【摘要】：光鑷技術(shù)在科學(xué)前沿領(lǐng)域具有越來越重要的應(yīng)用價值。光鑷通過光場形成的三維勢阱直接捕獲微小顆粒,具有無標(biāo)記、非接觸、無損傷、實(shí)時檢測等特點(diǎn),并且具有皮牛量級的微小作用力測量及微米量級的精確定位能力,因而非常適用于生物樣品的操控。激光光鑷的出現(xiàn)為生物醫(yī)學(xué)領(lǐng)域中細(xì)胞及生物分子的研究帶來了前所未有的操縱手段。然而,傳統(tǒng)的激光光鑷技術(shù)是針對遠(yuǎn)場的捕獲,且并不是對所有微小顆粒都能實(shí)現(xiàn)完美的操控。針對激光光鑷的局限性,近年來結(jié)構(gòu)型表面等離激元光鑷技術(shù)等近場光鑷技術(shù)得到了快速發(fā)展,但仍然存在場強(qiáng)度偏弱、難以實(shí)現(xiàn)動態(tài)操控等缺點(diǎn)。首先,針對激光光鑷技術(shù)在生命醫(yī)學(xué)領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用,本論文提出了一種新型動態(tài)激光光鑷技術(shù),并針對具體的生物學(xué)應(yīng)用開展了相關(guān)工作。其次,針對目前光鑷技術(shù)存在的缺陷,本論文提出了基于全光調(diào)控的聚焦型動態(tài)表面等離激元光鑷技術(shù),實(shí)現(xiàn)了針對金屬顆粒的靈活動態(tài)操控,并進(jìn)一步針對其應(yīng)用前景進(jìn)行了探索性研究。本論文的主要內(nèi)容包括:1.針對不同材料的顆粒在激光和表面等離激元光場中的受力情況進(jìn)行了理論分析,為光鑷技術(shù)的進(jìn)一步應(yīng)用奠定了理論基礎(chǔ)。2.針對生物醫(yī)學(xué)領(lǐng)域中藥物篩選、細(xì)胞檢測及分選等熱點(diǎn)問題,提出了一種新型動態(tài)光鑷系統(tǒng)。通過測量捕獲顆粒在液體中運(yùn)動的臨界速度,進(jìn)一步開展了針對藥物粘滯系數(shù)、轉(zhuǎn)基因細(xì)胞、癌細(xì)胞鑒別等方面的相關(guān)研究。該系統(tǒng)實(shí)現(xiàn)了快速、無標(biāo)記、低耗量、高精度的檢測,為進(jìn)一步針對臨床應(yīng)用的推廣奠定了基礎(chǔ)。3.針對目前光鑷技術(shù)中倏逝場偏弱、金屬顆粒難以捕獲的問題,提出了基于全光調(diào)控的聚焦型動態(tài)表面等離激元光鑷技術(shù)。理論上分析了聚焦表面等離激元場對金屬顆粒及納米線的作用力,并與激光光鑷中的受力做了對比分析;在實(shí)驗(yàn)上通過緊聚焦徑向偏振光激發(fā)表面等離激元場對其實(shí)現(xiàn)了對金屬顆粒的穩(wěn)定捕獲和動態(tài)操控;并進(jìn)一步針對金屬納米線結(jié)構(gòu)的特殊性,通過調(diào)控緊聚焦的線偏振光的偏振方向,實(shí)現(xiàn)了對金屬納米線的定位和定向操控。4.針對聚焦型表面等離激元光鑷的問題,提出并搭建了雙SPPs光鑷系統(tǒng),實(shí)現(xiàn)了嚴(yán)格意義上的單金屬顆粒穩(wěn)定捕獲和動態(tài)操控。在此基礎(chǔ)上,基于表面等離激元光鑷中金屬膜和金屬顆粒之間產(chǎn)生的極大局域增強(qiáng)場,進(jìn)一步開展了表面增強(qiáng)拉曼散射光譜的測量方面的研究,實(shí)現(xiàn)了對分子拉曼信號的增強(qiáng)及測量。5.針對SPPs光鑷技術(shù)在生物學(xué)的應(yīng)用,實(shí)現(xiàn)了透過細(xì)胞膜的金屬納米顆粒操控,為進(jìn)一步針對細(xì)胞膜成分檢測方面的研究提供了新的技術(shù)支持。
[Abstract]:Optical tweezers technology has more and more important application value in the front field of science. Optical tweezers capture tiny particles directly through three-dimensional potential wells formed by optical fields, which have the characteristics of no marking, no contact, no damage, real time detection, etc., and have the ability of measuring the micro force in the order of skin cattle and accurate positioning in the order of micron. Therefore, it is very suitable for the manipulation of biological samples. The emergence of laser optical tweezers has brought unprecedented manipulation for the study of cells and biomolecules in biomedical field. However, traditional laser tweezers are aimed at far field trapping, and not all tiny particles can be manipulated perfectly. In view of the limitations of laser optical tweezers, near-field optical tweezers, such as structural surface iso-excited optical tweezers, have been developed rapidly in recent years, but there are still some shortcomings such as weak field intensity and difficulty in dynamic manipulation. Firstly, aiming at the application of laser optical tweezers in the field of life medicine, a new dynamic laser optical tweezers technology is proposed in this paper, and related work is carried out for specific biological applications. Secondly, aiming at the defects of optical tweezers technology, this paper proposes a focused dynamic surface isobaric optical tweezers technology based on all-optical regulation, which realizes the flexible and dynamic manipulation of metal particles. Furthermore, an exploratory study on its application prospect is carried out. The main contents of this thesis include: 1. The stress of particles of different materials in laser and surface isobaric light fields is analyzed theoretically, which lays a theoretical foundation for the further application of optical tweezers. A new dynamic optical tweezers system is proposed to solve the hot issues in biomedical field such as drug screening, cell detection and sorting. By measuring the critical velocity of trapping particles in liquid, further studies were carried out on drug viscosity coefficient, transgenic cells, cancer cell identification and so on. The system realizes fast, unmarked, low consumption and high precision detection, which lays a foundation for further popularizing clinical application. Aiming at the problem that evanescent field is weak and metal particles are difficult to capture in optical tweezers a focused dynamic surface isobaric optical tweezers based on all-optical regulation is proposed. The forces acting on metal particles and nanowires in the focusing surface are analyzed theoretically and compared with the forces in laser optical tweezers. In experiments, the stable capture and dynamic manipulation of metal particles are realized by means of the surface excited by tightly focused radial polarized light, and the particularity of metal nanowire structure is further considered. By adjusting the polarization direction of the tightly focused linear polarized light, the orientation and control of metal nanowires are realized. In order to solve the problem of focusing surface isobaric optical tweezers, a dual SPPs optical tweezers system is proposed and constructed, which realizes the stable capture and dynamic manipulation of single metal particles in strict sense. On this basis, the measurement of surface-enhanced Raman scattering spectra is further studied on the basis of the maximum local enhancement field between the metal film and the metal particles in the surface isobaric optical tweezers. The enhancement and measurement of molecular Raman signal are realized. In view of the application of SPPs optical tweezers in biology, metal nanoparticles manipulating through cell membrane are realized, which provides a new technical support for further research on the detection of cell membrane composition.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南開大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TN24

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