本文選題：氧化亞鐵硫桿菌 + 碲礦�。� 參考：《成都理工大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：碲資源作為國家戰(zhàn)略儲備資源,對其開發(fā)利用已經受到各個國家的重視。經探明,獨立碲礦區(qū)的碲礦大多為貧礦,富礦較少,傳統工藝不能較好地將其開發(fā),為實現獨立碲礦的合理性開發(fā),積極開展對微生物浸碲技術的研究具有重大的意義。本論文針對石棉礦區(qū)的原生碲礦,通過研究浸礦細菌的活化與馴化,礦石的預處理及各浸礦條件的優(yōu)化對微生物浸出碲礦效果影響,確立了細菌浸出碲礦的最佳工藝。通過利用原子熒光光譜儀(HFS)和X-射線衍射儀(XRD)分別對Fe3+氧化碲礦、細菌氧化碲礦和細菌氧化單質碲三組實驗浸出液中碲的浸出量和氧化后的碲礦物相組成進行分析,考察了細菌和Fe3+在氧化礦物過程起到的作用。再結合掃描電鏡(SEM)和傅里葉紅外光譜儀(FTIR)分別對細菌氧化碲礦前后礦樣表面形貌和細菌在礦樣表面吸附情況進行分析,確定了細菌浸出碲礦時存在的作用機理。根據聚乙二醇具有促進細菌氧化Fe2+及硫化礦溶解的特點,確定了聚乙二醇添加的最佳質量濃度和相對分子質量,考察了聚乙二醇在最佳相對分子量和質量濃度時對細菌浸出碲礦效果的影響。本實驗主要內容和結果如下:(1)氧化亞鐵硫桿菌浸出碲礦工藝的考察。通過對細菌在9K培養(yǎng)基中的活化培養(yǎng)和在含有亞碲酸及碲礦礦漿的培養(yǎng)基中馴化培養(yǎng),使細菌對Fe2+的氧化活性不斷提高,對亞碲酸鹽耐受性不斷加強以及在礦漿中的適應期也變短。活化馴化的細菌可以用來浸出碲礦。礦樣經酸化后,培養(yǎng)基pH值可穩(wěn)定在2.0左右,并在溫度為30 oC,pH值為2.0,細菌接種量為10%,礦漿濃度為40 g/L,搖床轉速為150 r/min的浸礦條件下時,細菌對碲礦浸出效果最好,浸出24天后,碲的浸出量可達154.78 mg/L,浸出率為47.77%。(2)氧化亞鐵硫桿菌浸出碲礦初步機理的考察。通過HFS和XRD對Fe3+氧化碲礦、氧化亞鐵硫桿菌氧化單質碲及碲礦三組實驗浸出液中碲的浸出量和氧化后的碲礦物相組成分析,得出細菌浸出碲礦時Fe3+能將礦樣中的低價碲氧化為單質碲,但不能氧化為亞碲酸與碲酸;在細菌的作用下,單質碲被氧化為碲酸,實現了碲礦中碲的浸出。通過結合SEM和FTIR分別對細菌氧化前后的碲礦表面形貌以及細菌在碲礦表面吸附情況進行分析,得出細菌代謝產物Fe3+對碲礦表面有一定侵蝕作用和細菌浸出碲礦時在碲礦表面有一定的吸附。(3)聚乙二醇強化氧化亞鐵硫桿菌浸出碲礦的考察。通過考察聚乙二醇的相對分子質量和質量濃度對細菌氧化Fe2+及碲礦溶解的影響,得出當聚乙二醇相對分子質量為2000,添加質量濃度為0.09%時,促進細菌對Fe2+的氧化活性和碲礦溶解性最好。在添加最佳相對分子質量和質量濃度的聚乙二醇作用下,細菌浸出碲礦的效果有了較大的提升。相比只添加細菌組,浸出24天后,碲的浸出率為83.91%,細菌對碲的浸出率增高了1.45倍,細菌提前3 d開始對碲礦進行氧化。研究結果表明,氧化亞鐵硫桿菌經活化與馴化后,細菌的浸礦活性得到了提高,可以用來浸出碲礦。經各浸出條件優(yōu)化,細菌對碲礦浸出效果得到了提升。細菌浸出碲礦過程中,存在細菌對碲礦的間接浸出機理。對細菌氧化碲礦機理的了解,可為進一步提高細菌對碲礦的浸出效果提供理論指導。聚乙二醇通過提高細菌的氧化活性和礦樣的溶解量,增強了細菌對碲礦的氧化效果。這些研究可為以后更好地開發(fā)利用原生碲礦資源提供理論依據和技術指導。
[Abstract]:Tellurium resource is a national strategic reserve resource, and its exploitation and utilization has been paid attention to by various countries. It is proved that tellurium ores in the independent tellurium mining area are mostly poor and rich, and the traditional technology can not be developed well. It is very important to study the tellurium tellurium technology for the development of independent tellurium and to develop the tellurium technology. Aiming at the primary tellurium ore in asbestos mining area, the best process of leaching tellurite by microorganism leaching is established by the study of the activation and acclimatization of bacteria in the ore leaching, the pretreatment of ore and the optimization of the conditions of ore leaching, and the optimum process of leaching tellurite from bacteria is established by using atomic fluorescence spectrometer (HFS) and X- ray diffractometer (XRD) to oxidize Fe3+, respectively. Tellurite, tellurite and tellurium are three groups of tellurium, and the composition of tellurium in the leaching solution and the composition of the phase composition of the tellurium after oxidation are analyzed. The effect of bacteria and Fe3+ on the oxidation process is investigated. The surface of tellurite oxide sample surface before and after the tellurite is combined with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier infrared spectrometer (FTIR). The adsorption of morphologies and bacteria on the surface of ore samples was analyzed, and the mechanism of action of tellurite leaching was determined. According to the characteristics of polyethylene glycol to promote the oxidation of Fe2+ and the dissolution of sulfide ore, the optimum mass concentration and relative molecular mass of the polyethylene glycol were determined, and the optimum relative molecular weight and the molecular weight of polyethylene glycol were investigated. The