【摘要】：輻射計(jì)可用于遙感、安檢、制導(dǎo)等領(lǐng)域中,在軍事、環(huán)境科學(xué)上都有重要的作用。毫米波輻射計(jì)接收前端電路現(xiàn)在主要采用的是直接檢波式結(jié)構(gòu)。毫米波放大檢波電路作為毫米波輻射計(jì)的關(guān)鍵部件,對(duì)系統(tǒng)性能指標(biāo)起決定性作用。國(guó)外對(duì)W波段技術(shù)研究起步早,技術(shù)比較成熟,技術(shù)水平處于優(yōu)勢(shì)地位;國(guó)內(nèi)W波段技術(shù)相對(duì)起步較晚,正處于追趕國(guó)外技術(shù)的階段。本文采用混合集成電路的形式對(duì)W波段放大檢波電路進(jìn)行了設(shè)計(jì)。本文首先介紹了毫米波基本特點(diǎn)及應(yīng)用和輻射計(jì)前端電路,并簡(jiǎn)要的闡述國(guó)內(nèi)外發(fā)展動(dòng)態(tài),同時(shí)給出了課題的研究意義和具體指標(biāo)。然后,通過(guò)課題的給出的指標(biāo),給出了電路的整體設(shè)計(jì)方案以及方案中各器件的指標(biāo)預(yù)估。然后,先進(jìn)行了對(duì)低噪聲放大器基本原理與指標(biāo)的介紹,根據(jù)預(yù)估的指標(biāo)選取合適的低噪聲放大器單片;然后對(duì)視頻放大器原理進(jìn)行了介紹和選擇合適的運(yùn)算放大器,并進(jìn)行了測(cè)試。然后,先對(duì)毫米波波導(dǎo)-探針-微帶過(guò)渡進(jìn)行了介紹,并進(jìn)了設(shè)計(jì)和加工,測(cè)試結(jié)果顯示設(shè)計(jì)的過(guò)渡基本滿足要求;其次對(duì)檢波器的基本理論和主要技術(shù)指標(biāo)進(jìn)行了介紹,設(shè)計(jì)了三種不同的方案來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)W頻段檢波器:方案一檢波二極管在微帶線上實(shí)現(xiàn)了微帶檢波器;方案二檢波二極管在共面波導(dǎo)上實(shí)現(xiàn)共面波導(dǎo)檢波器;方案三采用MMIC單片結(jié)構(gòu)實(shí)現(xiàn)單片檢波器。通過(guò)最終的測(cè)試,選擇達(dá)到滿足指標(biāo)的微帶檢波器應(yīng)用于整體的結(jié)構(gòu)中。然后,對(duì)整體電路指標(biāo)進(jìn)行了可行性分析,設(shè)計(jì)了W波段放大檢波電路的腔體、微帶電路和背面穩(wěn)壓塊、視頻放大器等低頻電路,腔體尺寸和外觀滿足指標(biāo)要求,隨后給出了調(diào)試和測(cè)試過(guò)程,并得到了最終的測(cè)試結(jié)果。最后,整體電路設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程進(jìn)行總結(jié),并根據(jù)測(cè)試結(jié)果進(jìn)行了分析,并給出了電路改進(jìn)措施。
[Abstract]:Radiometers can be used in remote sensing, security inspection, guidance and other fields, in military, environmental science plays an important role. Millimeter-wave radiometer receiving front-end circuit mainly adopts the structure of direct detection. As a key component of millimeter wave radiometer, millimeter wave amplification and detection circuit plays a decisive role in system performance. The research on W-band technology in foreign countries started early, the technology is relatively mature, and the technology level is in the dominant position, and the domestic W-band technology is relatively late and is in the stage of catching up with foreign technology. In this paper, the W-band amplification and detection circuit is designed in the form of hybrid integrated circuit. In this paper, the basic characteristics and application of millimeter wave and the front-end circuit of radiometer are introduced, and the development of millimeter-wave at home and abroad is briefly described. At the same time, the research significance and specific index of the subject are given. Then, the overall design scheme of the circuit and the index estimation of each device in the scheme are given through the index given in the subject. Then, the basic principle and index of LNA are introduced, and the suitable LNA single chip is selected according to the predictor. Then the principle of video amplifier is introduced and the appropriate operational amplifier is selected and tested. Then, the millimeter-wave waveguide-probe microstrip transition is introduced, and the design and fabrication are carried out. The test results show that the transition of the design basically meets the requirements. Secondly, the basic theory and main technical specifications of the geophone are introduced, and three different schemes are designed to realize the W-band geophone: scheme one, the detector diode realizes the microstrip geophone on the microstrip line; The second scheme realizes the coplanar waveguide detector on the coplanar waveguide, and the third scheme uses MMIC monolithic structure to realize the monolithic detector. Through the final test, the microstrip detector which meets the target is selected and applied to the whole structure. Then, the feasibility of the whole circuit index is analyzed, and the cavity, microstrip circuit and low frequency circuit such as the back voltage stabilizer and video amplifier are designed. The size and appearance of the cavity meet the requirements. Then the debugging and testing process are given, and the final test results are obtained. Finally, the whole circuit design process is summarized and analyzed according to the test results, and the circuit improvement measures are given.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TN763.1

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