared background simulation. In view of the above problems, the work of this paper mainly focuses on the following aspects: first, using the mature atmospheric transmission model MODTRAN4, The radiance and transmittance of the observed paths in two atmospheric windows with typical atmospheric and surface characteristics are calculated under the conditions of cloudless atmosphere and typical water cloud atmosphere. The effects of different surface types, atmospheric models and aerosols on background radiation transport are summarized and compared according to the cloudless condition. According to the cloud situation, the transmission characteristics of background radiation under different cloud conditions are analyzed and summarized. By comparing the calculated results of path transmittance and radiance of each component in the two cases, the influence of clouds on the radiation transmission between the earth background and the adjacent background is analyzed. At the same time, by defining and calculating the relative variation ratio of radiance, the image distinction between water cloud and surface in earth background simulation is discussed. The results of calculation and analysis provide theoretical basis and data support for the construction of the model. Secondly, by summing up and combing the relevant meteorological data and geographical data, the global surface types and applicable atmospheric models are simplified and classified, and the cloud types under the overall and individual regional conditions are classified according to the latitude. The cloud cover is determined, and the corresponding database is established according to the calculated results. On the basis of the original infrared background model of the earth and the edge of the research group, the detection field of view model and the cloud infrared radiation model in the field of view are established. The field of view simulation of the earth background and the simulation of the specified cloud scene in the field of view are realized. The work of this paper realizes the infrared background simulation of the earth with cloud conditions under the specified detection field of view, which can perfect the original earth and adjacent background radiation model to a certain extent, and improve the practicability of the model. The infrared radiation simulation results in the detection field of view take into account the surface type, atmospheric model and cloud cover, which can show the infrared radiation characteristics of the earth and the adjacent background in the detection field of view at a specified geographical position. It can support infrared target recognition and simulation technology to a certain extent.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TN215

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