本文選題：紅外行人檢測 + DM6437�。� 參考：《中國科學(xué)院大學(xué)（工程管理與信息技術(shù)學(xué)院）》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：因為路燈和車燈光照距離有限,再加上駕駛員夜間開車容易疲勞,夜間行駛極易發(fā)生行人被撞的交通事故。車載紅外行人檢測作為車輛輔助駕駛的一部分,可以在較遠的地方就提醒駕駛員行人的位置,從而提前做出判斷,一定程度上能大大降低交通意外發(fā)生的概率。 車載紅外行人檢測系統(tǒng)采用被動式紅外相機獲取外部圖像,硬件平臺基于TI公司的DAVINIC系列的芯片DM6437,軟件使用BIOS操作系統(tǒng),并實現(xiàn)紅外行人檢測算法在DM6437上的移植,基于DSP的內(nèi)部系統(tǒng)流程,對算法進行最大化的優(yōu)化,保證系統(tǒng)實時運行,基本滿足實際使用需求。 論文主要工作包括： (1)需求分析和硬件結(jié)構(gòu),以需求為基礎(chǔ)分析紅外車載行人檢測系統(tǒng)的幾種方案,比較各自優(yōu)缺點,本系統(tǒng)的一個創(chuàng)新點是選用硬件DSP加軟件算法的方案,然后分析主流DSP的優(yōu)缺點,針對本系統(tǒng)的需要,選擇DM6437做主芯片,硬件系統(tǒng)接口分析,分析了DM6437視頻輸入輸出系統(tǒng),按系統(tǒng)需求設(shè)計了視頻編碼模塊接口,包括TVP5146的介紹和選擇它的原因和其功能；外部存儲模塊DDR2接口分析,分析采用DDR2芯片的必要性和可行性,根據(jù)傳輸速度,大小等選擇合適的DDR2接口的存儲器,并實現(xiàn)該芯片和DM6437的接口；外擴FLASH存儲的的必要性分析,DM6437的EMIF控制器以及其和具體FLASH芯片的接口,I2C/CAN接口分析。 (2)軟件系統(tǒng)分析和設(shè)計,主要是實現(xiàn)整個系統(tǒng)軟件開發(fā)實現(xiàn)：包括CCS3.3開發(fā)環(huán)境搭建；為CCS33添加VLIB庫；軟件實現(xiàn)的基本平臺BIOS操作系統(tǒng)介紹并為本系統(tǒng)配置BIOS系統(tǒng)；通過BIOS提供的API函數(shù)實現(xiàn)軟件架構(gòu)搭建。介紹了紅外行人檢測算法的實現(xiàn),包括紅外行人分割、識別和行人跟蹤算法。紅外行人檢測算法代碼實現(xiàn)主要的流程包括讀取一幀視頻圖像、閾值分割、區(qū)域處理、模板匹配等四個過程。在此軟件架構(gòu)的基礎(chǔ)上移植紅外行人檢測算法,實現(xiàn)整個軟件算法的流程,最后實現(xiàn)軟件代碼調(diào)試. (3)實現(xiàn)了紅外行人檢測算法在DM6437的優(yōu)化,包括軟件流水的原理；編譯器的優(yōu)化：通過提升代碼局部性的優(yōu)化；基于改變數(shù)據(jù)類型的優(yōu)化；基于數(shù)值操作的優(yōu)化；減少函數(shù)調(diào)用以及跳轉(zhuǎn)指令的優(yōu)化；采用內(nèi)聯(lián)函數(shù)的優(yōu)化等等,每個優(yōu)化方式的后面給出該優(yōu)化方式對本論文算法的優(yōu)化的效果,比較其差異性,最后列出了各種優(yōu)化后的效果的表格,并展示了系統(tǒng)效果圖。本系統(tǒng)的一個創(chuàng)新點是在分析了DSP運行機制的基礎(chǔ)上在本系統(tǒng)上使用了所有的優(yōu)化方式,對優(yōu)化實現(xiàn)最大化。 本論文討論的紅外視頻檢測系統(tǒng),在整體識別過程中,使行人識別檢測率達到90%左右,優(yōu)化后在DM6437上的處理速度達到了20幀每秒,達到視頻實時顯示,故該系統(tǒng)具有較強的工程應(yīng)用價值。
[Abstract]:Because the distance between street lights and vehicle lights is limited, and drivers are easily tired in driving at night, pedestrian accidents occur easily at night. As a part of vehicle auxiliary driving, infrared pedestrian detection can remind the driver of the pedestrian position in the distance, and make the judgment in advance, which can greatly reduce the probability of traffic accident to a certain extent. Vehicle infrared pedestrian detection system uses passive infrared camera to obtain external images. The hardware platform is based on TI's DAVINIC series chip DM6437.The software uses BIOS operating system, and realizes the transplantation of infrared pedestrian detection algorithm on DM6437. Based on the internal system flow of DSP, the algorithm is optimized to ensure the real-time operation of the system and meet the practical needs. The main work of this paper includes: (1) requirement analysis and hardware structure. Several schemes of infrared vehicle pedestrian detection system are analyzed based on requirements, and their advantages and disadvantages are compared. One innovation of this system is to choose the scheme of hardware DSP plus software algorithm, then analyze the advantages and disadvantages of mainstream DSP, select DM6437 as the main chip to meet the needs of the system, analyze the hardware system interface, and analyze the DM6437 video input and output system. The video coding module interface is designed according to the system requirements, including the introduction and selection of TVP5146 and its function, the external storage module DDR2 interface analysis, the necessity and feasibility of using DDR2 chip, according to the transmission speed, The memory of the appropriate DDR2 interface is selected, and the interface between the chip and DM6437 is realized. Analysis on the necessity of Expanding Flash Storage EMIF controller of DM6437 and its interface with flash chip I 2C / can interface analysis. (2) Software system analysis and design, mainly to realize the whole system software development and implementation, including CCS3.3 development environment; We add VLIB library for CCS33, introduce the basic platform BIOS operating system of software implementation and configure BIOS system for this system, and build the software architecture through API function provided by BIOS. This paper introduces the realization of red pedestrian detection algorithm, including infrared pedestrian segmentation, recognition and pedestrian tracking algorithm. The main process of code implementation includes reading a frame of video image, threshold segmentation, region processing and template matching. On the basis of this software architecture, the infrared pedestrian detection algorithm is transplanted to realize the flow of the whole software algorithm, and finally the software code debugging is realized. (3) the optimization of the red pedestrian detection algorithm in DM6437 is realized, including the principle of software pipeline; Compiler optimization: optimization by improving code locality; optimization based on changing data types; optimization based on numerical operations; optimization of reduced function calls and jump instructions; optimization of inline functions, etc. At the end of each optimization method, the effect of the optimization method on the algorithm of this paper is given, and its difference is compared. Finally, the tables of various optimized results are listed, and the system effect diagram is shown. One of the innovations of this system is that we use all the optimization methods on the basis of analyzing the DSP operation mechanism to maximize the optimization. The infrared video detection system discussed in this paper makes the detection rate of pedestrian recognition reach about 90% in the whole recognition process, and the processing speed on DM6437 reaches 20 frames per second, and the real-time video display is achieved. Therefore, the system has strong engineering application value.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國科學(xué)院大學(xué)（工程管理與信息技術(shù)學(xué)院）
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U463.6;TN219

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