main contents and results of this experiment are as follows: (1) study on the technology of tellurite leaching of Thiobacillus ferrooxidans. By acclimating the bacteria in the medium of 9K and domestication in the medium containing tellurite and tellurite pulp, the oxidation activity of bacteria to Fe2+ is constantly improved. The tellurite tolerance is constantly strengthened and the adaptation period in the pulp becomes shorter. The activated acclimated bacteria can be used to extract tellurite. After acidification, the pH value of the medium can be stabilized at about 2, and the temperature is 30 oC, the pH value is 2, the bacterial inoculation amount is 10%, the pulp concentration is 40 g/L, and the rocking speed is 150 r/min under the leaching condition. The leaching of tellurium is the best. 24 days after leaching, the leaching amount of tellurium can reach 154.78 mg/L. The leaching rate is 47.77%. (2) 47.77%. (2) Thiobacillus ferrooxidans leaching tellurite. The leaching amount of tellurium in the Fe3+ oxide tellurite, the oxidation of tellurium and tellurite in three groups of tellurium oxide and tellurium after oxidation of tellurium oxide and the oxidized tellurite ore Phase composition analysis shows that Fe3+ can oxidize tellurium in the ore sample to tellurium, but it can not be oxidized to telluric acid and telluric acid. Under the action of bacteria, tellurium is oxidized to telluric acid, and tellurium leaching is achieved in tellurite. By combining SEM and FTIR, the surface morphology of tellurite before and after oxidation of bacteria and bacteria in bacteria are respectively combined. The adsorption of Tellurium on the surface of tellurite is analyzed. It is concluded that the bacterial metabolite Fe3+ has some erosion on the surface of tellurium and the adsorption of tellurite on the surface of tellurium when the tellurite is leached. (3) the study on the leaching of tellurite by the strengthening of Thiobacillus ferrooxidans by PEG. By investigating the relative molecular mass and mass concentration of PEG to oxidize F The effect of e2+ and tellurite dissolution is that when the relative molecular mass of polyethylene glycol is 2000 and the mass concentration is 0.09%, the oxidation activity of Fe2+ and the solubility of tellurium are best. The effect of the bacteria leaching of tellurite by the addition of the best molecular weight and the mass concentration of polyethylene glycol has been greatly improved. 24 days after leaching, the leaching rate of tellurium was 83.91%, the leaching rate of tellurium increased by 1.45 times, and the bacteria began to oxidize Tellurium by 3 D earlier. The results showed that the leaching activity of Thiobacillus ferrooxidans was improved after activation and acclimatization, which could be used to extract tellurite. In the process of leaching tellurium, there is an indirect leaching mechanism of tellurite. The understanding of the mechanism of tellurite can provide theoretical guidance for further improving the leaching effect of tellurite. By improving the oxidizing activity of bacteria and the dissolving amount of the sample, the peg enhanced the tellurium. These studies can provide theoretical basis and technical guidance for better development and utilization of primary tellurium resources in the future.
【學位授予單位】：成都理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TN304.1

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本文編號：1901584