【摘要】：作為大功率寬帶毫米波源,回旋放大器是下一代遠(yuǎn)距離高分辨率成像雷達(dá)發(fā)射機(jī)的必然選擇,回旋放大器要實(shí)現(xiàn)雷達(dá)應(yīng)用,其相位特性必須滿足雷達(dá)整機(jī)要求。主要指標(biāo)包括相位時(shí)間穩(wěn)定度,相位隨輸入頻率變化的連續(xù)性(相頻特性),相位隨輸入幅值變化的連續(xù)性(幅相特性),相位隨外加電壓、發(fā)射電流變化趨勢(shì)等指標(biāo)。雷達(dá)整機(jī)對(duì)這些指標(biāo)有嚴(yán)格要求,同時(shí)這些指標(biāo)也影響雷達(dá)接收機(jī)與發(fā)射機(jī)配套單元的設(shè)計(jì)。這些參量與回旋行波管的高頻結(jié)構(gòu)共同(邊界條件)決定了注波互作用過(guò)程,必須建立這些參量在給定邊界條件下對(duì)輸出相位影響的物理模型,才能有效優(yōu)化回旋行波管的高頻結(jié)構(gòu),使其輸出相位達(dá)到雷達(dá)整機(jī)的要求。普通行波管的相位特性的研究已開(kāi)展多年,分別進(jìn)行了相位的冷場(chǎng)特性及熱場(chǎng)非線性的特性的研究,相位的一致性理論與仿真研究,并在此基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行了相位一致性行波管研制工作;研究了相位噪聲的來(lái)源對(duì)雷達(dá)作用距離的影響,及相噪抑制技術(shù)。通過(guò)以上相位特性的研究使行波管廣泛用于各類雷達(dá)、通信及以對(duì)抗系統(tǒng)中。但回旋行波管的雷達(dá)應(yīng)用還處于起步階段,其相位問(wèn)題的研究國(guó)內(nèi)外尚無(wú)文獻(xiàn)報(bào)道。本論文是主要是對(duì)是對(duì)回旋行波管的輸出相位進(jìn)行了分析研究。對(duì)輸入耦合器和輸出漸變段進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化分析設(shè)計(jì)。分析了回旋行波管輸出相位的決定性因素。對(duì)多模及反射條件下冷場(chǎng)相位隨邊界及工作頻率變化問(wèn)題進(jìn)行分析研究,得出保持冷場(chǎng)相位隨頻率連續(xù)變化的關(guān)鍵是保證電磁波在整管內(nèi)單模,小反射耦合與傳播的結(jié)論。對(duì)冷場(chǎng)耦合過(guò)程中高模式純度低反射技術(shù)進(jìn)行分析研究,分析了輸入耦合器的耦合縫改變對(duì)相位所產(chǎn)生的影響,耦合縫的位置固定的情況下其他因素對(duì)輸出相位所產(chǎn)生的影響,對(duì)耦合器外腔寬帶模式隔離技術(shù)和高耦合小擾動(dòng)技術(shù)進(jìn)行了簡(jiǎn)要的分析。對(duì)冷場(chǎng)傳播過(guò)程中高模式純度低反射技術(shù)進(jìn)行分析說(shuō)明。對(duì)高頻冷場(chǎng)相位隨外界變化控制技術(shù)進(jìn)行分析說(shuō)明。然后是對(duì)冷場(chǎng)相位測(cè)試技術(shù)進(jìn)行了簡(jiǎn)單的說(shuō)明,包括耦合器冷場(chǎng)測(cè)試技術(shù)、高頻加載段的冷場(chǎng)相位測(cè)試以及輸出漸變段冷場(chǎng)相位測(cè)試技術(shù)。最后是對(duì)回旋行波管的熱場(chǎng)相位進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)單的理論分析與編程計(jì)算分析,分析了熱場(chǎng)相位穩(wěn)態(tài)情況下隨外界條件變化趨勢(shì)問(wèn)題,用大信號(hào)以及小信號(hào)理論進(jìn)行了理論推導(dǎo)。對(duì)熱場(chǎng)相位在時(shí)變多模狀態(tài)下隨時(shí)間變化問(wèn)題進(jìn)行了簡(jiǎn)要分析。
[Abstract]:As a high-power wideband millimeter-wave source, gyroscope amplifier is the inevitable choice of the next generation of long-range high-resolution imaging radar transmitter. In order to realize radar application, the phase characteristics of gyroscope amplifier must meet the requirements of the whole radar machine. The main parameters include the stability of phase time, the continuity of phase with input frequency (phase frequency), the continuity of phase with input amplitude (amplitude and phase characteristic), the variation trend of phase with applied voltage and emission current, etc. The radar machine has strict requirements for these indexes, and these indexes also affect the design of the matching units of radar receiver and transmitter. These parameters and the high frequency structure of the gyrotron determine the beam-wave interaction process. The physical model of the effect of these parameters on the output phase under given boundary conditions must be established. In order to optimize the high frequency structure of gyrotron TWT effectively, the output phase can meet the requirements of radar. The phase characteristics of ordinary TWT have been studied for many years. The phase characteristics of cold field and thermal field, the theory of phase consistency and the simulation are studied respectively. On this basis, the phase consistent TWT is developed. The effect of the source of phase noise on radar range and the technique of phase noise suppression are studied. TWT is widely used in radar, communication and countermeasure systems through the study of phase characteristics above. However, the radar application of gyrotron is still in its infancy, and the study of its phase has not been reported in domestic and foreign literature. In this thesis, the output phase of gyrotron is studied. The input coupler and output gradient section are optimized and designed. The decisive factors of the output phase of the gyrotron are analyzed. The variation of the phase of the cold field with the boundary and the working frequency under the condition of multimode and reflection is analyzed and studied. It is concluded that the key to keep the phase of the cold field changing continuously with the frequency is to ensure the electromagnetic wave to be coupled and propagated in single mode and small reflection in the whole tube. The technique of high mode purity and low reflection in the process of cold field coupling is analyzed. The effect of the coupling slot change of the input coupler on the phase and the effect of other factors on the output phase under the condition of fixed position of the coupling slot are analyzed. The broadband mode isolation technique and the high coupling small disturbance technique for the external cavity of coupler are briefly analyzed. The technique of high mode purity and low reflection in the process of cold field propagation is analyzed and explained. The control technology of the phase change of high frequency cold field with the outside environment is analyzed and explained. Then the cold field phase measurement technology is introduced, including coupler cold field measurement technology, high frequency loading phase measurement and output gradient phase measurement technology. Finally, a simple theoretical analysis and programming analysis of the thermal field phase of the gyrotron traveling wave tube are carried out, and the trend of the thermal field phase changing with the external conditions under the steady state condition of the thermal field is analyzed. The theoretical derivation is carried out by using the large signal theory and the small signal theory. The change of thermal field phase with time in time-varying multimode state is analyzed briefly.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TN124

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