旋轉機械光纖信號無接觸傳輸方法及特性的研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-09-10 06:21
【摘要】：隨著光纖傳感技術的飛速發(fā)展和不斷創(chuàng)新,為機械系統(tǒng)的狀態(tài)與故障監(jiān)測開辟了一種全新的測試原理和檢測方法,光纖光柵檢測技術已開始應用于汽輪機等大型旋轉機械運行狀態(tài)實時監(jiān)測的場合,為滿足監(jiān)測光路中,旋轉機械平臺、監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)設備之間信息連接的需要,需用到光纖旋轉連接裝置,以實現(xiàn)光纖信號在高速轉子和靜止的檢測設備之間高效穩(wěn)定地傳輸。本學位論文在國家科技項目“863計劃”和大學生自主創(chuàng)新基金的支持下,開展面向旋轉機械的單通道光纖信號旋轉無接觸傳輸方法及特性的研究。從旋轉光纖信號傳輸光路損耗分析入手,提出了光纖信號旋轉傳輸?shù)木唧w工作指標,并對幾種常用的光纖準直器件的技術參數(shù)和耦合損耗進行對比分析,分析和推導了三種裝配誤差對準直器耦合損耗影響的理論公式,并通過實驗得出影響關系曲線;基于光路損耗的理論研究和國內(nèi)外發(fā)展的現(xiàn)狀,提出并設計了一種新型的單通道光纖信號自適應旋轉傳輸隔振連接器(文中簡稱:自適應旋轉連接器),對其工作原理、結構設計及創(chuàng)新點進行了具體闡述,分析了自適應旋轉連接器光路傳輸損耗。該設計已獲得國家專利授權(CN 203595833 U)。在理論分析的基礎上,研制出自適應旋轉連接器實物,并設計了裝配和調(diào)試實驗對其性能進行測試,得到了與理論研究相符的實驗結論,驗證了自適應旋轉連接器的可靠性和穩(wěn)定性;搭建了扭振測試平臺,以先進的光纖光柵測試方法,開展了自適應旋轉連接器的實驗研究,分析了在實驗室環(huán)境下的光信號旋轉傳輸特性和方法,并與雙準直器耦合測試系統(tǒng)進行了對比研究,證明了自適應旋轉連接器能充分滿足扭振測試平臺旋轉光信號的傳輸和檢測功用,揭示了雙準直器耦合和自適應旋轉連接器測試系統(tǒng)的優(yōu)缺點。相對于實驗室環(huán)境,選擇汽輪機轉子為研究對象,對自適應旋轉連接器應用于實際工況;搭建了汽輪機轉子狀態(tài)實時監(jiān)測平臺,介紹了監(jiān)測平臺的結構、測試方法及旋轉光路的設計,對比研究了雙準直器耦合、光纖滑環(huán)、自適應旋轉連接器三種光信號旋轉傳輸方案,證明了自適應旋轉連接器實際應用的可行性;通過對三種方案的優(yōu)劣對比,揭示了不同工況下光信號旋轉傳輸方案的選用原則。本學位論文所做的研究工作對于研制有自我知識產(chǎn)權的光纖旋轉連接裝置,豐富和發(fā)展光纖信號旋轉傳輸?shù)姆椒疤匦?以及提升我國大型旋轉機械的狀態(tài)監(jiān)測水平均具有十分重要的意義。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development and innovation of optical fiber sensing technology, a new testing principle and detection method have been developed for the condition and fault monitoring of mechanical system. Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) detection technology has been applied to the real-time monitoring of the running status of large rotating machinery such as steam turbines. In order to meet the needs of information connection between the monitoring optical path, the rotating machinery platform and the monitoring system equipment, In order to realize the efficient and stable transmission of the optical fiber signal between the high-speed rotor and the static detecting device, the optical fiber rotary connection device is needed. Supported by the National Science and Technology Project "863" and the College students' Independent Innovation Fund, this dissertation studies the rotating non-contact transmission method and characteristics of single-channel optical fiber signal for rotating machinery. Based on the analysis of optical path loss of optical fiber signal transmission, the specific working index of optical fiber signal rotation transmission is put forward, and the technical parameters and coupling loss of several commonly used optical fiber collimation devices are compared and analyzed. This paper analyses and deduces the theoretical formulas of three kinds of assembly error alignment straightener coupling loss, and obtains the influence relation curve by experiment, based on the theoretical research of optical path loss and the development of domestic and foreign, In this paper, a new type of single-channel optical fiber signal adaptive rotary transmission isolation connector is proposed and designed. The working principle, structure design and innovation of the connector are described in detail. The optical transmission loss of adaptive rotary connector is analyzed. The design has been granted a national patent (CN 203595833 U).) On the basis of theoretical analysis, an adaptive rotary connector is developed and its performance is tested by assembly and debugging experiments. The experimental results are in agreement with the theoretical research. The reliability and stability of the adaptive rotary connector are verified, and the torsional vibration testing platform is set up, and the experimental research of the adaptive rotary connector is carried out with the advanced fiber Bragg grating testing method. The characteristics and methods of optical signal rotating transmission in laboratory environment are analyzed and compared with the dual-collimator coupling test system. It is proved that the adaptive rotary connector can fully meet the transmission and detection function of the rotating light signal in the torsional vibration testing platform. The advantages and disadvantages of the dual collimator coupling and adaptive rotary connector test system are revealed. Compared with the laboratory environment, the turbine rotor is selected as the research object, and the adaptive rotary connector is applied to the actual working conditions, and the real-time monitoring platform of the turbine rotor condition is built, and the structure of the monitoring platform is introduced. The test method and the design of rotating optical circuit are compared. Three optical signal rotation transmission schemes are compared and studied, such as double collimator coupling, optical fiber sliding ring and adaptive rotation connector. The feasibility of practical application of adaptive rotary connector is proved. By comparing the advantages and disadvantages of the three schemes, the selection principle of optical signal rotation transmission scheme under different operating conditions is revealed. The research work done in this dissertation can enrich and develop the methods and characteristics of optical fiber signal rotation transmission. It is very important to improve the condition monitoring level of large rotating machinery in China.
