本文選題：FPGA + 高斯濾波器��； 參考：《哈爾濱理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：表面粗糙度測量是幾何量測量領(lǐng)域一項(xiàng)重要內(nèi)容，直接關(guān)系到工件質(zhì)量的評(píng)定。在表面粗糙度測量中，根據(jù)傳感器形式的不同，有接觸式測量和非接觸式測量兩種形式，但不論哪一種形式，都需要數(shù)據(jù)采集系統(tǒng)，來獲取表面輪廓數(shù)據(jù)。在獲取表面輪廓數(shù)據(jù)后，根據(jù)國際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)ISO11562，需要對(duì)表面輪廓進(jìn)行高斯濾波，來建立表面輪廓中線，分離表面粗糙度輪廓。高斯濾波器是一種應(yīng)用廣泛的時(shí)頻帶寬積最小的濾波器，它的結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜，實(shí)現(xiàn)起來十分的困難，設(shè)計(jì)者大都是通過軟件來實(shí)現(xiàn)高斯濾波器，這種設(shè)計(jì)方法使信號(hào)的處理速度降低，當(dāng)被處理的信息量過大時(shí)，降低了數(shù)據(jù)處理效率，在很多情況下難以接受。 本論文設(shè)計(jì)了一套基于FPGA的表面輪廓數(shù)據(jù)采集系統(tǒng)，其中包括FPGA最小系統(tǒng)、USB接口電路、AD轉(zhuǎn)換電路和電源電路等的設(shè)計(jì)。軟件部分采用Verilog語言進(jìn)行編程，，完成了AD接口模塊的設(shè)計(jì)、USB接口模塊的設(shè)計(jì)、FPGA主控程序的設(shè)計(jì)等，最后通過仿真軟件完成了整個(gè)系統(tǒng)的調(diào)試。基于FPGA硬件平臺(tái)基礎(chǔ)上，實(shí)現(xiàn)了表面輪廓信號(hào)處理高斯濾波。通過對(duì)高斯濾波器的逼近設(shè)計(jì)方法研究，確定了級(jí)聯(lián)移動(dòng)平均濾波器的逼近方法，并設(shè)計(jì)了FIR型高斯逼近濾波器。在FPGA芯片中對(duì)濾波算法進(jìn)行了硬件實(shí)現(xiàn)和算法仿真，驗(yàn)證了設(shè)計(jì)過程。 數(shù)據(jù)采集系統(tǒng)采用模擬+數(shù)字濾波器的抗混疊濾波技術(shù)有效消除了表面信號(hào)的噪聲。通過對(duì)實(shí)際表面輪廓進(jìn)行采集，基于FPGA的硬件高斯濾波算法完成了表面輪廓中線的提取，有效地分離出了其中的表面粗糙度輪廓，為后續(xù)的表面粗糙度評(píng)定奠定了基礎(chǔ)。整套系統(tǒng)算法可靠，計(jì)算效率高，提高了數(shù)據(jù)處理速度，具有一定的實(shí)用推廣價(jià)值。
[Abstract]:Surface roughness measurement is an important content in the field of geometric measurement, which is directly related to the evaluation of workpiece quality. In the measurement of surface roughness, according to the different types of sensors, there are two forms of contact measurement and non-contact measurement, but in either form, the data acquisition system is needed to obtain the surface profile data. After obtaining the surface contour data, according to the international standard ISO11562, the surface contour should be filtered by Gao Si to establish the center line of the surface contour and separate the surface roughness profile. Gao Si filter is a widely used filter with minimal time-frequency bandwidth product. Its structure is complex and it is very difficult to implement. The designers mostly use software to realize Gao Si filter. This design method reduces the speed of signal processing and reduces the efficiency of data processing when the amount of information being processed is too large, which is difficult to accept in many cases. In this paper, a surface profile data acquisition system based on FPGA is designed, which includes the design of FPGA minimum system interface circuit, AD converter circuit and power supply circuit. The software part uses Verilog language to program and completes the design of AD interface module. Finally, the whole system is debugged by simulation software. The surface contour signal processing Gao Si filter is realized based on FPGA hardware platform. The approximation method of cascaded moving average filter is determined by studying the approach design method of Gao Si filter, and the Gao Si approximation filter of FIR type is designed. The design process is verified by hardware implementation and algorithm simulation in FPGA chip. The anti-aliasing filtering technique of analog digital filter is used in the data acquisition system to effectively eliminate the noise of surface signal. By collecting the actual surface profile, the hardware Gao Si filter algorithm based on FPGA completes the extraction of the surface contour midline, and effectively separates the surface roughness profile, which lays a foundation for the subsequent evaluation of the surface roughness. The algorithm of the whole system is reliable, the calculation efficiency is high, the data processing speed is improved, and it has certain practical popularization value.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TN713;TP274.2

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