【摘要】：電磁超聲脈沖發(fā)生器是利用電磁感應(yīng)機(jī)理實(shí)現(xiàn)高功率超聲脈沖輸出裝置,由于其本身有具有非接觸、無(wú)需耦合介質(zhì)、分辨率高等諸多優(yōu)點(diǎn),在醫(yī)療、工業(yè)清洗、工業(yè)無(wú)損檢測(cè)、水下聲納等領(lǐng)域獲得廣泛應(yīng)用。如在無(wú)創(chuàng)腎結(jié)石和膽結(jié)石醫(yī)療應(yīng)用中,采用脈沖磁場(chǎng)作用于球形曲面箔片的球形匯聚聲脈沖波發(fā)生器,人們已經(jīng)在這種超聲脈沖發(fā)生器中獲得最高壓力值和可靠性系數(shù)。但是,在控制這種電磁聲脈沖發(fā)生器的聲脈沖持續(xù)時(shí)間時(shí)遇到困難,因?yàn)槠浼?lì)線圈匝數(shù)固定,所以脈沖時(shí)間僅能通過(guò)改變放電回路中的電容來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn),不能很好滿足實(shí)際應(yīng)用要求,同時(shí)還有轉(zhuǎn)換效率低的缺陷。國(guó)內(nèi)有關(guān)電磁超聲脈沖發(fā)生器的性能還與國(guó)際先進(jìn)產(chǎn)品間具有較大差距,因此深入研究電磁超聲脈沖發(fā)生器具有十分重要的實(shí)際應(yīng)用價(jià)值。針對(duì)這一現(xiàn)狀,本文抓住電磁學(xué)和超聲波這兩個(gè)學(xué)科的結(jié)合,結(jié)合多物理場(chǎng)相關(guān)理論。在分析現(xiàn)有的電磁超聲脈沖發(fā)生器的基礎(chǔ)上,從結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)和原理分析出發(fā),設(shè)計(jì)出成本低,結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單,輸出功率高,具有不同持續(xù)時(shí)間連續(xù)聲脈沖的電磁超聲脈沖發(fā)生器。本文主要安排如下:1.本文第一部分從課題的研究背景出發(fā),分析國(guó)內(nèi)外有關(guān)課題的研究現(xiàn)狀,從而引出課題研究的意義和必要性,闡述本文主要的研究工作。2.本課題的研究屬于交叉學(xué)科,涉及到多個(gè)學(xué)科主要包括電磁學(xué)和超聲學(xué),所以這一部分從電磁學(xué)和超聲學(xué)的角度介紹相關(guān)的理論指導(dǎo)。3.這一部分主要是整個(gè)系統(tǒng)的硬件電路的設(shè)計(jì),主要有三個(gè)部分:儲(chǔ)能電容充電電路,激勵(lì)線圈放電電路和脈沖選擇控制電路。對(duì)充放電系統(tǒng)中激勵(lì)線圈結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì),使其有多個(gè)輸出端,從而產(chǎn)生兩個(gè)或多個(gè)間隔可控的具有不同持續(xù)時(shí)間的連續(xù)聲脈沖電路系統(tǒng)。并通過(guò)檢測(cè)脈沖電流來(lái)做驗(yàn)證。4.本文這一部分用COMSOL Multiphysics對(duì)換能器進(jìn)行建模仿真,分析了換能器振動(dòng)箔片的振動(dòng)原理。并結(jié)合箔片的電磁激勵(lì)響應(yīng)、振幅響應(yīng),得出箔片位移和線圈激勵(lì)電流關(guān)系曲線,討論了振動(dòng)箔片形變與機(jī)械功率和能量轉(zhuǎn)換效率的關(guān)系,提出了箔片形變最佳點(diǎn)的概念。本文的設(shè)計(jì)可以有效的改善現(xiàn)有聲脈沖發(fā)生器單一不靈活、轉(zhuǎn)換效率低的缺點(diǎn),對(duì)于超聲在醫(yī)療設(shè)備、聲空化等領(lǐng)域的發(fā)展提供了理論和實(shí)踐意義。
[Abstract]:Electromagnetic ultrasonic pulse generator is a high power ultrasonic pulse output device based on electromagnetic induction mechanism. Because of its advantages of non-contact, no coupling medium, high resolution and so on, electromagnetic ultrasonic pulse generator is widely used in medical treatment, industrial cleaning, industrial nondestructive testing, etc. Underwater sonar and other fields have been widely used. For example, in the medical application of non-invasive renal calculi and gallstones, a spherical convergent acoustic pulse generator with pulsed magnetic field acting on the spherical curved foil has been used to obtain the highest pressure and reliability coefficient in this ultrasonic pulse generator. However, it is difficult to control the duration of the electromagnetic acoustic pulse generator. Because the number of coil turns is fixed, the pulse time can only be achieved by changing the capacitance in the discharge loop. It can not meet the practical application requirements well, but also has the defect of low conversion efficiency. The performance of electromagnetic ultrasonic pulse generator in China still has a big gap with the international advanced products, so it has very important practical application value to study electromagnetic ultrasonic pulse generator in depth. In view of this situation, this paper focuses on the combination of electromagnetics and ultrasonic, combined with the theory of multiple physical fields. Based on the analysis of the existing electromagnetic ultrasonic pulse generator, the electromagnetic ultrasonic pulse generator with low cost, simple structure, high output power and different duration continuous acoustic pulse is designed from the structure design and principle analysis. The main arrangement of this paper is as follows: 1. The first part of this paper is based on the background of the research, analyzes the current situation of the research at home and abroad, leads to the significance and necessity of the research, and expounds the main research work of this paper. 2. The research of this subject belongs to the interdisciplinary subject, involving many subjects, mainly including electromagnetism and ultrasound, so this part introduces the relevant theoretical guidance from the point of view of electromagnetism and ultrasound. 3. This part is mainly the design of the hardware circuit of the whole system. There are three main parts: the charge circuit of energy storage capacitor, the discharge circuit of exciting coil and the pulse selection control circuit. The structure of excitation coil in charge-discharge system is designed so that it has multiple output terminals, so as to produce two or more continuous acoustic pulse circuits with controlled intervals and different durations. And by detecting the pulse current to do the verification. 4. In this part, COMSOL Multiphysics is used to model and simulate the transducer, and the vibration principle of the vibration foil of the transducer is analyzed. Combining the electromagnetic excitation response and amplitude response of the foil, the relation curve between the foil displacement and the coil excitation current is obtained, the relationship between the vibration foil deformation and the mechanical power and energy conversion efficiency is discussed, and the concept of the optimal point of the foil deformation is put forward. The design of this paper can effectively improve the shortcomings of single inflexibility and low conversion efficiency of the existing acoustic pulse generator, which provides theoretical and practical significance for the development of ultrasonic in medical equipment, acoustic cavitation and other fields.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：杭州電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TN782

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