【學位授予單位】：武漢理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TN253
本文編號：2233641
[Abstract]:With the rapid development and innovation of optical fiber sensing technology, a new testing principle and detection method have been developed for the condition and fault monitoring of mechanical system. Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) detection technology has been applied to the real-time monitoring of the running status of large rotating machinery such as steam turbines. In order to meet the needs of information connection between the monitoring optical path, the rotating machinery platform and the monitoring system equipment, In order to realize the efficient and stable transmission of the optical fiber signal between the high-speed rotor and the static detecting device, the optical fiber rotary connection device is needed. Supported by the National Science and Technology Project "863" and the College students' Independent Innovation Fund, this dissertation studies the rotating non-contact transmission method and characteristics of single-channel optical fiber signal for rotating machinery. Based on the analysis of optical path loss of optical fiber signal transmission, the specific working index of optical fiber signal rotation transmission is put forward, and the technical parameters and coupling loss of several commonly used optical fiber collimation devices are compared and analyzed. This paper analyses and deduces the theoretical formulas of three kinds of assembly error alignment straightener coupling loss, and obtains the influence relation curve by experiment, based on the theoretical research of optical path loss and the development of domestic and foreign, In this paper, a new type of single-channel optical fiber signal adaptive rotary transmission isolation connector is proposed and designed. The working principle, structure design and innovation of the connector are described in detail. The optical transmission loss of adaptive rotary connector is analyzed. The design has been granted a national patent (CN 203595833 U).) On the basis of theoretical analysis, an adaptive rotary connector is developed and its performance is tested by assembly and debugging experiments. The experimental results are in agreement with the theoretical research. The reliability and stability of the adaptive rotary connector are verified, and the torsional vibration testing platform is set up, and the experimental research of the adaptive rotary connector is carried out with the advanced fiber Bragg grating testing method. The characteristics and methods of optical signal rotating transmission in laboratory environment are analyzed and compared with the dual-collimator coupling test system. It is proved that the adaptive rotary connector can fully meet the transmission and detection function of the rotating light signal in the torsional vibration testing platform. The advantages and disadvantages of the dual collimator coupling and adaptive rotary connector test system are revealed. Compared with the laboratory environment, the turbine rotor is selected as the research object, and the adaptive rotary connector is applied to the actual working conditions, and the real-time monitoring platform of the turbine rotor condition is built, and the structure of the monitoring platform is introduced. The test method and the design of rotating optical circuit are compared. Three optical signal rotation transmission schemes are compared and studied, such as double collimator coupling, optical fiber sliding ring and adaptive rotation connector. The feasibility of practical application of adaptive rotary connector is proved. By comparing the advantages and disadvantages of the three schemes, the selection principle of optical signal rotation transmission scheme under different operating conditions is revealed. The research work done in this dissertation can enrich and develop the methods and characteristics of optical fiber signal rotation transmission. It is very important to improve the condition monitoring level of large rotating machinery in China.
【學位授予單位】：武漢理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TN253
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